共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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截面层次的恢复力模型能兼顾计算精度与计算效率,为此在梁-柱单元中得到了广泛的应用。但目前给定＂轴力-弯矩-曲率＂的截面恢复力模型无法灵活考虑轴力与弯矩的耦合作用;采用屈服面的截面恢复力模型尚未考虑截面强化效应。提出了基于屈服面的截面随动强化恢复力模型及其积分方法,首先依据截面屈服面建立了截面随动强化恢复力模型,然后依托塑性理论,进行截面状态确定和本构关系积分。最后利用所提出的恢复力模型进行了悬臂柱的静力往复分析。结果表明：（1）所选用的截面恢复力模型能很好考虑轴力存在对弯矩的影响;（2）该模型具有随动强化的特性;（3）在精度上接近纤维截面所用的单轴材料随动强化模型。 相似文献
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地震危险性评价中余震活动的影响--以邢台余震区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前通用的地震危险性模型在确定有关地震活动性参数时都强调删除余震,其理由是因为所应用的地震活动模型是泊松模型。但是在现实的地震灾害中,有些是因为余震活动所引起的。忽略余震活动的影响,可能会低估某些区域的地震危险。本文提出考虑余震活动的地震危险性分析模型,并从此模型出发,以邢台地震为例,对余震区内、余震区边界和余震区外等场点计算了考虑余震活动的地震危险性结果,同时,在原有模型的基础上,只改变余震区所处的潜在震源区的地震年发生率,计算相同场点的地震危险性结果,并把这两个结果与不考虑余震活动的结果进行比较,在此基础上讨论在某些区域考虑余震活动的必要性。 相似文献
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行播作物热辐射方向性孔隙率模型 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
行播作物是介于离散植被和连续植被的一种典型植被类型,Kimes等人从纯几何光学角度研究了行结构的热辐射方向性,但视行结构为“箱型”实体,不考虑作物组分间的孔隙因素与大气下行辐射效应.在太阳光照方向和观测方向上同时考虑了作物间的孔隙率因素,根据离散植被孔隙率模型和连续植被的交相关概率思想,分别从行结构中的无遮挡、单向投影和双向重叠投影3个方面出发,建立行结构孔隙率模型.模型应用体系总有效发射率概念,解决了不同天顶角时非同温目标的环境辐射效应计算问题.经与实际观测结果对比,孔隙率模型比Kimes模型能更准确地描述行结构热辐射方向性.由于考虑了光照方向和观测方向的交相关关系,孔隙率模型可以解释热辐射中的热点现象. 相似文献
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为模拟钢框架结构的典型震害,本文基于ANSYS软件建立了钢框架结构简化模型。该模型可以考虑楼板对钢框架结构整体性能的影响,并且进一步考虑了楼板与钢梁之间的滑移、节点域变形,以及梁柱节点焊缝的断裂等因素。应用本文建立的钢框架结构模型对北岭地震中Blue Cross大厦的震害进行了模拟,与实际震害对比的结果表明,该模型能够比较精确地模拟地震作用下钢框架结构的响应。钢框架结构模型对节点焊缝断裂的钢框架结构震害研究有着重要的意义。 相似文献
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着重于序列衰减与余震激发,系统介绍了修改的大森公式、ETAS模型及BASS模型的最新理论研究进展及应用成果。修改的大森公式是迄今为止对序列衰减的最好描述,据此可对序列衰减特征进行定量表述。大森公式本质上是一种典型的现象统计模型,但由于其参数少、计算简单,并且确实能够反映序列衰减的总体特征,因而在实际中应用广泛。ETAS模型考虑了具有统计自相似特征的次级余震激发问题,次级余震激发强度与父地震强度有关,这在物理过程方面对大森公式进行了大大的拓展。由于考虑了次级余震的激发问题,ETAS模型不但在余震序列研究方面比修改的大森公式有了明显的进展,而且在诸如平静检测、余震群集剔除、背景地震活动评估、外因触发地震活动检测等方面也有诸多应用。BASS模型遵循修改的Bath定律,而ETAS模型遵循的是与父地震震级有关的相似率,这是BASS模型与ETAS模型的最大区别,因而相对ETAS模型而言,BASS模型是一种完全自相似的理想化模型,但目前基于BASS模型的应用研究尚不多见 相似文献
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本文首先分析了铅芯橡胶支座的力学性能,并结合一个实际工程,用大型通用结构分析程序ANSYS进行时程分析,通过对比考虑和不考虑铅芯橡胶支座恢复力耦合作用的连续梁桥模型的自振周期和最大剪力、弯矩,结果证明铅芯橡胶支座具有良好的减震、隔震性能。本文的计算结果为铅芯橡胶支座在连续梁桥的应用和设计提供了参考。 相似文献
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提出了一种改进的考虑非线性场地效应的概率地震危险性分析方法。文中应用实例展示了考虑吉尔罗伊2号场地土层非线性效应的危险性曲线。在卡拉韦拉斯断层上指定了震源参数和地震发生模型,假设该断层为影响该场地的主要震源。采用3次地震的记录经NONLI3程序(可计算土层对强地面运动的非线性响应)建立了该处地表和基岩加速度之间的关系。对一定的基岩运动,估算出的地面峰值加速度(PGA)标准误差的不同值可作敏感性分析。实例研究中包括一个可替换的非线性关系。除了非线性模型,在吉尔罗伊2号场地上的相同土壤剖面也采用了线性响应模型。结果显示,危险性曲线对估算的该处地表加速度峰值的标准误差非常敏感。如果对场地土壤的非线性程度考虑不足,危险性曲线将严重失真。得自回归分析的可替换的非线性模型和线性响应模型在考虑非线性场地效应的危险性评估时是不适用的。 相似文献
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Fragility curves constitute the cornerstone in seismic risk evaluations and performance-based earthquake engineering. They describe the probability of a structure to experience a certain damage level for a given earthquake intensity measure, providing a relationship between seismic hazard and vulnerability. In this paper a numerical approach is applied to derive fragility curves for tunnel shafts built in clays, a component that is found in several critical infrastructure such as urban metro networks, airport facilities or water and waste water projects. The seismic response of a representative tunnel shaft is assessed using tridimensional finite difference non-linear analyses carried out with the program FLAC3D, under increasing levels of seismic intensity. A hysteretic model is used to simulate the soil non-linear behavior during the seismic event. The effect of soil conditions and ground motion characteristics on the soil-structure system response is accounted for in the analyses. The damage is defined based on the exceedance of the concrete wall shaft capacity due to the developed seismic forces. The fragility curves are estimated in terms of peak ground acceleration at a rock or stiff soil outcrop, based on the evolution of damage with increasing earthquake intensity. The proposed fragility models allows the characterization of the seismic risk of a representative tunnel shaft typology and soil conditions considering the associated uncertainties, and partially fill the gap of data required in performing a risk analysis assessment of tunnels shafts. 相似文献
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How to improve the representation of hydrological processes in SWAT for a lowland catchment – temporal analysis of parameter sensitivity and model performance 
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下载免费PDF全文 Model diagnostic analyses help to improve the understanding of hydrological processes and their representation in hydrological models. A detailed temporal analysis detects periods of poor model performance and model components with potential for model improvements, which cannot be found by analysing the whole discharge time series. In this study, we aim to improve the understanding of hydrological processes by investigating the temporal dynamics of parameter sensitivity and of model performance for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model applied to the Treene lowland catchment in Northern Germany. The temporal analysis shows that the parameter sensitivity varies temporally with high sensitivity for three groundwater parameters (groundwater time delay, baseflow recession constant and aquifer fraction coefficient) and one evaporation parameter (soil evaporation compensation factor). Whereas the soil evaporation compensation factor dominates in baseflow and resaturation periods, groundwater time delay, baseflow recession constant and aquifer fraction coefficient are dominant in the peak and recession phases. The temporal analysis of model performance identifies three clusters with different model performances, which can be related to different phases of the hydrograph. The lowest performance, when comparing six performance measures, is detected for the baseflow cluster. A spatially distributed analysis for six hydrological stations within the Treene catchment shows similar results for all stations. The linkage of periods with poor model performance to the dominant model components in these phases and with the related hydrological processes shows that the groundwater module has the highest potential for improvement. This temporal diagnostic analysis enhances the understanding of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model and of the dominant hydrological processes in the lowland catchment. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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高精度频率衰减分析技术及其应用(英文) 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本文从含流体孔隙介质中的地震波场的衰减理论出发,对常规的频率衰减分析技术中的"低频阴影"和"频率衰减梯度"分析方法进行了改进,提出了一种高精度的频率衰减分析技术。首先,通过引入三参数小波变换和时频聚焦准则,发展了一种基于自适应三参数小波变换的高精度时频分析方法,其不仅具有很高的时—频分辨率(有利于"低频阴影"分析),而且其频谱只有一个峰,旁瓣比较小(有利于"频率衰减梯度"分析)。其次,采用基于最小二乘法的Nelder-Mead非线性算法对频谱的衰减部分进行拟合计算,可以准确地计算衰减系数,提高了"频率衰减梯度"的计算精度。实际资料的计算结果表明,本文提出的综合"低频阴影"和"频率衰减梯度"方法的频率衰减分析技术能够有效地圈定碳酸盐岩鲕滩储层的发育区域,且两种方法具有很好的一致性,有效地提高了储层预测的可靠性,从而降低了勘探风险。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTAn adaptive multilevel correlation analysis, a kind of data-driven methodology, is proposed. The analysis is done by subdividing the time series into segments such that adjacent segments have significantly different mean values. It is shown that the proposed methodology can provide multilevel information about the correlation between two variables. An integrated coefficient with its significance testing is also proposed to summarize the correlation at each level. Using the adaptive multilevel correlation analysis methodology, the correlation between streamflow and water level is investigated for a case study, and the results indicate that real correlation might be far more complicated than the empirically constructed picture.
EDITOR D. Koutsoyiannis ASSOCIATE EDITOR E. Volpi 相似文献
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对白银形变观测站2008年以来观测资料的运行、变化和噪声水平做初步分析,结果表明：DSQ 型水管倾斜仪观测资料连续、稳定、可靠具有明确的正常背景---夏高冬低,为今后地震前兆异常的判断打下基础;水管倾斜仪 EW 分量在2013年7月22日 MS 6．6地震前出现破年变变化,说明白银地震台水管倾斜仪具有一定的地震前兆异常监测能力。 相似文献
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Analysis of data characterizing the chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation was presented, with an emphasis on components responsible for neutralization of rain acidity. For this purpose, chemometric methods were applied. Based on a principal component analysis (PCA) a strong correlation between precipitation pH and potassium and ammonium ions in the heating period (October–March) and potassium and sodium ions in the non‐heating period (April–September) was observed. Additionally, a classification of eight variables, i.e., Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, , , Cl?, and according to their similarities was made using a cluster analysis. Based on this study, two ions, potassium and ammonium, together with the pH value were classified into one group (cluster) in the heating period while in the non‐heating period ions of potassium and sodium were clustered together with the pH. The results of the cluster analysis indicated that the selected ions contributed the most to the neutralization of the atmospheric precipitation acidity. This relationship was confirmed by a discriminant analysis in which potassium and ammonium ions were selected as components of the highest potential for precipitation classification according to its acidity degree. The relationship between the precipitation pH and the number of non‐precipitation days preceding the precipitation was also analyzed. It was found that although the observed an increase of the pH value was not very high, nevertheless, the effect of the duration of the period preceding the precipitation on the pH value recorded on the day of the precipitation occurrence was quite evident. 相似文献
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Spectral analysis of climate data 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The complexity of climate variability on all time scales requires the use of several refined tools to unravel its primary dynamics from observations. Indeed, ideas from the theory of dynamical systems have provided new ways of interpreting the information contained in climatic time series.We review the properties of several modern time series analysis methods. Those methods belong to four main classes: Fourier techniques (Blackman-Tukey and Multi-Taper), Maximum Entropy technique, Singular-spectrum techniques and wavelet analysis. Their respective advantages and limitations are illustrated by numerical experiments on synthetic time series. As climate data can be irregularly spaced in time, we also compare three interpolating methods on those time series. Those tests are aimed at showing the pitfalls of the blind use of mathematical or statistical techniques on climate data.We apply those methods to real climatic data from temperature variations over the last century, and the Vostok ice core deuterium record over the last glacial cycle. Then we show how interpretations on the dynamics of climate can be derived on those time scales. 相似文献
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概述四川7.0级以上大震前观测场地的异常情况。在核实2个大震震前异常的基础上,将传统异常判别方法进行汇总。总结近年来针对跨断层监测数据进行分析进而识别异常的方法:原始数据反映的断层活动速率异常以及转折异常。在此基础上,引入小波分析的方法对大震前的异常进行判别。对小波分解得到的两个趋势项进行分析,发现了大震与小波分解项异常的对应性。最后,基于对原始数据和小波分解项的分析,提出利用跨断层数据分析大震前兆的参考意见,为以后的震前异常研究工作提供了基础。 相似文献
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Because it can be carried by flowing water, a sand/gravel pit on the river bed could migrate downstream. Consequently, the presence of pits on river beds could pose a safety threat to in-stream hydraulic structures such as bridge piers. A pit migration model can be used to predict progressive changes of pit geometry as it migrates downstream. However, due to the existence of many uncertainties, the maximum pit depth cannot be predicted with certainty. This paper adopted a simple pit migration model and evaluated the uncertainty associated with the calculated maximum pit depth. Such information is essential for evaluating the probability that a migrating pit could pose a safety threat to a downstream hydraulic structure. Three reliability analysis techniques were applied and their performances were compared. 相似文献