共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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利用ALOS全色、ASTER多光谱遥感影像和SRTM数字高程模型数据解译,并结合野外地质调查和实时差分GPS测量,对龙陵-瑞丽断裂带晚第四纪活动的构造地貌和地质特征进行了研究。综合遥感解译、构造地貌和地震地质调查的结果认为,龙陵-瑞丽断裂带是一条以左旋走滑作用为主的断裂,在晚第四纪具有一定的活动性;并确定了龙陵-瑞丽断裂带各活动段落的空间分布情况。选取朱家寨一带开展了探槽挖掘工作。探槽很好地揭露了基岩中发育的新鲜断层面和晚第四纪冲洪积层,但是未发现断层错动晚第四纪沉积物的迹象。采集了冲洪积层底部的植物化石进行了14C测年,结果为（1150±30）a BP。据此推测,从距今1150年以来,龙陵-瑞丽断裂带活动断层在北段未再发生过破坏性古地震事件。综合分析1976年龙陵地震的发震特点,认为1976年发生在龙陵的大地震未发生在龙陵-瑞丽断裂带上,其震源机制解和余震分布特征表明地震活动与NNW向展布的新生断裂带活动有关,这很有可能造成了NE向龙陵-瑞丽断裂带晚第四纪构造活动性减弱。 相似文献
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阿拉善地块南缘地处青藏高原东北缘地壳扩展前锋带的北侧,对该地区活动断裂晚第四纪的运动性质、滑动速率等开展研究,有助于理解阿拉善地块的晚第四纪构造变形特征及其对青藏高原向N扩展的响应。文中结合遥感影像解译与野外地质地貌考察,对阿拉善地块南缘的北大山断裂进行了分段和活动性研究。结果表明,北大山断裂左旋走滑断错晚第四纪洪积扇和阶地等地貌,形成显著的位错阶地坎、冲沟以及断层陡坎。通过对断错地貌线等标志的测量、复原、统计分析等,发现断裂的地貌位移值分布于3～20m,发育新鲜断层自由面的断层陡坎和左旋错动的纹沟指示了断层的最新一次活动。基于同期洪积扇年龄估算得到北大山断裂晚更新世以来的左旋滑动速率为0.3～0.6mm/a。北大山断裂的运动学特征与区域NE向应力场一致,可能受到了青藏高原NE向扩展的影响。 相似文献
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《地震地质》2021,43(3)
苏典断裂呈近SN向延伸,跨越中缅边境,长约100km,历史上沿断裂多有地震发生。但受交通、气候等因素制约,长期以来有关断裂的晚第四纪活动性几乎没有研究。据野外地质地貌调查、探槽和年代学测试结果,文中对此断裂的晚第四纪运动特征、最新活动时代进行分析。苏典断裂的新构造活动明显,沿断裂发育有苏典、勐典、黄草坝、陇中等串珠状第四纪盆地,南段户勐一带有多个沸泉和气泉呈线状分布,断裂对腊马河、盏达河具有明显的控制作用,地貌上主要表现为清晰的断层陡坎、平直的线性山脊和断层谷地等地貌。左家坡探槽揭示出3条断层,断错了几乎所有的河流相、洪积相砾石层、砂土层和黏土层等堆积物,地层错距明显,部分层位被截切。在探槽内共获得11个被断错地层的14C年龄数据,年龄结果为(7 680±30)～(350±30) a,充分表明该断裂在全新世有明显活动。晚第四纪苏典断裂表现出右旋走滑运动。勐弄茶厂一带沿断裂发育的3条冲沟发生明显的同步右旋位错,位错量分别为40m、42m和45m。苏典一带勐嘎河被断裂右旋位错1 050～1 100m。苏典北1.7km处一洪积扇被右旋位错18～22m。缅甸撒当盆地内一河流被断裂右旋位错约380m并形成发卡型地貌。受印度板块与欧亚板块持续碰撞的影响,东喜马拉雅构造结外围的青藏高原东南缘的印支块体发生S向逃逸,滇西地区成为青藏高原向S挤出最强烈的部位,在印支块体S向运动过程中,近SN向苏典等断裂的右旋走滑运动起着调节、吸纳块体应变的作用。在NNE构造应力场作用下,近SN向右旋走滑的苏典断裂与NE向左旋走滑的大盈江断裂的交会部位是构造应力易于集中的关键部位,该区是未来需要重点关注的地震危险区。 相似文献
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达尔布特断裂中段构造活动性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了达尔布转断裂中段第四纪沉积物的分布特征，阶地变形，冲洪积扇变形，断层陡坎展布及探槽揭露等方面的内容，认为达尔布特断裂中段的活动以左旋走滑为主，晚更新世晚期以来垂直活动速率在０．０１１ｍｍ／ａ，水平活动速率为０．２０～０．２２ｍｍ／ａ；且至少有２次明显活动，全新世最后１次活动可能为古地震事件，时间距今约４０００～４５００年左右，研究结果表明，达尔布特断裂中段具有发生强烈的构造条件。 相似文献
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博罗可努-阿齐克库都克断裂(博-阿断裂)是中天山与北天山的板块会聚边界,它NW向斜切天山山脉,是一条继承性的右旋走滑活动断层。研究其活动性质、限定其滑动速率有助于理解天山地区晚第四纪构造变形模式、应变速率分配情况及评估区域地震危险性。文中通过卫星遥感影像解译及野外考察,基于地貌面高程、水系密度和切割深度等,将精河东南的冲洪积扇分为4期,由老到新分别命名为Fan1、Fan2、Fan3和Fan4。利用无人机航拍获取断裂附近的高精度影像,并对冲洪积扇上发育的冲沟、阶地陡坎等进行构造地貌解译,发现Fan1、Fan2和Fan3 3期冲洪积扇上发育右旋位错冲沟及断层陡坎。其中,Fan2b、Fan3a和Fan3b上的冲沟最小右旋位错约6m,最大位错分别为(414±10) m、(91±5) m和(39±1) m; Fan2b与Fan3a分界的地貌陡坎被右旋位错(212±11) m。结合前人在天山北麓得到的阶地或冲洪积扇的堆积年龄,并与古里雅冰芯气候曲线进行对比,推测Fan2b、Fan3a和Fan3b 3期冲洪积扇的下切年龄分别为56～64ka、35～41ka和10～14ka。博-阿断裂自冲洪积扇Fan2b、Fan3a和Fan3b形成以来的滑动速率分别为3. 3～3. 7mm/a、2. 2～2. 6mm/a和2. 7～3. 9mm/a,利用蒙特卡洛模拟方法拟合得到晚更新世以来其平均右旋走滑速率为(3. 1±0. 3) mm/a。 相似文献
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《地震地质》2021,(3)
依据山前洪积扇顶部的扇形地形和向下游方向逐渐降低的地形特征,文中首先分析了断层面直立、向河流上游倾斜、向河流下游倾斜3种条件下左旋走滑断层错动在洪积扇顶部形成的断层陡坎的坡向和高度变化。其次,分析了左旋逆走滑断层、左旋正走滑断层在不同断层倾向条件下,断层错动在洪积扇顶部形成的断层陡坎的坡向和高度变化。利用无人机实测地形数据、谷歌卫星影像,结合野外地质地貌调查,发现新疆塔城盆地东缘NE-SW走向的冬别列克断裂近垂直穿过了自SE-NW发育的阿合别斗河。阿合别斗河处洪积扇的中轴线为NW向,坡向朝N,断层活动使其顶部发育了高约5.2m、坡向SE的反向断层陡坎。而在河床左、右两岸各1km之外的山前洪积扇上,断层陡坎为坡向NW的正向断层陡坎,坎高1～5m不等。阿合别斗河左岸T2、右岸T4与左、右两岸T5阶地的左旋水平位错量分别为(10.1±0.2) m、(10.6±0.7) m、(29.1±0.2) m、(20.0±0.7) m,垂直位错量分别为(1.5±0.1) m、(3.6±0.3) m、(4.7±0.2) m、(5.2±0.1) m。野外调查发现2处断层露头,断层面均倾向SE。根据阿合别斗河附近的断错地貌和走滑断层断错地貌模型,认为冬别列克断层在地貌面S1形成后为左旋逆走滑性质,T5阶地面形成后断层的性质转变为左旋正走滑并多次活动,形成了自SW-NE连续分布的正向断层陡坎—无陡坎—反向断层陡坎—无陡坎—正向断层陡坎的地貌现象。 相似文献
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THE LATE QUATERNARY ACTIVITY AND FORMATION MECHANISM OF BAOERTU FAULT ZONE,EASTERN TIANSHAN SEGMENT 
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下载免费PDF全文 REN Guang-xue LI Chuan-you WU Chuan-yong WANG Si-yu ZHANG Hui-ping REN Zhi-kun LI Xin-nan 《地震地质》2019,41(4):856-871
Influenced by the far-field effect of India-Eurasia collision, Tianshan Mountains is one of the most intensely deformed and seismically active intracontinental orogenic belts in Cenozoic. The deformation of Tianshan is not only concentrated on its south and north margins, but also on the interior of the orogen. The deformation of the interior of Tianshan is dominated by NW-trending right-lateral strike-slip faults and ENE-trending left-lateral strike-slip faults. Compared with numerous studies on the south and north margins of Tianshan, little work has been done to quantify the slip rates of faults within the Tianshan Mountains. Therefore, it is a significant approach for geologists to understand the current tectonic deformation style of Tianshan Mountains by studying the late Quaternary deformation characteristics of large fault and fold zones extending through the interior of Tianshan. In this paper, we focus on a large near EW trending fault, the Baoertu Fault (BETF) in the interior of Tianshan, which is a large fault in the eastern Tianshan area with apparent features of deformation, and a boundary fault between the central and southern Tianshan. An MS5.0 earthquake event occurred on BETF, which indicates that this fault is still active. In order to understand the kinematics and obtain the late Quaternary slip rate of BETF, we made a detailed research on its late Quaternary kinematic features based on remote sensing interpretation, drone photography, and field geological and geomorphologic survey, the results show that the BETF is of left-lateral strike-slip with thrust component in late Quaternary. In the northwestern Kumishi basin, BETF sinistrally offsets the late Pleistocene piedmont alluvial fans, forming fault scarps and generating sinistral displacement of gullies and geomorphic surfaces. In the bedrock region west of Benbutu village, BETF cuts through the bedrock and forms the trough valley. Besides, a series of drainages or rivers which cross the fault zone and date from late Pleistocene have been left-laterally offset systematically, resulting in a sinistral displacement ranging 0.93~4.53km. By constructing the digital elevation model (DEM) for the three sites of typical deformed morphologic units, we measured the heights of fault scarps and left-lateral displacements of different gullies forming in different times, and the result shows that BEFT is dominated by left-lateral strike-slip with thrust component. We realign the bended channels across the fault at BET01 site and obtain the largest displacement of 67m. And we propose that the abandon age of the deformed fan is about 120ka according to the features of the fan. Based on the offsets of channels at BET01 and the abandon age of deformed fan, we estimate the slip rate of 0.56mm/a since late Quaternary. The Tianshan Mountains is divided into several sub-blocks by large faults within the orogen. The deformation in the interior of Tianshan can be accommodated or absorbed by relative movement or rotation. The relative movement of the two sub-blocks surrounded by Boa Fault, Kaiduhe Fault and BETF is the dominant cause for the left-lateral movement of BETF. The left-lateral strike-slip with reverse component of BETF in late Quaternary not only accommodates the horizontal stain within eastern Tianshan but also absorbs some SN shortening of the crust. 相似文献
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西秦岭北缘断裂带是青藏高原东北部一条左旋走滑为主的活动断裂带,其在黄香沟一段活动性较强,活动现象典型。对沿断裂带分布的地貌、地质体等晚第四纪位移量的研究表明,在黄香沟一带,断裂晚更新世晚期以来的水平位移量最大为40~60m;最小为6~8m,可能是一次滑动事件的特征位错量。断裂带上的位移具有分组特征,各组位移值之间具有6~8m的稳定增量。位移值的分组性和增量特征反映了该段断裂具有特征地震的活动特征,而7组位错值则反映了断裂7次特征活动事件。关于黄香沟一带与断裂相关的微地貌分析,也获得了大致相对应的事件次数。并由此初步推测,晚更新世晚期以来,该断裂带有过多次强烈活动,活动期次明显 相似文献
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野外调查表明,青海玉树MS7.1地震发生在青藏高原中部甘孜-玉树断裂的玉树段上,在玉树县结古镇至隆宝镇之间产生了一系列包括剪切破裂、张剪切破裂、压剪切破裂、张性破裂及其不连续岩桥区出现的鼓包或陷落坑(拉分盆地)、高寒地区特有的冰裂缝等地表破裂单元,它们斜列组合成整体走向约300°、长约65 km、最大同震左旋位移2.4 m的地表破裂带,具有变形局部化的基本特征.玉树地震地表破裂带整体上可划分为长约15 km的结隆次级地表破裂带和长约31 km的结古次级地表破裂带,两者呈左阶羽列,其间无地表破裂段长约17 km,对应于MW6.4和MW6.9两个次级地震事件.地表破裂类型、基本组合特征等显示出甘孜-玉树断裂两盘块体的运动方式以纯剪切的左旋走滑为主,从一个方面反映了青藏高原物质存在着向东的逃逸和挤出现象. 相似文献
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汶川8.0级地震序列重新定位及其发震构造初探 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
采用双差定位方法对汶川8.0级地震及其2,216次余震进行了重新定位,得到2,061次地震的震源位置,定位结果在水平向和垂直向的估算误差大致为1～2km和2～3km。8.0级主震的震中位置大致为北纬31.00°,东经103.38°,震源深度13km左右,发震构造为龙门山中央断裂。余震震中沿走向分布的总长度为330km左右,震源深度优势分布在3～20km,表现出明显的分段活动特征。南段以龙门山中央断裂活动为主,后山断裂和前山断裂也有地震发生,这3条断裂自西向东倾角似乎逐渐变缓,形成叠瓦状的破裂分布。北段龙门山中央断裂、平武-青川断裂等多条断裂参与了发震过程,地震破裂既有逆冲推覆,也有右旋走滑方式 相似文献
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Our field investigation obtains new evidence of the later Quaternary activity and recent large earthquake ruptures of the Garzê-Yushu fault. The average left-lateral slip-rate along the fault is determined to be (12±2) mm/a for the last 50000 years from both offset landforms and ages of the correlative sediments. This result is very close to the estimated average left-lateral slip-rate for the Xianshuihe fault, suggesting that the horizontal movement along the northern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan active tectonic block and the northeastern boundary of the Qiangtang active tectonic block has been basically harmonious during the later Quaternary period. Remains of ground ruptures of recent large earthquakes have been discovered along all 3 segments of the fault, of which, the 1896 rupture on the northwestern segment is at least 70 km long, and its corresponding earthquake could be of moment magnitude 7.3. The latest rupture on the middle segment of the fault has a length of about 180 km, and was produced by an unknown-age large earthquake that could have a moment magnitude of about 7.7. Along the southeastern segment of the fault, the latest unknown-age rupture is about 65 km long and has a maximum left-lateral coseismic displacement of 5.3 m, and its corresponding earthquake is estimated to be as large as about 7.3 of moment magnitude. Based on relevant investigation, an inference has been drawn that the later two large earthquakes probably occurred in 1854 and 1866, respectively. These demonstrate that the individual segments of the studied Garzê-Yushu fault are all able to produce large earthquakes.
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