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本文应用2013年芦山MS7.0与岷县漳县MS6.6地震震中周围的平凉等3个地电场台站观测数据,研究地震发生前后地电场在时间域、频率域内的变化。结果表明:1在芦山地震、岷县漳县地震前,位于青藏高原东北缘的平凉台记录到显著的地电场异常变化。2利用最大熵谱估计方法计算平凉、松山、古丰台在芦山地震以及岷县漳县地震发生前后地电场观测数据,得到在上述两次地震前均发生地电场功率谱密度(特别是低于4×10-3 Hz频段的成分)增大的现象,岷县漳县地震发生后,部分测向谱密度增大现象消失。3距离震源区越近,地震发生前后功率谱密度异常变化越明显,长短极距相关性越差,初步分析认为此现象的发生,可能是由于在震源孕育、发生过程中,台站所在位置地下介质形变激发宏观电磁辐射造成的。 相似文献
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应用四川芦山MS7.0和汶川MS8.0震中周围部分地电场观测台站的资料,主要利用地电场波形比较和极化方位变化两种方法,并结合观测台站的工作日志,对两次地震前地电场观测资料进行了分析研究,并得出:芦山MS7.0和汶川MS8.0地震前部分台站地电场波形出现变异现象,主要表现为两种形式:日变波形的畸变(如盐源台和泸沽湖台)和相应时段地电场频谱特性出现变化,这些变异基本上出现在震前1~2个月内;利用两次地震前地电场观测的日均值计算了部分观测台站的地电场极化方位,发现在震前地电场的极化方位出现了大幅变化,最大变化幅度达160°,最小变化幅度也有10°;初步研究还发现,两次地震前夕,震中周围部分台站极化方位的正向或反向延长线,相汇集的区域与地震的震中有一定联系;对于研究所得结果,从地震电信号的产生机制和震源特性方面进行了尝试性理论解释. 相似文献
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应用2013年甘肃岷县漳县M_s6.6地震前263天及震后9天的平凉台观测数据研究了该台地电场在时间域、频率域内的变化,得到:(1)在岷县漳县M_s6.6地震以及在2013年四川芦山M_s7.0地震前平凉台地电场观测记录了显著的自然电场变化,在近距离的岷县漳县地震前自然电场变化更显著,异常变化的持续时间长;(2)平凉台地电场最大熵功率谱密度在4月20日四川芦山地震前发生连续增大的现象,并持续到甘肃岷县漳县地震后。最后讨论了本次地震地电场极低频成分异常变化的机理。 相似文献
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《地震》2015,(4)
应用四川芦山MS7.0和甘肃岷县漳县MS6.6地震震中周围部分电磁扰动观测台站资料,主要利用电磁扰动原始波形比较以及电磁脉冲能量分析两种方法,对两次地震前电磁扰动观测资料进行分析研究。结果表明:1两次地震前4个电磁扰动台站原始曲线出现异常变化,主要表现形式为观测值脉冲信号频繁突跳、增大以及震前波形畸变、反复出现阶跃;2两次地震前,电磁扰动台站都记录到了明显的脉冲能量增大的异常现象,主要异常出现的时间在几天~2个多月;3电场分量和磁场分量都在地震前记录到了异常变化,但反映出的异常时间及变化幅度不同步。对于研究所得结果,从地震电磁辐射的产生机制方面进行了尝试性的理论解释。 相似文献
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芦山MS7.0地震前的电磁异常信号 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对南北地震带18个地电场及电磁扰动观测台站进行了跟踪与研究, 2013年4月20日四川芦山MS7.0地震前只有其中5个台站观测到了异常电磁信号. 研究表明, 地震前的这些异常信号时空分布非常不均匀. 在时间上表现出震前电磁异常信号在出现的台站上不是同步的, 且随着时间的推移有向震中方向迁移的趋势; 在空间上体现在成都以北的台站都没有记录到震前电磁异常信号, 主要出现在成都及其以南的一些台站. 芦山MS7.0地震前地震电磁信号出现的最早时间是震前21天, 其次是震前16天; 临震时间则为震前5天、 4天和1天. 通过接地极注入地下的大电流以及以往的震例分析, 认为仙女山台是又一个比较突出的电磁信号观测的敏感点. 相似文献
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随着地电场观测技术的不断提高, 高采样率的观测资料中蕴含着丰富的与地下构造活动有关的信息, 如何从高采样率的观测资料中提取有效的地震前兆异常, 是目前地震电磁学科分析人员最为关注的问题之一。 本文利用概率密度分布方法, 分析了2013年芦山MS7.0地震和岷县漳县MS6.6地震震中周围9个地电场台站的观测数据, 分析得到: 在芦山地震和岷县漳县地震前, 平凉台、 古丰台和松山台出现高频异常信息, 地电场干扰增强。 据此分析, 初步研究认为概率密度分布法是一种有效的地电场高频异常信息提取方法。 相似文献
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大地电场观测地震前兆异常提取技术研究 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
首都圈地区布设的11个地电场观测台于2001年9月已正式投入观测,现已积累了近7年的资料．使用大地电场观测系统中同一测向的长、短极距测值的比值方法,对其中的10个台和邻区2个台的资料进行了处理,发现该方法能够较好地排除来自大地电场及自然电场远场的变化信息,突出了可识别的地震前兆异常信息．研究结果表明,2006年7月4日河北文安MS5.1震前,多数台站的地电场观测资料出现比值异常变化,从而证明了这次地震前地电场观测存在着短临异常前兆变化信息,只是由于这些信息混杂于正常大地电场变化的背景中,使用常规的分析方法无法识别和提取．研究结果还表明,地电场观测的台址条件和台址到震中区的距离与震前地电场比值异常出现的时间和幅度有关． 相似文献
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利用宝兴川42井2006年以来的水位观测资料,分析了该井水位在2013年4月20日芦山MS7.0地震前的变化特征。结果显示,川42井水位在芦山MS7.0地震前的2012~2013年年初出现了大幅度、快速度的下降和上升变化,这种变化反应了芦山地震前孕震区的应力变化过程,是芦山地震的前兆异常信息。 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献