共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
2010年唐山矿井水位上升速率明显加快,上升幅度明显高于往年同期。本文从地下水动力学和荷载效应角度,利用抽（注）水试验模型和均布荷载下半无限大的弹性空间理论模型,分析井孔附近楼盘施工注浆及建成后荷载作用对井水位的影响。结果表明,距井孔200～700m范围内注浆,每天注浆2500 m3,注浆270d,能引起井水位上升8～11m的变化;大面积的楼盘荷载作用可以引起井水位上升约4m的变化。通过对这些影响因素的分析,认为唐山矿井水位的上升异常与楼盘施工注浆及建成后的荷载作用有一定的相关性。 相似文献
2.
尼泊尔MS8.1地震引起中国大陆大量地震观测井水位和水温的同震响应. 从宏观结果看, 在54个同时存在水位和水温同震效应的观测井中, 有51口观测井的变化类型为水位上升-水温上升、 水位下降-水温下降、 水位振荡-水温上升或下降(以下降为主), 井水位与井水温同震效应表现出良好的相关性, 这可能与地下水动力学作用有关; 有3口观测井的水位变化与水温变化方向相反, 且水温变化均为震后效应. 另外, 有1口观测井水位无变化而水温同震效应明显. 这些不同类型的同震变化与井孔条件、 水温梯度、 传感器位置及水位埋深等多种因素有关. 从微观结果看, 井水位同震效应出现的时间及变化幅度与井水温同震效应出现的时间及变化幅度之间的关联性比较复杂, 这与井孔条件和温度梯度等因素有关. 相似文献
3.
2017年8月中旬至11月底琼海加积井水位水温同步大幅上升后至今呈转平形态的异常现象,通过开展井孔周边环境干扰的调查、井孔水体化学组分的分析、井孔构造的影响分析、周边观测井水位水温资料的对比分析以及区域构造活动的分析等工作,认为加积井水位水温的大幅上升后转平的现象非地球物理异常,推测原因应是观测段内深部含水层水补给量的增大上涌导致观测井水位水温同步上升,之后逐渐达到平衡,转而在高值的水平上呈平稳形态。而深部含水层水量补给增大的来源可能是观测井深110m以下至井底观测段内含水带揭露处井壁坍塌渗漏所致;也可能是其他的干扰所致,但具体的干扰源还有待继续核实。 相似文献
4.
2011年3月11日的日本Mw9.0地震在中国引起了大范围的井水温度同震变化,而水温震后持续变化的井孔多数分布在井网密度较大、距震中较近的环渤海地区。本文分析了环渤海地区水温震后变化的特征和机理。结果表明,水温震后变化形态为上升,变幅0. 005~0.976°C,空间分布在同震位移较大、张性应变较明显和地震能量密度较大的区域;依据同井水位资料,一些井孔的水温和水位震后变化特征较一致,其水温震后升高可能是地震波增大含水层渗透性的结果;另一些井孔的水位震后变化不显著,其水温震后升高可能与地震波增大井区大地热流有关。 相似文献
5.
建水地下流体监测井水位骤降异常分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2012年2月底至4月上旬,建水县地下流体监测站监测井水位出现了幅度近8m的显著下降变化.通过对该监测井与石屏—建水断裂带观测井同期水位进行对比分析,排除了监测井水位骤降异常是由构造活动引起的可能性.同时,调查了周边的抽水井,运用水文地质分析方法,结合当地水文地质情况,确定该监测井水位骤降异常是由附近的井孔抽水引起.充分了解当地的水文地质情况,根据地下水的运移规律,结合实地调查,可以对地下水异常给出相对合理的解释,并进一步判断地下水异常是否是构造活动引起的地震异常. 相似文献
6.
应用井孔-裂隙、微裂隙(孔隙)水流交换产生的潮汐水位-固体潮的位相差和振幅变化理论,结合井水位变化,分析小江断裂带中段和南段的形变特征.裂隙承压含水层条件下,地震波和构造应力引起的形变能够引起潮汐水位分波位相差和振幅的变化.地震波引起含水层与井孔之间水流交换增大,疏通裂隙而使渗透率增大,震后井水位潮汐分波相位差提前,其后裂隙内沉积物重新堵塞裂隙,渗透率降低,位相差逐渐下降.位相差的长期趋势性变化反映出含水层在构造应力作用下的应变信息.小江断裂带中段和南段形变变化不同.断裂带中段地区,观测井位相差和振幅趋势性下降,表明该区段不仅有走滑特性,并且具有挤压特征.小江断裂带与红河断裂带交会地区观测井振幅和位相差稳定,表明该区域没有受到明显的挤压,形变不明显. 相似文献
7.
应力、应变或地震活动会打破地壳中流体原有的水-岩平衡状态,引起地下流体化学组分和同位素的变化。根据河北何家庄流体观测井氢氧同位素和离子化学组分测试结果,分析了该井的地球化学特征及与构造活动的关系。由氢氧同位素结果及高程效应,判定井水来源主要为大气降水,大气降水沿断裂裂隙渗入,深循环后温度增加,经溶滤作用等形成热水;按照舒卡列夫分类法,何家庄井水为Cl-Na.Ca型。受2015年9月14日昌黎M4.2地震的影响,区域应力变化使井孔断裂岩石裂隙增大,深部热水上涌,引起何家庄井水离子组分和氢氧同位素组成等发生变化。研究结果表明,对何家庄井流体地球化学特征进行分析,可以为井孔附近断裂构造活动和地震前兆异常分析提供地球化学依据。 相似文献
8.
本文对澜沧—耿马大震周围井孔水位记录曲线及数据进行了有关处理和分析,结果认为:①思茅井、景谷井水位微形态有四种类型,其中阶变形态和不规则形态有一定前兆意义;②水位后半日波峰时变化对大震有异常反映,波幅异常意义较小;③大震前近场井水位潮汐波因子有较明显的异常。 相似文献
9.
10.
为判别江苏睢宁苏02、03井静水位2014年7月下旬至2021年出现的同步转折上升异常变化是否为地震前兆异常，本研究通过开展降雨量影响分析、井孔含水层系统应力状态分析、井孔水及周边地表水化学组分的分析以及井孔周边地下水开采情况调查等工作，认为苏02、03井水位异常受应力变化影响的可能性较小，受环境因素干扰的可能性较大。为定性分析环境因素的影响，建立合理多元线性逐步回归模型，对2口井2008—2021年地下水位和降雨量、地下水开采量进行对比分析，全面考虑了影响地下水位动态变化的因素，得出最优回归方程。结果表明，前2年和前1年地下水开采量对地下水位有显著影响，而降雨量及当年地下水开采量对地下水位无显著影响，水位上升变化滞后于地下水开采量减少。 相似文献
11.
12.
本文以陕西地震台网2009年1月—2014年4月地震观测报告数据为基础，并在前人对该区域地壳速度模型研究成果的基础上，依据地震、爆破及塌陷的震相速度拟合曲线与折合走时曲线等结果，确定初始模型及扰动范围。再采用Hyposat定位程序对地震资料进行“试错”，最终确定了可供台网日常使用的地壳速度模型及各层的波速比结果，最后对模型进行了对比检验。结果表明:2015模型比1985模型的定位走时残差小，震中位置偏差减小，确定的实测爆破地震位置参数更准确。2015模型较1985模型更符合陕西地区的地质构造特征。 相似文献
13.
地震学模式经过历史建构后，并没有终结我们对种类繁多、特性各异的地震的认识。本文从“建构”与“重新建构”的辩证关系入手，以地震学模式的“静态特性”和动态特性”为讨论基础，结合地震学长久的经验和理论发展，从四个方面探讨了地震学模式的重新建构：从“个体模式”到“群体模式”、“统一模式──多元模式──新的统一模式”、从“经验模式”到“理论模式”、同一问题的多元模式解以及模式重建的两种主要方式。文章同时还归纳总结了“建构”与“重新建构”中存在的主要问题并提出富有建设性的设想。 相似文献
14.
Hydrological models at a monthly time‐scale are important tools for hydrological analysis, such as in impact assessment of climate change and regional water resources planning. Traditionally, monthly models adopt a conceptual, lumped‐parameter approach and cannot account for spatial variations of basin characteristics and climatic inputs. A large requirement for data often severely limits the utility of physically based, distributed‐parameter models. Based on the variable‐source‐area concept, we considered basin topography and rainfall to be two major factors whose spatial variations play a dominant role in runoff generation and developed a monthly model that is able to account for their influences in the spatial and temporal dynamics of water balance. As a hybrid of the Xinanjiang model and TOPMODEL, the new model is constructed by innovatively making use of the highly acclaimed simulation techniques in the two existing models. A major contribution of this model development study is to adopt the technique of implicit representation of soil moisture characteristics in the Xinanjiang model and use the TOPMODEL concept to integrate terrain variations into runoff simulation. Specifically, the TOPMODEL topographic index ln(a/tanβ) is converted into an index of relative difficulty in runoff generation (IRDG) and then the cumulative frequency distribution of IRDG is used to substitute the parabolic curve, which represents the spatial variation of soil storage capacity in the Xinanjiang model. Digital elevation model data play a key role in the modelling procedures on a geographical information system platform, including basin segmentation, estimation of rainfall for each sub‐basin and computation of terrain characteristics. Other monthly data for model calibration and validation are rainfall, pan evaporation and runoff. The new model has only three parameters to be estimated, i.e. watershed‐average field capacity WM, pan coefficient η and runoff generation coefficient α. Sensitivity analysis demonstrates that runoff is least sensitive to WM and, therefore, it can be determined by a prior estimation based on the climate and soil properties of the study basin. The other two parameters can be determined using optimization methods. Model testing was carried out in a number of nested sub‐basins of two watersheds (Yuanjiang River and Dongjiang River) in the humid region in central and southern China. Simulation results show that the model is capable of describing spatial and temporal variations of water balance components, including soil moisture content, evapotranspiration and runoff, over the watershed. With a minimal requirement for input data and parameterization, this terrain‐based distributed model is a valuable contribution to the ever‐advancing technology of hydrological modelling. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
The effect of forcing and landscape distribution on performance and consistency of model structures 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 It is often challenging to determine the appropriate level of spatial model forcing and model distribution in conceptual rainfall‐runoff modelling. This paper compares the value of incorporating both spatially distributed forcing data and spatially distributed model conceptualisations based on landscape heterogeneity, applied to the Ourthe catchment in Belgium. Distributed forcing data were used to create a spatial distribution of model states. Eight different configurations were tested: a lumped and distributed model structure, each with four levels of model state distribution. The results show that in the study catchment the distributed model structure can in general better reproduce the dynamics of the hydrograph, and furthermore, that the differences in performance and consistency between calibration and validation are smallest for the distributed model structure with distributed model states. For the Ourthe catchment, it can be concluded that the positive effect of incorporating a distributed model structure is larger than that of incorporating distributed model states. Distribution of model structure increases both model performance and consistency. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
17.
Computation and analysis of the geomagnetic field model in China and its adjacent area for 2003 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on the geomagnetic data at 135 stations and 35 observatories in China in 2003, the Taylor polynomial model and the spherical cap harmonic model in China and its adjacent area for 2003 were established. In the model calculation, the truncation order of the model and the influences of the boundary restriction on the model calculation were carefully analyzed. The results show that the geomagnetic data used are precise and reliable, and the selection of the truncation order is reasonable. The Taylor polynomial model and the spherical cap harmonic model in China and its adjacent area established in this paper are consistent very well. 相似文献
18.
In this paper, a global inversion method is developed for seismic moment tensor inversion by using the body wave forms. The
algorithm depends on neither the selection of starting model nor the forms of objective function and constraints. When the
error function, measure of the difference between the observed and synthetic waveforms, is chosen as the objective function,
the best fitting source model is found; when a certain combination in seismic moment tensor elements is selected as the objective
function and the values of error function are constrained in a suitable bound, the extreme source models can be produced by
minimizing or maximizing this combination. By changing the form of the combination of moment tensor elements, a variety of
different source characteristics can be considered. Therefore the extreme solution provides an estimation of the uncertainty
in the best fitting source model. The seismic waveform data was used to evaluate the effectiveness of this algorithm.
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. 相似文献
19.