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1.
为了研究北京平原区的地壳结构特征、断裂的空间展布、断裂活动性以及深浅构造关系,在北京平原区的南部完成了1条长90 km的深地震反射剖面.探测结果表明,该区地壳以双程反射时间(TWT)6～7 s的强反射带Tc为界分为上地壳和下地壳,上地壳厚约18～19 km,下地壳厚约16～17 km,Moho界面深度约为34～35 km.该区结晶基底起伏变化较大,上、下地壳分界面和Moho界面都是一个具有一定厚度的过渡带.上地壳反射层位丰富,断裂构造发育,构造形态清晰.在夏垫断裂西北,剖面揭示了4～5组能量较强的反射震相,表现为典型的隆起区特征;在夏垫断裂东南,上部为一套向东南倾伏的密集强反射层,下部为一套形态各异、结构复杂的强反射层,这些反射具有典型的沉积盆地特征,盆地最深处约为11 km.剖面揭示的地壳深断裂倾角较陡,向上切穿了上、下地壳分界面,延伸到上地壳沉积盆地的底部,向下切穿了壳幔过渡带,与上部断裂和沉积盆地构成了独特的组合关系. 相似文献
2.
Exploration and Study of Deep Crustal Structure in the Quanzhou Basin and Its Adjacent Area 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhu Jinfang 《中国地震研究》2006,20(3):305-315
INTRODUCTIONQuanzhou Citylocates on the southeast coast of Fujian Province .Tectonically,it locates in thevolcanic fault depression zone in East Fujian betweenthe Wuyi-Daiyunfolded doming-upregion of theSouth China block and the depression zone of the Taiwan Straits . Being on the north segment of thesoutheast seismic belt of China , many destructive earthquakes inthe history affected the area and theregional seismicityis closelyrelated withfaulting.Inthe Quanzhou basin,large-scalelo… 相似文献
3.
Exploration and Research of Deep Crustal Structures in the Zhangzhou Basin and Its Vicinity 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhu Jinfang 《中国地震研究》2006,20(4):412-425
INTRODUCTIONThe Zhangzhou basinislocated onthe southeast coast of Fujian Province .Interms of geotectonicunits ,it lies in the east Fujian volcanic fault-depression zone between the Wuyi-Daiyun mountainupheaval zone and depression zone of Taiwan Straits of the south China block. In terms ofseismotectonics ,it islocatedinthe middle sectionof the southeasterncoastal seismic zone .In history,the area was influenced by repeated destructive earthquakes , and the seismic activity was closely… 相似文献
4.
为了探明南海北部海陆过渡带的深部地壳结构,我们在香港外海域进行了一次海陆地震联洲的实验,利用固定地震台网远距离接收海上气枪信号,接收距离远达200多km,并利用此次实验的测线1剖面模拟得到了海陆过渡带的深部地壳速度结构.速度结构模型表明:研究区海陆过渡带的地壳结构非均匀性较明显,由陆至海沉积层有一个突然增厚的特点;莫霍面深度约为26～29 km,上地壳P波速度约为5.5～6.4 km/s,下地壳P波速度为6.5～6.9 km/s.在担杆列岛往海方向有一个低速破碎带,其上地壳P波速度为5.2～6.1 km/s,下地壳P波速度为6.2～6.4 km/s,结合野外地质调查的结果,推测它可能为滨海断裂带.在担杆列岛往陆方向香港和深圳之间的研究区域,莫霍面有较大起伏,可能与此处发育的海丰断裂有关. 相似文献
5.
采用深、浅地震反射和钻孔地质剖面相结合的探测方法,对太行山东缘汤阴地堑的地壳结构和隐伏活动断裂进行了研究.结果表明,该区地壳厚度约36~42 km,莫霍面从华北平原区向太行山下倾伏.汤阴地堑是一个受汤东断裂控制的半地堑构造,其基底面形态与莫霍面展布呈"镜像"关系.汤东断裂是1条继承性的隐伏活动断裂,该断裂向上错断了埋深约20 m的中更新世晚期地层,向下延伸至上地壳底部.综合分析深地震反射和已有深地震宽角反射/折射剖面结果,发现深地震反射剖面上的中-下地壳强反射层和壳幔过渡带反射,与深地震宽角反射/折射剖面上出现的中-下地壳正负速度梯度变化层有着较好的对应关系,这表明本区中-下地壳和壳幔过渡带可能为一系列速度递变层或高低速物质的互变层,埋深约15~16 km的强反射带为上地壳与中-下地壳的转换带,壳幔过渡带的底界为地壳与地幔的分界.研究结果为深入理解该区的深部动力学过程、分析研究深浅构造关系、评价断裂的活动性提供了依据. 相似文献
6.
《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2017,(3)
The Helan Mountains and Yinchuan Basin(HM-YB) are located at the northern end of the North-South tectonic belt,and form an intraplate tectonic deformation zone in the western margin of the North China Craton(NCC).The HM-YB has a complicated history of formation and evolution,and is tectonically active at the present day.It has played a dominant role in the complex geological structure and modern earthquake activities of the region.A 135-km-long deep seismic reflection profile across the HM-YB was acquired in early 2014,which provides detailed information of the lithospheric structure and faulting characteristics from near-surface to various depths in the region.The results show that the Moho gradually deepens from east to west in the depth range of 40-48 km along the profile.Significant differences are present in the crustal structure of different tectonic units,including in the distribution of seismic velocities,depths of intra-crustal discontinuities and undulation pattern of the Moho.The deep seismic reflection profile further reveals distinct structural characteristics on the opposite sides of the Helan Mountains.To the east,The Yellow River fault,the eastern piedmont fault of the Helan Mountains,as well as multiple buried faults within the Yinchuan Basin are all normal faults and still active since the Quaternary.These faults have controlled the Cenozoic sedimentation of the basin,and display a "negative-flower" structure in the profile.To the west,the Bayanhaote fault and the western piedmont fault of the Helan Mountains are east-dipping thrust faults,which caused folding,thrusting,and structural deformation in the Mesozoic stratum of the Helan Mountains uplift zone.A deep-penetrating fault is identified in the western side of the Yinchuan Basin.It has a steep inclination cutting through the middle-lower crust and the Moho,and may be connected to the two groups of faults in the upper crust.This set of deep and shallow fault system consists of both strike-slip,thrust,and normal faults formed over different eras,and provides the key tectonic conditions for the basin-mountains coupling,crustal deformation and crust-mantle interactions in the region.The other important phenomenon revealed from the results of deep seismic reflection profiling is the presence of a strong upper mantle reflection(UMR) at a depth of 82-92 km beneath the HM-YB,indicating the existence of a rapid velocity variation or a velocity discontinuity in that depth range.This is possibly a sign of vertical structural inhomogeneity in the upper mantle of the region.The seismic results presented here provide new clues and observational bases for further study of the deep structure,structural differences among various blocks and the tectonic relationship between deep and shallow processes in the western NCC. 相似文献
7.
芦山地震发生在龙门山断裂带前缘.关于芦山地震的发震断层,有的认为是前山断裂——双石—大川断裂,有的认为是山前断裂——大邑断裂拟或其他隐伏断裂,发震断裂究竟是哪条断裂以及芦山地震是不是汶川地震的余震?目前仍存在较大争议.震后穿过芦山地震区完成了一条长近40km的深地震反射剖面,以确定芦山地震的发震构造.反射剖面显示浅部褶皱和断裂构造发育,在上地壳存在6条逆冲断裂,下地壳存在一条非常明显的变形转换带,在深度16km左右还存在一个滑脱层,浅部的6条断裂最终都归并到该滑脱层上.参考主余震精定位结果,芦山地震的发震断裂应该是位于双石—大川断裂和大邑断裂之间的隐伏断裂F4,F2和F3断裂受控于发震断裂而活动,形成剖面上"Y"字型余震分布现象.隐伏断裂F4属山前断裂,不是前山断裂,因此芦山地震不是汶川地震的余震. 相似文献
8.
ZHANG Zhongjie BAI Zhiming WANG Chunyong TENG Jiwen Lü Qingtian LI Jiliang LIU Yifeng & LIU Zhenkuan . Institute of Geology Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China . Institute of Geophysics China Seismological Bureau Beijing China . Institute of Deposition Resource Chinese Academy of Geosciences Beijing China . School of Exploration Information China University of Geosciences Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(9):1329-1336
The Sanjiang area in southwest China is considered as a tectonic intersection belt between the Tethys-Alps and the western Pacific, and has endured three-phase evolution processes: Proto-Tethys,Paleo-Tethys and Meso-Tethys[1―4]. In this area, its tectonics and struc- ture are extremely complicated, and intensively extru-sive deformation and faults are widely developed[1―3]. For that, the area is considered as the ideal na- ture-laboratory to study the evolution of Paleo-Tethys and also … 相似文献
9.
漳州盆地及其邻区地壳深部结构的探测与研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
漳州盆地及其邻区地处我国大陆东南沿海地震带中段。通过该地区高分辨率折射及宽角反射，折射地震探测剖面，获得了该区地壳几何结构与速度结构、地壳深浅部断裂的几何形态和构造关系等。结果表明，该区地壳分为上地壳和下地壳。上地壳的厚度为16．5～18．8km，下地壳厚度为12．0～13．0km。上地壳分为上下两部分。在上地壳下部有一个低速层，速度约为6．00km／s，低速层顶面深度为12．0km左右，厚度约为5．0km。下地壳也分为上下两部分。Moho界面的深度为29．0～31．8km。该区6条地壳浅部正断层大部分向地下延伸深度不超过4km，最大延伸深度达5km左右。据推测，浅部正断层下方有一条高倾角地壳深断裂带，该断裂带向下断至Moho面，向上断至上地壳下部低速层中。深浅部断裂构造不相连接。漳州盆地深浅部构造组合特征表明，九龙江断裂带是该区内一条特征明显、具有复杂深浅构造背景的深断裂带。这一深地震探测成果的获得，使得该地区深部资料解释的可靠性和探测精度比以往显著提高；对深浅部构造的组合可作统一解释，地壳的分层和结构特征更为确切和精细；首次发现上地壳的拉张性构造及铲式正断层组合特征，不仅有助于对漳州及其邻区地震危险性的综合判定，而且对深化东南沿海地震带深部动力学过程的认识具有重要意义。 相似文献
10.
穿过伽师强震群的深地震反射剖面提供了研究区从地表直至莫霍界面的地壳细结构图像.探测结果表明：研究区上、下地壳分界面埋深约20～30 km，莫霍界面埋深约52～58 km.上地壳内部存在着两种截然不同的反射图像.上地壳上部为沉积盖层，厚度约8～9 km，盖层内部反射成层分布，显示了稳定而连续的沉积特点；上地壳下部则为“反射透明”背景下存在的叠层状反射带.下地壳内部呈现明显的反射性质，具体体现在上、下地壳分界面和莫霍间断面都表现为具有一定持续时间的多循环反射叠层结构特征.时间剖面上所有反射事件由北东向南西下倾的整体图像直观地反映了塔里木盆地地壳变形而向西昆仑下插入的事实.剖面47km桩号附近，上地壳下部至壳幔过渡带以上地壳范围内存在一条高倾角的深断裂，具有走滑性质，本研究认为该深断裂与1997年伽师强震群的发生密切相关，推断它为伽师强震群的发震构造.而时间剖面上壳幔过渡带反射的连续性则说明该断裂没有向下穿过莫霍面.存在于上地壳上部的两条高倾角的浅部断层可能对应于地质推测的麦盖提—下苏洪断裂带，它们与位于其下方的地壳深断裂构成了伽师强震群可能的深、浅构造关系. 相似文献
11.
云南省西南部,发育一组由不同断裂组成的北东向断裂构造带,沿这些断裂数十年来相继发生过多次强震.本文以其中的南汀河西支断裂为研究对象,采用深地震反射剖面方法,获得了断裂及两侧地壳精细结构和构造图像.探测结果表明:研究区纵向上,分为上、下两层地壳结构,总厚度约为31.25~35.6 km;横向上,以南汀河西支断裂为界,两侧反射特征差异较大,分别以弧状或倾斜反射波组为主·测线经过地区,莫霍面反射特征较为清晰,为2-3个反射同相轴组成的反射条带.南汀河西支断裂为一个由5条分支断层组成的断裂带,呈花状结构,反映了一种走滑挤压的应力状态.断裂带下方,存在一条切穿下地壳及莫霍面并延伸至上地幔的深大断裂·这种深、浅断裂共存的构造格局是控制南汀河地区地震孕育和发生的重要因素之一. 相似文献
12.
本文是1986年古雷—石城剖面及嵩口—宜城剖面深地震测深资料的初步研究结果。 对古雷—石城的纵剖面资料,分析了震相特征,共识别出五个波组:P_2、P_3~0、P_4~0、P_5~0及P_n(P_n~0)。通过对波的走时反演,正演拟合和理论地震图方法等计算,得到了该区地壳与上地幔结构模型。 古雷—石城地区地壳具有多层结构,并可划分为上、中、下三层。古雷炮点给出的厚度分别为1.0km、15.7km、12.8km,地壳平均速度为6.29km/s,深度为29.5km,上地幔顶面P_n波速度为7.83km/s。石城炮点给出厚度分别为1.8km、18.3km、12.4km。地壳平均速度为6.29km/3,深度为32.4km,土地幔顶面P_n速度为8.00km/s。 在中地壳下部存在一低速层,其厚度为2.8km,速度为5.85km/s。根据其它研究结果,初步判断低速层介质是半熔融物质组成。 测区内横向变化比较强烈。从东向西有长乐—诏安、政和—海丰和邵武—河源三个大断裂穿过该区,并且都深切至莫霍面;在漳州盆地之下莫霍面隆起约3km,戴云山区下莫霍面凹陷近2km;永安—梅州莫霍面隆起接近3km。莫霍面分布显示出从东南向西北逐渐加深。 宜城—连城—嵩口非纵剖面显示了莫霍面在两处有明显断错,错距约2km邵。表明昭武—河源断裂是切割莫霍面的深大断裂。 相似文献
13.
《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(9)
The authors processed the seismic refraction Pg-wave travel time data with finite difference tomography method and revealed velocity structure of the upper crust on active block boundaries and deep features of the active faults in western Sichuan Province. The following are the results of our investigation. The upper crust of Yanyuan basin and the Houlong Mountains consists of the superficial low-velocity layer and the deep uniform high-velocity layer, and between the two layers, there is a distinct, and gently west-dipping structural plane. Between model coordinates 180-240 km, P-wave velocity distribution features steeply inclined strip-like structure with strongly non-uniform high and low velocities alternately. Xichang Mesozoic basin between 240 and 300 km consists of a thick low-velocity upper layer and a high-velocity lower layer, where lateral and vertical velocity variations are very strong and the interface between the two layers fluctuates a lot. The Daliang Mountains to the east of the 300 km coordinate is a non-uniform high-velocity zone, with a superficial velocity of approximately 5 km/s. From 130 to 150 km and from 280 to 310 km, there are extremely distinct deep anomalous high-velocity bodies, which are supposed to be related with Permian magmatic activity. The Yanyuan nappe structure is composed of the superficial low-velocity nappe, the gently west-dipping detachment surface and the deep high-velocity basement, with Jinhe-Qinghe fault zone as the nappe front. Mopanshan fault is a west-dipping low-velocity zone, which extends to the top surface of the basement. Anninghe fault and Zemuhe fault are east-dipping, tabular-like, and low-velocity zones, which extend deep into the base-ment. At a great depth, Daliangshan fault separates into two segments, which are represented by drastic variation of velocity structures in a narrow strip: the west segment dips westward and the east segment dips eastward, both stretching into the basement. The east margin fault of Xichang Mesozoic basin features a strong velocity gradient zone, dipping southwestward and stretching to the top surface of the basement. The west-dipping, tabular-like, and low-velocity zone at the easternmost segment of the profile is a branch of Mabian fault, but the reliability of the supposition still needs to be confirmed by further study. Anninghe, Zemuhe and Daliangshan faults are large active faults stretching deep into the basement, which dominate strong seismic activities of the area. 相似文献
14.
Velocity structure and active fault of Yanyuan-Mabian seismic zone—The result of high-resolution seismic refraction experiment 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
FuYun Wang YongHong Duan ZhuoXin Yang ChengKe Zhang JinRen Zhao JianShi Zhang XianKang Zhang QiYuan Liu AiLan Zhu XiWei Xu BaoFeng Liu 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(9):1284-1296
The authors processed the seismic refraction Pg-wave travel time data with finite difference tomography method and revealed
velocity structure of the upper crust on active block boundaries and deep features of the active faults in western Sichuan
Province. The following are the results of our investigation. The upper crust of Yanyuan basin and the Houlong Mountains consists
of the superficial low-velocity layer and the deep uniform high-velocity layer, and between the two layers, there is a distinct,
and gently west-dipping structural plane. Between model coordinates 180–240 km, P-wave velocity distribution features steeply
inclined strip-like structure with strongly non-uniform high and low velocities alternately. Xichang Mesozoic basin between
240 and 300 km consists of a thick low-velocity upper layer and a high-velocity lower layer, where lateral and vertical velocity
variations are very strong and the interface between the two layers fluctuates a lot. The Daliang Mountains to the east of
the 300 km coordinate is a non-uniform high-velocity zone, with a superficial velocity of approximately 5 km/s. From 130 to
150 km and from 280 to 310 km, there are extremely distinct deep anomalous high-velocity bodies, which are supposed to be
related with Permian magmatic activity. The Yanyuan nappe structure is composed of the superficial low-velocity nappe, the
gently west-dipping detachment surface and the deep high-velocity basement, with Jinhe-Qinghe fault zone as the nappe front.
Mopanshan fault is a west-dipping low-velocity zone, which extends to the top surface of the basement. Anninghe fault and
Zemuhe fault are east-dipping, tabular-like, and low-velocity zones, which extend deep into the basement. At a great depth,
Daliangshan fault separates into two segments, which are represented by drastic variation of velocity structures in a narrow
strip: the west segment dips westward and the east segment dips eastward, both stretching into the basement. The east margin
fault of Xichang Mesozoic basin features a strong velocity gradient zone, dipping southwestward and stretching to the top
surface of the basement. The west-dipping, tabular-like, and low-velocity zone at the easternmost segment of the profile is
a branch of Mabian fault, but the reliability of the supposition still needs to be confirmed by further study. Anninghe, Zemuhe
and Daliangshan faults are large active faults stretching deep into the basement, which dominate strong seismic activities
of the area.
Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB428400) 相似文献
15.
通过在上海地区开展深、浅地震反射、地震宽角反射/折射、高分辨地震折射和大地电磁测深等联合剖面探测, 获得了该地区近地表至Moho面的精细速度结构、电性结构和深浅构造关系.结果表明, 该地区地壳可划分为上、中、下三个组成部分.其中，上地壳厚为12～14 km，波速为57～59 km/s；中地壳厚度约为10 km，波速为59～62 km/s；下地壳厚为10～11 km, 波速为62～63 km/s，Moho面深度约为32 km.剖面浅部地质构造复杂，共解释出12条特征明显的断裂.其中，除3条断裂错断结晶基底（G界面）并向下延伸至上地壳底界面外，其他断裂均在深度3～5 km以上终止或收敛于G界面之上.此外，仅在剖面西侧基底下部约13～15 km埋深处发现一厚度在2 km左右的壳内高导层.所以，在综合各方面资料后分析认为，在剖面经过地区不存在发生大地震的深部构造条件，近地表所存在的活动断层是未来产生对该区有影响地震的震源区. 相似文献
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根据江苏及邻区大地构造单元和人工地震研究程度的不同,划分为下扬子地区、郯庐断裂带、大别山东段、苏鲁地块等地区,介绍了利用人工地震、天然地震层析成像及其它地球物理探测等方法对这一地区的深部构造研究结果。其中下扬子地区莫霍面的深度为28~33 km,横向不均匀,由西向东逐渐减薄;大别—苏鲁地区地表超高压变质带地壳波速特征主要表现在上地壳顶部的高速层,其厚度一般小于10 km;苏鲁地块地壳厚度约在32~33 km之间,明显高于周边地区;大别山地区沿造山带方向莫霍面变化平缓,地壳厚度33 km左右;横穿造山带方向起伏变化较大,莫霍面最深达41 km左右。天然层析成像研究范围大,分辨率较低。大别苏鲁地区人工地震测深工作较深入,但调查范围较小,主要在浅层,认识相对局部,有待于面上的大范围深部结构图像研究。 相似文献
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已有活动构造研究结果表明，天山北缘具有典型的大陆内部活动构造特征，表现为多排平行山体的背斜和逆断裂.为了研究乌鲁木齐坳陷区的地壳细结构、主要断裂展布和深、浅构造关系，2004年底，在乌鲁木齐西部的天山与准噶尔盆地之间的过渡带上，完成了一条近SN向的长度为78 km的深地震反射探测剖面.结果表明，该区地壳以双程走时9～10.5 s左右的强反射带为界分为上地壳和下地壳，上地壳厚约26～28 km，下地壳厚约23～25 km.双程走时5 s以上，反射层位丰富，构造形态清晰，且在剖面横向上具有明显不同的构造特征；在西山以南的区域，为一系列近东西向展布、南北向排列的逆冲背斜构造和一组自南向北逆冲的断裂，它们在深部均受到滑脱带的控制；在西山和王家沟一带，为一套向北陡倾的反射层系和一组沿层间滑动的断裂；剖面北部显示出了典型的沉积盆地图像，沉积盆地最深处约为10～12 km.双程走时6～9 s之间，为一些延续长度较短、反射能量较弱、且无规律可寻的凌乱反射，表明这部分地壳结构具有明显的“反射透明”性.Moho过渡带出现的时间位于双程走时14～17 s，对应壳幔过渡带厚度约为9～10 km.本区Moho面自北向南逐渐加深，剖面北部其深度约为50～52 km，在靠近北天山附近，其深度约为54～55 km.在剖面中部的西山附近，上、下地壳分界面反射和Moho过渡带反射变得模糊，且浅部地层还出现隆起和褶皱，推测与准噶尔盆地和天山的挤压过程有关. 相似文献
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A study on 3-D velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in Sichuan -Yunnan region, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Many evidences indicate that the collision of two plates deformed strongly the crust of the SYR, and the deformation has been continued up to the present. In addition, the SYR is in the south segment of the South-North Seismic Zone of China, which is one of the regions in the Chinese mainland, where the seismic activity is very high, and the strong earthquakes frequently occurred. Since the 1970s, a series of large earthquakes with magnitude M>7.0 occurred in SYR, such as the 1970 Tongha… 相似文献
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Crustal structure of northeastern Tibetan plateau and Ordos block: Waveform interpretation of the Maqen-Jingbian seismic refraction profile 
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下载免费PDF全文 The Maqen-Jingbian wide-angle seismic reflection and refraction experiment was carried out in 1998, which aims at determining detailed structure in the crust and top of the upper mantle and understanding structural relation between the northeastern Tibetan plateau and the Ordos block. The 1-D crustal models inferred by waveform inversion show strong variations in crustal structure, which can be classified into four different types: ① an Ordos platform with the Proterozoic crust and two high-velocity layers in the northeast section, ② a transitional crust between the northeastern Tibetan plateau and the Ordos block across the Haiyuan earthquake zone, ③ the Qilian orogenic zone in the central part, and 4 the Qinling orogenic zone in the southwestern section. The Moho depth increases from ~42 km to ~62 km from the NE part to the SW part of the profile. The crystalline crust consists of the upper crust and lower crust in northeastern Tibetan plateau. There is an obviously low P-wave velocity layer dipping northeastward, which is 12–13 km thick, at the bottom of the upper crust in Qinling orogenic zone and Haiyuan earthquake zone. The lower crust is characterized by alternating high and low P-wave velocity layers. Beneath Ordos block, i.e., the NE part of the profile, the crust shows quite a smooth increase in P-wave velocity down to the Moho at a depth of about 42 km. 相似文献