共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
东北亚中生代火山岩的地球动力学意义 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
东北亚中生代火山岩可划分为陆内环状火山岩带、纬向火山岩带和陆缘北北东向火山岩带,本文通过对俄罗斯、蒙古、中国东北、日本和朝鲜半岛在内的东北亚中生代火山岩分布图的编制,以及火山岩地球化学对比研究,认为东北亚中生代火山岩是古亚洲洋构造域向太平洋构造域转换时期,深部地幔地球化学过程以及东亚大陆与古太平洋板块相互作用的产物。在晚古生代至早中生代古亚洲构造域的闭合和欧亚大陆形成过程中,古亚洲域冷板块向地幔深部潜入而引发的热地幔柱的上升,是东北亚中生代大地构造演化和岩浆作用的重要控制因素。 相似文献
2.
河北沽源—多伦地区中生代含铀火山岩地球化学 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
沽源和多伦地区是燕辽多金属成矿带的重要组成部分，中生界主要发育上侏罗统白旗组、张家口组，下白垩统大北沟组和花吉营组。张家口组火山岩分布广、厚度大，是铀（钼）矿床的主要含矿主岩。中生代火山岩属于钙碱性系列，化学成分富硅、偏碱，δ值1.17-7.60。稀土元素特征反映火山岩有壳幔混合和壳源改造两种成因。火山岩形成于弱造山环境，其年龄与库拉—太平洋板块向亚洲板块俯冲的时间吻合。张家口组酸性火山岩具有我国相山产铀火山杂岩富硅、富钾，铕极亏损的地球化学特征。 相似文献
3.
D H Richter J G Smith M A Lanphere G B Dalrymple B L Reed Nora Shew 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1990,53(1):29-44
The Wrangell volcanic field covers more than 10 000 km2 in southern Alaska and extends uninterrupted into northwest. Yukon Territory. Lavas in the field exhibit medium-K, calc-alkaline affinities, typical of continental volcanic arcs along convergent plate margins. Eleven major eruptive centers are recognized in the Alaskan part of the field. More than 90 K-Ar age determinations in the field show a northwesterly progression of eruptive activity from 26 Ma, near the Alaska-Yukon border, to about 0.2 Ma at the northwest end of the field. A few age determinations in the southeast extension of the field in Yukon Territory, Canada, range from 11 to 25 Ma. The ages indicate that the progression of volcanism in the Alaska part of the field increased from about 0.8 km/Ma, at 25 Ma, to more than 20 km/MA during the past 2 Ma. The progression of volcanic activity and its increased rate of migration with time is attributed to changes in the rate and angle of Pacific plate convergence and the progressive decoupling of the Yakutat terrane from North America. Subduction of Yakutat terrane-Pacific plate and Wrangell volcanic activity ceased about 200 000 years age when Pacific plate motion was taken up by strike-slip faulting and thrusting. 相似文献
4.
D H Richter J G Smith M A Lanphere G B Dalrymple B L Reed Nora Shew 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1991,53(1):29-44
The Wrangell volcanic field covers more than 10 000 km2 in southern Alaska and extends uninterrupted into northwest. Yukon Territory. Lavas in the field exhibit medium-K, calc-alkaline affinities, typical of continental volcanic arcs along convergent plate margins. Eleven major eruptive centers are recognized in the Alaskan part of the field. More than 90 K-Ar age determinations in the field show a northwesterly progression of eruptive activity from 26 Ma, near the Alaska-Yukon border, to about 0.2 Ma at the northwest end of the field. A few age determinations in the southeast extension of the field in Yukon Territory, Canada, range from 11 to 25 Ma. The ages indicate that the progression of volcanism in the Alaska part of the field increased from about 0.8 km/Ma, at 25 Ma, to more than 20 km/MA during the past 2 Ma. The progression of volcanic activity and its increased rate of migration with time is attributed to changes in the rate and angle of Pacific plate convergence and the progressive decoupling of the Yakutat terrane from North America. Subduction of Yakutat terrane-Pacific plate and Wrangell volcanic activity ceased about 200 000 years age when Pacific plate motion was taken up by strike-slip faulting and thrusting. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
Eastern Pacific spreading rate fluctuation and its relation to Pacific area volcanic episodes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sea-floor spreading rates from four locations along the Nazca-Pacific plate boundary and one along the Juan de Fuca-Pacific plate boundary show variations over the past 2.4 m.y., with decreasing rates prior to the Jaramillo to Olduvai time interval (0.92–1.73 m.y. ago) and increasing rates since then. Other Pacific area volcanic phenomena in mid-plate and convergent-boundary settings also show minima about 1.3–1.5 m.y. ago and a maximum at present and another maximum about 5 m.y. ago: extrusion rates along the Hawaiian Ridge; volcanic episodes associated with calc-alkalic provinces of western Oregon and Central America; temporal variations in the SiO2 content of Aleutian ash layers; and the number of deep-sea ash layers. These phenomena may fluctuate in response to changing spreading rates. During times of more rapid spreading increased shear and melting along lithospheric boundaries may occasion increased volcanic activity, whereas during times of less rapid spreading volcanic activity may be less intense. 相似文献
8.
In the Northeast Japan arc, a number of Quaternary volcanoes form a long, narrow belt, parallel to the Japan Trench. 87Sr/86Sr ratios were determined in 52 specimens of volcanic rocks from 27 volcanoes in the Northeast Japan arc area. The results reveal that the ratios change systematically in space. Decreasing 87Sr/86Sr ratios across the arc were confirmed over a wide area of Northeast Japan. In the same direction, increases in both Rb and Sr contents were also found. The regular trends are considered to be a strong constraint for elucidation of subduction-originated magma genesis at the Eurasia plate vs. Pacific plate boundary. In the northern region of the Northeast Japan arc, 87Sr/86Sr ratios in volcanic rocks along the volcanic front were almost constant (0.7038–0.7045) and slightly higher than those from the Izu-Ogasawara arc (0.7032–0.7038). This suggests that “interactions” between the Eurasia plate and the Pacific plate, and those between the Philippine Sea plate and the Pacific plate are slightly different. The southern region of the Northeast Japan arc, where the direction of the volcanic front bends from southward to westward, showed anomalously high 87Sr/86Sr ratios, reaching to 0.7077. This region coincides with the triple junction of the Eurasia, Pacific and Philippine Sea plates, suggesting “anomalous interaction” at the triple junction. 相似文献
9.
10.
F. Barberi L. Civetta P. Gasparini F. Innocenti R. Scandone L. Villari 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1974,22(2):123-132
New paleomagnetic data relative to Upper Cretaceous, Neogene and Quaternary volcanic rocks from eastern Sicily definitively indicate that Sicily is a part of the African plate, which collided with the European continental plate in Middle Miocene times. These data and the tectonic evolution of Sicily as inferred from the nature, age and distribution of volcanic products, are broadly consistent with the motions of Africa relative to Europe since the Upper Trias. During the Mesozoic, eastern Sicily was affected by extensional tectonics with associated alkali basaltic volcanism, and oceanic crust was produced in the meantime between the diverging African and European plates. Near the end of Mesozoic times the two plates started to converge with consequent consumption of oceanic crust. Different times of oceanic plate consumption along the Sicily-Calabria section of the plate boundary are suggested by the occurence of andesitic volcanism of different ages. The tectonic significance of late Tertiary to present basaltic activity in eastern Sicily is also discussed. 相似文献
11.
Abstract Quaternary volcanism of the Japanese Islands is examined from the perspective of experimental petrology, geographic distribution of volcanoes and spatial geochemical variations. The dehydration of amphibole and chlorite at a 110 km depth and of phlogopite at ∼180 km in the downdragged hydrous mantle layer would result in the occurrence of two volcanic chains parallel to the trench axis. Long-term subduction of the old Pacific plate and recent subduction of the young Philippine Sea plate beneath East Japan and West Japan volcanic belts respectively, would be critical for the significant difference in intensity, style and geochemistry of Quaternary volcanism between the two volcanic belts. The geochemistry of volcanic rocks in Northeast Japan and those in the Ryukyu arc is typical of 'island-arcs' having low LIL/HFS element ratios, while alkalic basalts along the Japan Sea coast side in Southwest Japan have high LIL/HFS ratios similar to intra-continental or oceanic island basalts. Across-arc variations in eruptive volume and distributional density of volcanoes and in geochemistry are documented in Northeast Japan and are well explained by the decreasing degrees of partial melting toward back-arc side, and the difference in geochemistry of fluids supplied by the downdragged hydrous layer. 相似文献
12.
The geodynamic setting of the Bikou volcanic group is a critical question to trace the Precambrain tectonic framework and evolution for the Yangtze plate. This study has suggested that the Bikou volcanic group is composed of several residual oceanic crust units: MORB (mid-ocean ridge basalt), Alk-OIB (alkaline ocean island basalt) and Th-OIB (tholeiitic ocean island basalt) as well as subduction-related volcanic rocks. According to field observation, those distinct rocks occurred collectively in form of tectonic contact, implying that the Bikou volcanic group was an ophiolitic mélange. Coupled with geochronological data, a perished oceanic basin at the northern margin of the Yangtze block during Neoproterozoic was tested by this ophiolitic mélange. Meanwhile, the isogeochemical data suggest that the ocean occurred in the Southern Hemisphere identical to Indian, South Atlantic and South Pacific oceans in terms of their Dupal anomalies, and the original source of the rocks could be probably mixing by EMI and EMII component caused by dehydration melting of subducting oceanic crust during subduction process. On the basis of geochemical characteristics of the studied rocks, the Bikou volcanic group could imply that a partial breakup event occurred in the northern margin of Yangtze plate during the Neoproterozoic era.
相似文献13.
Central America is divided into seven segments based on differences in the strikes and positions of volcanic lineaments in the historically active volcanic chain. This block-like pattern is also seen in the contrasting volcano morphology, recent fault patterns and the distribution of shallow earthquakes. Discontinuities in the deep seismic zone can be identified at some segment margins. The boundary areas between the segments are characterized by faulting transverse to the volcanic lineaments, frequently accompanied by basalt cinder cone fields, by concentrations of shallow earthquakes and by catastrophic historic eruptions. This volcanological, structural and seismological data can be explained by a segmented converging plate margin. At shallow depths the underthrust lithosphere is broken along tear faults into 100 to 300 km long segments. The separate segments descend into the mantle with different strikes and dips and give the geology its segmented character. Evidence for similar segmented converging plate margins is found in Mexico and in other parts of the circumpacific and alpine belts. 相似文献
14.
分析世界火山分布图发现琼北火山群分布在一南北向的火山带上,应用有限元方法模拟计算了双俯冲作用下海南岛所在雷琼\|越东火山带的形成机制,结合海南岛精确定位的地震数据和形变观测结果,认为琼北地区可能存在岩墙侵入或张性断裂膨胀,并根据地震数据模拟分析了岩墙侵入对区域应力场及形变的影响.琼北地区精确地震（2000~2006）定位结果表明地震主要集中在一个垂直面上,并且地震带两端有分叉现象.通过地震时空分布特征推测存在岩墙侵入,并通过数值模拟很好地解释了琼北地区地震的分布特征（狗骨头状）以及地表垂向形变东升西降的特征. 相似文献
15.
K. Notsu S. Aramaki O. Oshima Y. Kobayashi 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1987,32(1-3)
In central Japan, the Pacific plate subducts westward beneath the Eurasian plate and the Philippine Sea plate subducts northwestward into the mantle wedge between the Eurasian plate and the subducted Pacific slab. There, the Northeast Japan arc is joined to the Izu-Ogasawara arc. We determined 87Sr/86Sr ratios and Rb and Sr contents for 47 volcanic rock samples from 15 Quaternary volcanoes in central Japan and summarized the geographical distribution of the ratios. The general trend of slowly increasing 87Sr/86Sr ratio from the back-arc side toward the volcanic front in the Northeast Japan arc is broken by a marked high ratio (above 0.7060) centered around Akagi volcano located at the southernmost region of the arc. Elsewhere, the ratio along the volcanic front in this arc varies within the range 0.7038 to 0.7045. The marked high 87Sr/86Sr ratio is considered to be due to the addition of slab-derived components transported by the Philippine Sea plate to the magma-generating region in the mantle wedge beneath central Japan. Therefore, the geographical distribution of the high ratio may correspond to that of the Philippine Sea slab-derived components in the mantle wedge and we may draw the underground outline of the Philippine Sea plate. This outline implies that an aseismic portion of the Philippine Sea plate continues a few tens km ahead of the seismic one. A belt of low 87Sr/86Sr ratios from the Izu Peninsula northwestward along the northern end of the Izu-Ogasawara arc coincides with the zone where the subducting Philippine Sea plate is not observed seismologically, while it is detected seismologically on both sides of the belt. 相似文献
16.
长白山天池火山地震活动机理研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对1999年以来长白山火山观测站记录到的火山地震活动进行了研究,发现在西北太平洋5.0级以上中深源地震发生前后,均有火山地震活动发生变化。我们统计发现有以下三种情况:第一种是深源地震发生后火山地震随之增强;第二种是火山震群活动结束后发生中深源地震;第三种是深源地震前后火山地震活动频繁,在火山地震活动较少时发生中深源地震。本文通过对近年来长白山火山地震活动与西北太平洋俯冲板块的中、深源地震关系以及火山玄武岩地幔性质和长白山地热活动等资料并参考前人研究成果,建立了长白山地幔柱模型,对长白山火山地震活动机制进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
17.
K–Ar ages have been determined for 14 late Miocene to Pliocene volcanic rocks in the north of the Kanto Mountains, Japan, for tracking the location of the volcanic front through the time. These samples were collected from volcanoes located behind the trench–trench–trench (TTT) triple junction of the Pacific, Philippine Sea, and North American plates. This junction is the site of subduction of slabs of the Pacific and the Philippine Sea plates, both of which are thought to have influenced magmatism in this region. The stratigraphy and K–Ar ages of volcanic rocks in the study area indicate that volcanism occurred between the late Miocene and the Pliocene, and ceased before the Pleistocene. Volcanism in adjacent areas of the southern NE Japan and northern Izu–Bonin arcs also occurred during the Pliocene and ceased at around 3 Ma with the westward migration of the volcanic front, as reported previously. Combining our new age data with the existing data shows that before 3 Ma the volcanic front around the TTT junction was located about 50 km east of the preset‐day volcanic front. We suggest that northward subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate slab ended at ～3 Ma as a result of collision between the northern margin of the plate with the surface of the Pacific Plate slab. This collision may have caused a change in the subduction vector of the Philippine Sea Plate from the original north‐directed subduction to the present‐day northwest‐directed subduction. This indicates that the post ～3 Ma westward migration of the volcanic front was a result of this change in plate motion. 相似文献
18.
Jian ZHANG Tianyao HAO Miao DONG Ya XU Beiyu WANG Yifei AI Gui FANG 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2021,64(2):278-293
The Sulawesi Sea and Sulawesi Island are located in the western Pacific area where volcanic activity,plate subduction,and seismic activity are very active.The Sulawesi basin formed during the Middle Eocene-Late Eocene and nearly half of the Eocene oceanic crust has subducted below the North Sulawesi Trench.The Sulawesi Island was spliced and finalized in the Early Pliocene-Pleistocene during volcanic activity and is recently very active.This area is an optimal location to study volcanic geothermal conditions and subduction initiation mechanisms in the southern part of the western Pacific plate margin,which are important in geothermal and geodynamic research.In this study,we combined 133 heat flow data with gravity and magnetic data to calculate the Moho structure and Curie point depth of the Sulawesi Sea and periphery of the Sulawesi Island,and analyze the distribution characteristics of the geothermal gradient and thermal conductivity.The results show that the average depths of the Moho and Curie surfaces in this area are 18.4 and 14.3 km,respectively,which is consistent with the crustal velocity layer structure in the Sulawesi Basin previously determined by seismic refraction.The average geothermal gradient is 4.96°C(100 m)-1.The oceanic area shows a high geothermal gradient and low thermal conductivity,whereas the land area shows a low geothermal gradient and high thermal conductivity,both of which are consistent with statistical results of the geothermal gradient at the measured heat flow points.The highest geothermal gradient zone occurs in the transition zone from the Sulawesi Sea to Sulawesi Island,corresponding to the spreading ridge of the southward-moving Sulawesi Basin.Comprehensive gravity,magnetic,and geothermal studies have shown a high crustal geothermal gradient in the study area,which is conducive to the subduction initiation.The northern part of the Palu-koro fault on the western side of Sulawesi is likely the location where subduction initiation is occurring.During the process of moving northwest,the northern and eastern branches of Sulawesi Island have different speeds;the former is slow and the latter is fast.These branches also show different deep tectonic dynamic directions;the northern branch tilts north-up and the eastern branch tilts north-down. 相似文献
19.
P. Di Girolamo 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1978,41(3):229-250
The volcanic rocks along the south-eastern and eastern Tyrrhenian border of Italy have been classified as converging plate margin magma types by using discriminant functions based on major element patterns. These rocks belong to calc-alkaline and shoshonitic associations (shoshonites, and predominant leucitic rocks) ranging in age from Upper Miocene to, mostly, Quaternary. According to the same method of classification, the remaining Italian volcanic rocks — alkali-sodic and subordinate tholeiitic basalts — around the Tyrrhenian border are found to be rocks of the tensional type of Mesozoic to prevailingly Quaternary age. The volcanic materials of the 650 km long SE and E Tyrrhenian border can be related to the convergence of the African-Adriatic and Tyrrhenian plates. 相似文献
20.
XIAO-DONG ZHANG 《地震学报(英文版)》1999,12(1):109-116
This thesis lists and describes 6 pairs of tectonic events, i.e., historical volcanic eruptions associated with historical strong earthquakes, based on the analysis for the records of historical volcanic eruptions and historical strong earthquakes in China and its adjacent region since the first record. And discusses the relationship between historical eruptions and strong earthquakes by means of analyzing the characteristics of tectonic events themselves, plate movement, regional seismicity, and regional stress environment in China and its adjacent region. 相似文献