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本文从背景性地震活动、地震空区、震前平静、前震等地震活动的基本特征出发,分析了邢台地震的震前特征。结果表明,邢台地震是发生在华北地震区地震活动增强的背景中,震前几十年存在着中强地震空区,地震活动的纬向分布说明中小地震也可能存在地震活动空区。邢台地震有着丰富的前震活动,而震前区域地震活动的平静却不甚明显。在分析基本特征的基础上,用粗糙模式探讨了地震过程的物理机制。 相似文献
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日本阪神地震以后,日本政府吸取了阪神地震应急响应太慢的教训,投入巨资(约300亿美元)来加强日本的地震监测系统和地震信息系统。 相似文献
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从汶川地震到芦山地震 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
本文概述作者在龙门山断裂带中、小地震精确定位、地震活动性以及2008年汶川MW7.9(MS8.0)地震和2013年芦山MW6.7(MS7.0)地震破裂过程等方面所做的研究工作.这些工作表明,青藏高原东缘的龙门山断裂带不但是一条规模宏大的断裂带,也是一条非常活跃的地震带.通过对地震构造、地震活动性、地震矩释放"亏空"区以及余震活动规律的分析,作者在汶川地震后提出了龙门山断裂带西南段宝兴-小金一带存在发生MW6.7～7.3地震的潜在危险性的地震趋势估计.芦山地震的发生初步验证了这一估计.芦山地震发生后作者进一步做的分析结果表明,芦山地震的发生并没有显著地缓解龙门山断裂带西南段的地震危险性,该地段整体上仍存在发生MW7.2～7.3地震的潜在危险性;特别是,其北段(即邛崃大邑西-宝兴北-汶川南一带)存在发生MW6.8地震的潜在危险性;其南段(即天全-荥经-泸定-康定一带)存在发生MW7.2地震的潜在危险性.作者认为,应当强化对上述具有潜在地震危险性区域的监测与多学科综合研究. 相似文献
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为了提高我国微小地震监测能力，"一带一路"项目拟在黑龙江鹤岗地区建设地震台阵。在2019年8月4日至9月4日，鹤岗地震台阵监测到部分近震及远震，与黑龙江省鹤岗地震台观测数据进行对比分析，得到以下结果：与鹤岗地震台相比，鹤岗地震台阵对近震及区域性地震的监测能力较高，对远震和极远震的监测范围较大，记录完整的地震个数更多，整体背景噪声更小，地震波形质量更高，定位更精确，提高了区域地震监测能力。 相似文献
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吐鲁番地区地震活动空间图像和地震形势浅析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
结合吐鲁番地区的历史中强地震、古地震及其地震构造,分析了吐鲁番地区的地震活动特征和地震形势,尤其针对1970 年以来发生的11 次MS≥4.7 地震,总结了震前5 年的小震活动空间图像前兆特征,对吐鲁番地区未来的地震趋势和地震危险区提出了分析意见。 相似文献
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本文以承德地区的历史地震与现今地震活动的时空变化为依据,分析了地震活动水平较低的承德地区地震特征,并根据场址影响烈度估计场址危险性的最大似然法,由承德地区历史地震的影响烈度,估计了未来50年内承德地区的地震危险性. 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献