共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 105 毫秒
1.
基于非线性积分方程,利用井轴上阵列感应成像测井仪（AIT）的单频测量信号,将变形玻恩（Bom）迭代方法用于地球物理测井反演,用正则化方法求出地层电导率分布。文中首先给出对于未知电导率分布的非线性积分方程,然后用玻恩近似使非线性积分方程线性化,求出电导率分布。在迭代过程中,数值模式匹配法用于求解阵列感应的正演问题。数值计算表明,用井轴上 AIT 的单频测量信号得到的成像结果与真电导率剖面分布吻合较好。 相似文献
2.
重力固体潮信号是一种多谐波的混合信号,为了提取其中所包含的地震前兆异常信息.本文结合重力固体潮的产生机制,建立了一种重力固体潮正交分解模型.在此基础上,利用独立分量分析算法实现重力固体潮信号的加性分解,然后针对独立分量中的调制关系,利用谱相关方法对其进行乘性解调.从而,完整地提取出了重力固体潮信号中丰富的潮汐谐波信息.进一步,引入理论计算值作为实际测量值的参考背景,在独立分量中凸显出原重力固体潮信号中的异常变化特征.通过对云南地区的实际震例研究表明,重力固体潮独立分量的异常特征与地震事件的时序存在密切的相关性.在地震发生前的1~5个月内,对应于重力固体潮信号长周期谐波系的独立分量在时域波形和循环相关谱方面均有明显的异常变化,而且普遍存在,充分反映了这一异常变化与地震前地壳内部能量的变化有关,很有可能就是重力固体潮信号中隐含的地震前兆信息. 相似文献
3.
借助于YJ-3000t紧装式六面顶固体高压设备,在1.0~2.0 GPa、523~1173 K条件下,利用Agilent 34401A数字电表和Solartron IS-1260阻抗-增益/相位分析仪,同时使用三种方法:交流阻抗谱法(频率范围0.05~106 Hz)、单频交流法(0.1 Hz)和直流法测量了华北北缘二辉麻粒岩的电导率.结果表明:在实验的温度和压力范围内,二辉麻粒岩电导率的变化在2.66×10-5~0.056 S·m-1之间,电导率对压力没有很强的依赖性;随着温度的升高,电导率增大,遵循Arrenhius关系式,其指前因子为8.95~17.9 S·m-1,活化能为0.569~0.605 eV.对比三种方法获得的电导率数据,发现阻抗谱法测量结果大于单频法测量结果,直流法测得的结果最低,但是,三种方法获得的电导率差值除两个低温点外,绝大多数都很小(Δlgσ<0.20 lg(S/m)).结合现今华北克拉通地热学参数及地壳分层结构,依据实验获得的电导率温度关系建立了电导率-深度剖面.并将其与大地电磁测深获得的地壳电性结构进行了对比,结果表明二辉麻粒岩的电导率与华北北缘的中地壳底部和下地壳底部电导率值的区域相交,再结合高温高压下二辉麻粒岩的弹性波速度剖面与地震折射剖面的对比,认为二辉麻粒岩有可能是组成华北北缘下地壳的岩石之一. 相似文献
4.
《中国科学:地球科学》2017,(5)
高温高压电导率实验研究是透视地球内部结构与物质组成的一个重要窗口.百年来进行了大量地幔矿物电导率的研究,但对地幔岩石的研究却不足;进行了压力对地幔矿物电导率影响的研究,但获得的激活体积值却有正有负;进行了含水橄榄石电导率的测量,但仍存在干湿软流圈地幔之争;进行了部分熔融岩石电导率的研究,但对异常高导成因的解释却仍没有定论.因为该研究对人们认识地幔的物质组成和矿物相变,地幔的电性结构和热结构,以及洋壳俯冲和高导异常成因等地幔动力学问题有重大意义,因此,还需继续研究地幔岩石、矿物的电导率与温度、压力、氧逸度和组分等之间的关系,再结合地球物理的探测结果,构建合理的电导率-深度剖面图. 相似文献
5.
感应测井视电导率和真电导率关系的积分方程 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
李剑浩 《中国科学:地球科学》2014,(5):928-933
本文研究感应测井仪器测量的感应电动势和视电导率的关系、视电导率和地层真电导率的关系.假定格林函数中的电导率是场点坐标的函数,运用格林公式推导出电场强度的视电导率表达式,建立了视电导率和真电导率关系的积分方程,通过对所得积分方程的深入分析,得出等效电导率与视电导率相等以及视电导率函数值包含真电导率两个结论,并提出由井轴视电导率函数求取真电导率的方法,通过数值计算验证了本文提出的方法的有效性.按照上述做法,仪器每移动一点,发射线圈产生一个电场分布,若干接收线圈得到一个视电导率分布,这就形成了感应电场测井. 相似文献
6.
电导率的测定及其在地震监测和水质分析中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
前言水溶液中电导率的大小不仅是衡量水质的一种常用指标 ,而且还能反映出水中可电离物质的多少。由于其测试简便 ,已被广泛应用于地震监测及水质分析中。新疆乌鲁木齐地区从 1 973年开始进行电导率测定 ,2 0多年来 ,在观测技术、测试仪器、观测环境和干扰因素等方面做了许多工作 ,也积累了部分较为可靠的资料和震例。笔者从电导率的测量原理入手 ,结合乌鲁木齐地区多年来的电导率观测资料 ,探讨了电导率在地震监测和水质分析中的应用。1 电导率的测量原理水溶液中的离子在电场作用下可以导电 ,当电场强度不超过 1 0 4～ 1 0 5V/cm,频率不… 相似文献
7.
《应用地球物理》2017,(4)
针对强干扰导致人工源频率域电磁法测量结果出现偏倚的问题,研究将灰色系统理论和稳健M-估计综合用于数据处理的新方法。由于灰色系统理论对数据分布类型及数量依赖程度低,本文通过灰色建模求解测量数据的标准差,结合阈值法识别、剔除异常值。采用稳健M-估计估算测量结果,以压制异常值影响,提高处理结果的精度。最后将保留数据的M-估计值视为真实值。为验证所述方法处理效果,仿真生成含噪信号,剔除其有效频率频谱数据中的异常值,处理结果可高度逼近理论值,其最大相对误差为3.6676%,最小仅为0.0251%。然后对野外实测数据进行处理,并通过均方根误差、电位差频谱数据和视电阻率曲线形态对处理效果进行评价。研究结果表明:本文方法可以在保留可信数据的同时有效剔除异常值,均方根误差大幅下降,为人工源电磁法资料后续处理解释提供可靠的数据。 相似文献
8.
《地球物理学报》2020,(9)
中下地壳和俯冲带区域的高电导率异常(0.01～1 S·m~(-1))可能与地球内部的特定物质及其变化有关.斜长角闪岩是中下地壳以及俯冲带区域的重要组成之一,高温高压下斜长角闪岩的电导率研究对认识电导率异常具有重要意义.本研究采用交流阻抗谱法,在0.5, 1.0, 1.5 GPa和473～1073 K条件下测量了天然斜长角闪岩样品的复阻抗,实验结果表明压力对斜长角闪岩的电导率影响非常小,而温度对于电导率影响非常显著,其电导率在1073 K可以达到10~(-0.5) S·m~(-1);实验获得的活化能值为52.21 kJ·mol~(-1),推断其导电机制可能为小极化子传导(Fe~(2+)的氧化)主导.结合本实验获得的结果与大陆岩石圈和俯冲带的温度结构,我们计算得到相应的电性结构剖面,并与三种不同构造背景下的大陆岩石圈(克拉通、大陆裂谷和活动造山带)和俯冲带区域的电磁剖面结构进行了对比研究,结果发现斜长角闪岩可以解释大陆裂谷和活动造山带构造背景下的莫霍面附近的高电导率异常现象,同时可能是导致较热的俯冲带区域(例如卡斯卡迪地区)高电导率异常现象的原因. 相似文献
9.
高温高压下地幔矿物岩石电导率影响因素研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
实验室高温高压条件下获得的地幔矿物岩石电导率值可以帮助获得地球内部物质组成、物质运动变化状态和解释地球物理探测资料.研究表明,电导率测量影响因素(外部因素和内部因素)控制不当将使得测量的电导率值产生较大差异.本文综述了近20年来这些影响因素对地幔矿物岩石电导率的影响程度及进展情况,电导率随着温度,铁含量和水含量的增加而增加;不含水条件下,电导率随着氧逸度和压力的增加分别增加和减小,含水条件下则恰恰相反;忽略颗粒边界的影响;测量频率和结晶方向对电导率的影响尚存在一定争议;进行电导率测量时有必要考虑系统平衡时间和样品中铁含量的流失.最后探讨了高温高压条件下电导率实验研究的不足和发展方向. 相似文献
10.
11.
Graham H. Powell 《地震工程与结构动力学》1978,6(2):157-165
A procedure for computing the seismic response of above-ground, cross-country pipelines is described. The procedure accounts for the effects of initial static loads, slipping of the pipe on its supports and out-of-phase ground motions at different points along the pipe. The idealization, assumptions and theory are described, and an example illustrating the influence of several parameters on the response is presented. 相似文献
12.
The result of a theoretical study on the rocking response of rigid blocks subjected to sinusoidal base motion is presented. The study indicates that, for a given excitation amplitude and frequency, a rigid block can respond in several different ways. Based on analysis, the regions of different classes of steady state symmetric response solutions are mapped on the excitation amplitude-frequency parameter space. The steady state response solutions (both harmonic and subharmonic) are classified into two classes, out-of-phase and in-phase with respect to the excitation. Only out-of-phase solutions are found to be stable. A parametric study shows that steady rocking response amplitude is highly sensitive to the size of the block and the excitation frequency in the low frequency range. It is relatively insensitive to the excitation amplitude and the system's coefficient of restitution of impact. For two blocks of the same aspect ratio and coefficient of restitution subjected to the same excitation, the larger block always responds in smaller amplitude than the smaller block. Computer simulation is carried out to study the stability of the symmetric steady state response solutions obtained from analysis. It is found that as the excitation frequency is decreased beyond the boundary of stable symmetric response, the response becomes unsymmetric where the mean amplitude of oscillation is non-zero. Further decrease in excitation frequency beyond the stable unsymmetric response boundary causes instability in the form of overturning. 相似文献
13.
H. M. Irvine 《地震工程与结构动力学》1980,8(3):267-273
A simple formula, equation (15), is derived for the peak additional cable tension that can be expected in a suspension bridge undergoing earthquake excitation. The method involves application of the response spectrum technique and rests on several plausible assumptions. The formula gives a reasonable upper bound, suitable for preliminary design estimates, irrespective of whether the ground motions at each end are in-phase or, as is probable with a long span bridge, whether they are out-of-phase. 相似文献
14.
In this paper, a full-scale 3-D finite element model of the Jundushan cable-stayed aqueduct bridge is established with ANSYS Code. The shell, fluid, tension-only spar and beam elements are used for modeling the aqueduct deck, filled water, cables and support towers, respectively. A multi-element cable formulation is introduced to simulate the cable vibration. The dry (without water) and wet (with water) modes of the aqueduct bridge are both extracted and investigated in detail. The dry modes of the aqueduct bridge are basically similar to those of highway cable-stayed bridges. A dry mode may correspond to two types of wet modes, which are called the in-phase (with lower frequency) and out-of-phase (with higher frequency) modes. When the water-structure system vibrates in the in-phase/out-of-phase modes, the aqueduct deck moves and water sloshes in the same/opposite phase-angle, and the sloshing water may take different surface-wave modes. The wet modes of the system reflect the properties of interaction among the deck, towers, cables and water. The in-phase wet frequency generally decreases as the water depth increases, and the out-of-phase wet frequency may increase or decrease as the water depth increases. 相似文献
15.
Variation of the luminosity in two parallel auroral arcs before auroral breakup has been studied by using digitised TV-data with high temporal and spatial resolution. The intervals when a new arc appears near already existing one were chosen for analysis. It is shown, for all cases, that the appearance of a new arc is accompanied by fading or disappearance of another arc. We have named these events out-of-phase events, OP. Another type of luminosity variation is characterised by almost simultaneous enhancement of intensity in the both arcs (in-phase event, IP). The characteristic time of IP events is 10–20 s, whereas OP events last about one minute. Sometimes out-of-phase events begin as IP events. The possible mechanisms for OP and IP events are discussed. 相似文献
16.
David J. Brown Curt A. L. Szuberla David McCormack Pierrick Mialle 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2014,171(3-5):575-585
A spatial filter is often attached to a microphone or microbarometer in order to reduce the noise caused by atmospheric turbulence. This filtering technique is based on the assumption that the coherence length of turbulence is smaller than the spatial extent of the filter, and so contributions from turbulence recorded at widely separated ports will tend to cancel while those of the signal of interest, which will have coherence length larger than the spatial dimensions of the filter, will be reinforced. In this paper, the plane wave response for a spatial filter with an arbitrary arrangement of open ports is determined. It is found that propagation over different port-to-sensor distances causes out-of-phase sinusoids to be summed at the central manifold and can lead to significant amplitude decay and phase delays as a function of frequency. The determined spatial filter plane wave response is superimposed on an array response typical of infrasound arrays that constitute the International Monitoring System infrasound network used for nuclear monitoring purposes. It is found that signal detection capability in terms of the Fisher Statistic can be significantly degraded at certain frequencies. The least-squares estimate of signal slowness can change by up to 1.5° and up to 10 m/s if an asymmetric arrangement of low and high frequency spatial filters is used. However, if a symmetric arrangement of filters is used the least-squares estimate of signal slowness is found to be largely unaffected, except near the predicted null frequency. 相似文献
17.
在扰动位能(PPE)理论的基础上,针对不同高度上局地环流能量转换问题,本文提出了分层扰动位能(LPPE)的概念.研究表明850hPa的分层扰动位能一阶矩(LPPE1)在热带地区为正,高纬度地区为负,200 hPa高度LPPE1在北美高纬度地区出现正值分布,100 hPa及以上LPPE1热带地区为负,高纬度为正.LPPE1冬季半球的分布与年平均相似,北半球夏季大陆上出现正的极大值.在局地,LPPE1在数值上远远大于分层扰动位能二阶矩(LPPE2)及更高阶矩,因此,LPPE的分布与LPPE1的分布相似.南海季风区低层动能的季节变化与LPPE呈现反向变化关系.相关分析表明,南海夏季风(SCSSM)与春季的LPPE1偶极型分布之间存在着显著的年际(正)相关关系,可以作为SCSSM强度的一个预报因子.春季赤道印度洋、西太平洋海表温度(SST)的负(正)异常对应春季、夏季LPPE1的南负北正(南正北负)偶极型分布,夏季(JJAS) LPPE1的偶极型分布与南海季风区动能的一致增大(减小)是两者耦合模态的主导模态,夏季南海季风区的西风增强(减弱), SCSSM增强(减弱),这是能量异常影响SCSSM的一个可能的机制. 相似文献
18.
This paper investigates the behavior and the failure mechanism of a double deck bridge constructed in China through nonlinear time history analysis.A parametric study was conducted to evaluate the influence of different structural characteristics on the behavior of the double deck bridge under transverse seismic motions,and to detect the effect of bidirectional loading on the seismic response of this type of bridge.The results showed that some characteristics,such as the variable lateral stiffness,the foundation modelling,and the longitudinal reinforcement ratio of the upper and lower columns of the bridge pier bents have a major impact on the double deck bridge response and its failure mechanism under transverse seismic motions.It was found that the soft story failure mechanism is not unique to the double deck bridge and its occurrence is related to some conditions and structural characteristics of the bridge structure.The analysis also showed that the seismic vulnerability of the double deck bridge under bi-directional loading was severely increased compared to the bridge response under unidirectional transverse loading,and out-of-phase movements were triggered between adjacent girders. 相似文献
19.
Seismic pounding between adjacent frames in multiple-frame bridges and girder ends in multi-span simply supported bridges has been commonly observed in several recent earthquakes. The consequences of pounding include damage to piers, abutments, shear keys, bearings and restrainers, and possible collapse of deck spans. This paper investigates pounding in bridges from an analytical perspective. A simplified nonlinear model of a multiple-frame bridge is developed including the effects of inelastic frame action and nonlinear hinge behavior, to study the seismic response to longitudinal ground motion. Pounding is implemented using the contact force-based Kelvin model, as well as the momentum-based stereomechanical approach, Parameter studies are conducted to determine the effects of frame period ratio, column hysteretic behavior, energy dissipation during impact and near source ground motions on the pounding response of the bridge. The results indicate that pounding is most critical for highly out-of-phase frames and is not significant for frame period ratios greater than 0.7. Impact models without energy dissipation overestimate the displacement and acceleration amplifications due to impact, especially for elastic behavior of the frames. Representation of stiffness degradation in bridge columns is essential in capturing the accurate response of pounding frames subjected to far field ground motion. Finally, it is shown that strength degradation and pounding can result in significant damage to the stiffer frames of the bridge when subjected to large acceleration pulses from near field ground motion records. 相似文献
20.
Implications of seismic pounding on the longitudinal response of multi-span bridges - an analytical perspective 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
ReginaldDesRoches SusendarMuthukumar 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2004,3(1):57-65
Seismic pounding between adjacent frames in multiple-frame bridges and girder ends in multi-span simply supported bridges has been commonly observed in several recent earthquakes. The consequences of pounding include damage to piers, abutments, shear keys, bearings and restrainers, and possible collapse of deck spans. This paper investigates pounding in bridges from an analytical perspective. A simplified nonlinear model of a multiple-frame bridge is developed including the effects of inelastic frame action and nonlinear hinge behavior, to study the seismic response to longitudinal ground motion. Pounding is implemented using the contact force-based Kelvin model, as well as the momentum-based stereomechanical approach. Parameter studies are conducted to determine the effects of frame period ratio, column hysteretic behavior, energy dissipation during impact and near source ground motions on the pounding response of the bridge. The results indicate that pounding is most critical for highly out-of-phase frames and is not significant for frame period ratios greater than 0.7. Impact models without energy dissipation overestimate the displacement and acceleration amplifications due to impact, especially for elastic behavior of the frames. Representation of stiffness degradation in bridge columns is cssential in capturing the accurate response of pounding frames subjected to far field ground motion. Finally, it is shown that strength degradation and pounding can result in significant damage to the stiffer frames of the bridge when subjected to large acceleration pulses from near field ground motion records. 相似文献