共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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本文以医学CT图像为研究对象,探讨不变矩特征在医学CT图像中的应用。首先实验验证不变矩特征所具有的旋转、平移、缩放等不变特性,其后以基于内容的医学图像检索为例,揭示不变矩特征在基于内容的医学图像检索中的应用原理,最后分析图像不变矩特征的应用场合。实验成果对不变矩特征在医学图像识别、图像匹配、形状分析、图像分割以及基于内容的图像检索等领域的应用具有推动作用。 相似文献
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图像分割是图像处理中至关重要的一步,是进行图像分析与图像理解的基础,分割效果的好坏直接关系到后续的图像处理。针对目前主动轮廓模型在图像分割领域中分割速度慢的缺点,提出了一种新的初始轮廓设置方法。首先将图像进行预处理得到一个或几个较粗糙的连续轮廓;然后利用八邻域分割法,检测出该边缘作为梯度矢量流主动轮廓模型的初始轮廓,经过迭代后得到较精确的收敛轮廓。大量医学图像分割实验表明,运用本文提出的方法能够较好地检测到目标边界,速度快,是一种较为理想的图像分割方法。 相似文献
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针对腹部CT图像中组织分割的问题,提出了一种基于图割与改进的快速水平集的交互式分割方法。首先对人工给定的一个待分割目标的初始轮廓作膨胀运算,将所得内部边界所有像素点作为源点、外部边界像素点作为汇点构造图,并通过图割方法对CT图像进行初步分割,然后以膨胀所得内部边界作为初始轮廓,通过基于区域竞争主动轮廓模型（RCAC）的... 相似文献
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由于低的 摘 图像对比度、不可预测的前列腺位置和不确定的肠道气体,CT图像中自动和准确的前列腺分割是一个具有挑战性的问题。本文提出了一个基于随机森林的前列腺分割方法。利用自动上下文模型训练一系列的随机森林分类器,然后迭代地把这些训练好的分类器应用在测试图像上以改进前列腺的分类结果。实验结果表明,相比于其他最新方法,我们的方法性能更好。 相似文献
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本文结合轮胎的实际图像,在大量实验的基础上,总结出了适合轮胎子午线检测的方法.首先对图像进行预处理,包括灰度变换、阈值变换、边缘检测、轮廓提取和种子填充5个步骤,其次由于原始模板匹配算法存在计算量大、匹配速度慢、不精确;我们提出二次精确匹配算法从而解决了此问题,最终得到满意结果. 相似文献
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随着医学影像诊断技术的广泛应用,人们逐渐开始重视CT扫描中辐射剂量过高的问题,低剂量CT已成为医用CT发展的必然趋势。然而,低剂量CT重建图像质量会发生严重的退化,从而影响医疗诊断。针对以上问题,本文在各向异性扩散模型基础上,提出一种改进的4邻域偏微分投影域降噪算法。为有效地实现图像噪声快速平滑和特征保留,该模型根据相关像素控制率定义了归一权梯度函数。此外,本文根据扩散图像的特征变化规律构造了时变扩散函数,该函数能够自适应调节噪声平滑和轮廓保留之间的平衡。仿真数据和乳腺模体扫描数据结果表明,改进算法能够获得更高质量的重建图像,并具有较好的运算效率。 相似文献
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CV主动轮廓模型在管道焊缝缺陷检测中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
焊接是钢结构生产的主要方法。射线检测方法是检查焊接缺陷的几种主要方法之一。射线检测结果的评定方法有两种：人工评定和计算机辅助评定。人工评定检测结果时,评定人员工作量大,评定结果易受评定人员主观因素影响。采用计算机对X射线检测结果进行分析和识别,可以大大提高工作效率。分析识别的基础是图像的分割。本文分析Mumford—Shah模型和主动轮廓的CV模型,并将其首次应用到焊缝缺陷的分割之中。目前多数文献选择单个初始圆为曲线演化的初始轮廓,本文将初始轮廓选择为多个初始圆,此方法极大加快了曲线演化的速度。 相似文献
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面向RP的CT图像处理技术综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
图像反求建模是实现快速成形的关键技术之一,根据CT图像的二维信息,通过图像分割、二值化处理,提取所需边缘轮廓,重构出三维CAD模型,转换成快速成形的标准数据格式,制造出实物三维模型,在生物医学领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文在国内该领域研究现状基础上,讨论了CT图像反求建模的流程及在快速成形中的应用。 相似文献
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获取实物轮廓的特征参数是近些年来基于工业CT的逆向工程领域研究的重点之一,为了达到这一目的,本文改进了ICT图像的轮廓跟踪算法,准确快速地提取出实物的轮廓信息,并与矢量化技术相结合,完成实物任意位置任意方向切片轮廓的几何特征识别,实现了二维轮廓尺寸的参数化,最终集成一套专用的算法软件系统. 相似文献
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Peter R. Robichaud Frederick B. Pierson Robert E. Brown Joseph W. Wagenbrenner 《水文研究》2008,22(2):159-170
After the Valley Complex Fire burned 86 000 ha in western Montana in 2000, two studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of contour‐felled log, straw wattle, and hand‐dug contour trench erosion barriers in mitigating postfire runoff and erosion. Sixteen plots were located across a steep, severely burned slope, with a single barrier installed in 12 plots (four per treatment) and four plots left untreated as controls. In a rainfall‐plus‐inflow simulation, 26 mm h?1 rainfall was applied to each plot for 1 h and 48 L min?1 of overland flow was added for the last 15 min. Total runoff from the contour‐felled log (0·58 mm) and straw wattle (0·40 mm) plots was significantly less than from the control plots (2·0 mm), but the contour trench plots (1·3 mm) showed no difference. The total sediment yield from the straw wattle plots (0·21 Mg ha?1) was significantly less than the control plots (2·2 Mg ha?1); the sediment yields in the contour‐felled log plots (0·58 Mg ha?1) and the contour trench plots (2·5 Mg ha?1) were not significantly different. After the simulations, sediment fences were installed to trap sediment eroded by natural rainfall. During the subsequent 3 years, sediment yields from individual events increased significantly with increasing 10 min maximum intensity and rainfall amounts. High‐intensity rainfall occurred early in the study and the erosion barriers were filled with sediment. There were no significant differences in event or annual sediment yields among treated and control plots. In 2001, the overall mean annual sediment yield was 21 Mg ha?1; this value declined significantly to 0·6 Mg ha?1 in 2002 and 0·2 Mg ha?1 in 2003. The erosion barrier sediment storage used was less than the total available storage capacity; runoff and sediment were observed going over the top and around the ends of the barriers even when the barriers were less than half filled. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(4):883-892
Abstract Contour benches are earthen structures constructed across cultivated slopes, at intervals down the slope, largely used in semi-arid zones. The results of an experiment to monitor water and sediment balance inside a contour bench terrace system are presented. The study site, located in the El-Gouazine watershed (central Tunisia), includes two terraced plots of approximately 3000 m2, one of which was left fallow for several years, while the other was tilled. The characteristics of rainfall—runoff processes and erosion inside both terraced plots during a two-year period (2004–2006) are described. Ploughing reduced runoff by 75%. Erosion was monitored following runoff episodes that produced observable deposits in the bench channel. After ploughing, erosion was reduced by 44% between July 2004 and July 2005 and by 50% between October 2005 and July 2006. However, erosion per millimetre of runoff was about twice as great on the tilled soil as on the fallow. Even though ploughing weakens the soil, it seems to reduce erosion by increasing infiltration. For the studied rain events, ploughing used in combination with contour bench terraces seems to have limited erosion and enhanced the effectiveness of contour bench terrace management. 相似文献
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匹配算法是进行飞行器地磁辅助制导研究的重要内容之一.通过理论分析和借鉴地形匹配算法,采用了基于相关分析的地磁匹配算法,并介绍了几种常用的相关分析方法.分析了飞行器地磁匹配制导过程中可能的噪声来源,确定了主要噪声的模型.以测量数据作为基准图,以测量数据叠加各种噪声模拟实时图,对各种相关分析方法进行了匹配仿真.根据仿真结果,讨论了各种相关分析方法对不同噪声的敏感程度、匹配长度变化对各种相关分析方法的影响以及各种相关分析方法对飞行器地磁匹配制导的适用性,为相关分析方法的选择和对匹配算法进行更深入的研究奠定了一定基础. 相似文献
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Calanco (plural, calanchi) is a term widely used in the northern Apennines, Italy, to define a type of badland formed in clayey bedrock. However, no precise geomorphological definition of calanco has been established and a variety of map symbols are used to indicate the presence of calanco landforms. With the aim of developing an improved approach to identifying calanchi, a group of experienced surveyors identified 24 catchments with calanco characteristics among 67 catchments located between Bologna and Faenza in the northern Apennines. The morphology of each catchment was classified using traditional quantitative geomorphic approaches including fieldwork, map interpretation, hypsometric curve construction and computation of the annual sediment yield. Consideration of the parameters produced by these approaches indicated that none was capable of representing the presence of calanchi unequivocally and the basins were grouped into five classes on the basis of number and type of calanco criteria that they met. A characteristic of calanchi that is evident on topographic maps is crenulation of the contour lines and in this study a new topographic parameter was developed to represent the degree of contour crenulation. This parameter, LO/LF, is defined as the ratio of the actual length of a contour line (LO) to the length of the same line smoothed by an algorithm based on a moving average (LF). Calculated values of LO/LF ranged from 1·05 to 1·38. To test whether high values of the contour crenulation parameter were associated with calanchi, LO/LF values were added to other criteria for the five classes of catchment. Class 1 catchments, consisting of 14 of the 24 calanchi catchments identified in the field, displayed all of the criteria defining calanchi, and were characterized by the highest values of LO/LF (mean value 1·27 ± 0·15). It is proposed, therefore, that the contour crenulation ratio (LO/LF) may be useful in identifying the calanco landform. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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多模态医学图象的SVD-ICP配准方法 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
多模态医学图象的配准在医学诊断和治疗计划中起着重要的作用。本文提出一种基于轮廓特征的迭代最近点（ＳＶＤ－ＩＣＰ）的配准方法。这种方法结合了ＳＶＤ最优化解析方法和迭代搜索的优点来解决图象轮廓点的匹配问题,适用于不同模态医学图象之间的配准。我们关于ＣＴ－ＭＲＩ和ＰＥＴ－ＭＲＩ二维图象的配准实验证明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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基于IGRF的地磁基准图技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地磁导航需要获得目标区域的地磁基准图。研究了基于国际地磁参考场的地磁场要素计算和等值线绘制方法。以给定目标区域的经纬高为输入,计算高阶地磁球谐函数获取地磁矢量并计算地磁场要素,修正了因地球扁率带来的数据差异。采用具有虚节点的移动矩形网格算法来绘制地磁参数等值线,生成目标区域的地磁基准图。采用C#实现了地磁基准图软件,测试表明,获得的地磁等高线数据满足使用要求,等值线精度较高。 相似文献
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Within the context of a warming climate, there are wide and increasing concerns about the way beaches respond to different wave energy environments. However, behavioural differences in changes in beach elevation contours (including shorelines) in different wave energy environments remain unknown. Thus, it is unilateral to evaluate the changes in beaches based on a single elevation contour (e.g. shoreline) in coastal engineering and management applications. In this study, based on the collected shoreline and wave energy data of two international beaches, as well as the measured beach elevation contour data from Yintan Beach and the corresponding wave energy data simulated by Xbeach, our results show that frequency distributions of beach elevation contour changes exhibit distinct features under different wave energy environments. Under high wave energy environments, the frequency distributions of beach elevation contour changes show a Gaussian distribution. However, frequency distributions of beach elevation contour changes present a power law, intermediate between the logarithmic and Gaussian distributions under low and moderate wave energy environments, respectively. Furthermore, the conceptual model of beach elevation contour changes constructed by this study indicates that the relative importance of the wave energy and sediment resistance determines this phenomenon. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 相似文献
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《地震研究进展（英文）》2021,1(3):100031
In order to study the overall deformation of geotechnical model conveniently, the worksite of landslide bridge foundation reinforced by the front and rear row anti-slide piles in Chenglan railway was taken as an example. On the basis of shaking tabe test of a 1/40 reduced scale model, the landslide deformation caused by vibration waves was monitored through burying self-made phosphor bronze strips in soil. Combined with the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the bending strain points on the phosphor bronze strips, the digital matrix was converted by applying Renka Cline random matrix generation method, and the two-dimensional contour plots were drawn based on it. The results showed that the two-dimensional contour plots reflected the basic law of landslide deformation reasonably, and it revealed the evolution process of landslide deformation and failure. The research conclusions were consistent with the test phenomenon, which met the basic requirements of overall deformation analysis of landslide model. This proposed method can monitor multiple cross sections and was practical for model test. 相似文献
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在国内外岩土模型动力试验中,一般以图表形式对监测区域进行逐一动态分析,无法直观形象的掌握试验模型整体受力变形,为深入分析动态响应机理带来一定的不便。以前-后排抗滑桩加固斜坡桥基的大型振动台模型试验为例,通过在岩土体中埋设一定数量的自制磷青铜带和水平加速度计,监测滑坡变形和加速度响应,结合已知测点的水平坐标和竖向坐标,利用Renka Cline随机矩阵生成方法转换为数字矩阵形式,据此绘制坡体变形及PGA放大系数的二维等势图。试验结果显示,二维等势图能合理反映斜坡PGA放大系数的变化规律,揭示振动波作用下斜坡变形破坏的基本特征,研究结论和试验现象保持一致,满足斜坡模型整体受力变形分析的基本要求,可以作为一种实用的试验分析方法。 相似文献