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1.
摩擦阻尼器是一种构造的耗能减振装置,已应用于国内外多座新建建筑的抗震设计和已建建筑的抗震加固。半主动摩擦阻尼器则通过调整阻尼器的起滑力来改善被动摩擦阻尼器的耗能减振性能。本文研究了被动及半主动摩擦阻尼器对于高耸塔架结构地震反应的减振效果。为满足摩擦阻尼器对高耸塔架结构风振控制的特殊需要,本文建立了合肥电视塔的空间桁架有限元模型和串联多自由度体系模型,并在形成控制力变换矩阵和计算摩擦阻尼器两端的相对  相似文献   

2.
在全桥三维有限元模型基础上 ,进行了车载响应分析 ,得到全桥的动力响应 ,并与实测结果进行了分析对比 ;对疲劳危险部位建立局部有限元模型 ,并进行了局部应力分析。在结构健康安全监测系统实测数据基础上 ,得到应变循环标准块 ,用基于热点应力疲劳评估方法对危险部位进行了疲劳寿命评估。  相似文献   

3.
大跨度悬索桥在交通荷载和环境激励下,加劲梁产生持续不断的纵向往复运动,这类振动会导致悬索桥上的连接构件如伸缩缝等出现疲劳破坏。抑制这类振动一般是在梁端安装阻尼装置,这类装置不仅能够减少运营状态下的梁端位移,还能减弱地震作用下的梁端位移响应。本文提出采用耐久性能良好的新型电涡流阻尼器(ECD)进行梁端位移控制并对其减振效果进行了评估。首先对某大跨度悬索桥的实测纵向位移数据进行时域和频域分析,通过简化建立了悬索桥纵向振动的单自由度模型(SDOF),并反演了运营状态下的等效外力时程。然后对悬索桥简化SDOF模型在运营状态等效外力时程作用下和地震激励下的响应进行了计算,并评估了ECD在运营低速状态下线性阻尼和地震高速状态下非线性阻尼的减振(震)控制效果,提出了平衡两种状态控制目标的阻尼器参数合理取值范围,为ECD在悬索桥加劲梁纵向位移控制领域的应用提供了一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

4.
针对风电塔架结构内部有限的空间,设计一种新型减振系统。基于悬吊质量摆减振原理,利用形状记忆合金(SMA)的超弹性特性,将SMA丝与弹簧叠加成SMA阻尼器后并与悬吊质量摆复合,设计了一种形状记忆合金-悬吊质量摆阻尼器(SMA-SMPD)系统。研究了细部构造、减振原理和参数影响,并利用Matlab软件对单自由度体系在不同地震作用下的动力响应进行了数值模拟。结果表明:所设计的刚度和质量可调的SMA-SMPD是有效的。与结构受控频率相调时,将结构振动能量集中转换到SMA-SMPD上,可耗散结构振动能量,减震率可达30%~40%,且整体性能稳定,对结构动力响应控制效果显著。  相似文献   

5.
研究采用阻尼器对连体高层结构的地震响应进行振动控制。首先从结构动力方程出发,推导了在主塔与连廊之间设置有黏滞阻尼器的有控结构的基本振动控制方程;进而通过数值模拟,以某实际工程为原型,尝试将连廊与主塔间的斜撑利用黏滞阻尼器进行替换,分别在不同地震激励下比较了有控结构和无控结构的地震响应。分析结果表明,采用黏滞阻尼器可以有效降低结构的层剪力、结构位移、加速度等地震响应;同时能量分析的结果也表明本文采用的减振方案在不同地震激励下都可以有效耗散地震能量,由此得出结论采用黏滞阻尼器提高连体高层结构的抗震安全性是可行的。  相似文献   

6.
提出了应用磁流变阻尼装置的多自由度结构顶层隔振控制方法.首先,以大质量比TMD控制的减振机理为基础,对顶层隔振结构的动力特性进行研究,建立合理的顶层隔振结构体系;然后,采用磁流变阻尼器对顶层隔振结构的隔振层进行被动和半主动控制,以避免其控制范围较窄的缺点;最后,对三自由度结构进行顶层隔振控制时程分析,得到了比较理想的控制效果.  相似文献   

7.
在全桥三维有限元模型基础上,进行了车载响应分析,得到全桥的动力响应,并与实测结果进行了分析对比,对疲劳危险部位建立局部有限元模型,并进行了局部应力分析。在结构健康安全监测系统实测数据基础上,得到应变循环标准块,用基于热点应力疲劳评估方法对危险部位进行了疲劳寿命评估。  相似文献   

8.
大跨越输电塔-线体系动力特性分析   总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20  
大跨越输电塔-线体系的动力特性评估是其抗风、抗震设计的重要环节。本文在有关文献的基础上,建立了大跨越输电塔-线体系耦联振动动力特性分析的多自由度体系计算方法,并对大跨越输电塔-线体系工程实例的动力特性进行了分析,计论了塔-线耦联振动对塔,线各自动力特性的影响,得到了若干结论。  相似文献   

9.
本文采用振动台子结构试验数值仿真验证了圆柱形调谐液体阻尼器(CTLD)控制建筑结构地震响应的性能。振动台子结构试验将结构模型作为数值子结构在计算机中计算,将CTLD作为试验子结构进行物理试验。在CTLD和振动台之间安装剪切力检测装置,将测得的剪切力和地震波输入到数值子结构中,采用实时子结构中心差分法进行数值子结构运动方程的求解,计算得到了结构顶层的绝对加速度。再将加速度由振动台实时加载到试验子结构上,实现了结构和CTLD的相互作用。对一个单自由度结构有CTLD控制和无CTLD控制时的加速度响应进行了精确数值求解,结果验证了CTLD能够有效地控制结构在地震作用下的加速度响应。用振动台子结构试验对CTLD与结构耦合系统进行仿真,得到的加速度响应与精确数值求解的结果吻合较好,验证了这种方法能够准确地评估CTLD的减振性能。  相似文献   

10.
高柔结构动力反应强烈,对结构安全性和舒适性带来了挑战。为经济有效地控制高柔结构的动力响应,各种减振措施相继被提出,并在研究和实践中不断取得进展。文章发展了一种将调谐液体阻尼器(TLD)与颗粒阻尼器(PD)结合的新型减振耗能装置TL-PD,尝试用于高柔结构的振动控制。为验证该装置的风振控制效果,将简易TL-PD装置安装于一高层结构模型顶部,开展了风洞试验。试验结果表明,TL-PD在颗粒充分碰撞后对高层结构具有良好的振动控制效果,且控制效率受到质量比、颗粒密度及风速的影响。  相似文献   

11.
涡激振动下管桥段的模糊动力可靠性研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本文首先给出了管道在流体作用下的力学模型,并对风力作用下管道产生涡激振动的机理进行了分析,从而建立了管桥在风力作用下的力学模型和相应的振动微分方程,同时给出了管桥的固有特性和动力响应分析结果,然后,在此基础上,提出了首超模糊失效、模糊疲劳失效和混合失效等三类模糊失效准则,并依据这些准则分析给出了动力可靠性的计算公式,最后,给出了具体的算例。  相似文献   

12.
In this paper, a semiactive variable stiffness (SVS) device is used to decrease cable oscillations caused by parametric excitation, and the equation of motion of the parametric vibration of the cable with this SVS device is presented. The ON/OFF control algorithm is used to operate the SVS control device. The vibration response of the cable with the SVS device is numerically studied for a variety of additional stiffness combinations in both the frequency and time domains and for both parametric and classical resonance vibration conditions. The numerical studies further consider the cable sag effect. From the numerical results, it is shown that the SVS device effectively suppresses the cable resonance vibration response, and as the stiffness of the device increases, the device achieves greater suppression of vibration. Moreover, it was shown that the SVS device increases the critical axial displacement of the excitation under cable parametric vibration conditions.  相似文献   

13.
对某个风电场的23座高桩-混凝土承台式海上风电塔进行了1年的强振监测,统计了其在台风、偏航冲击等作用力下的强振特性。监测数据分析发现:机舱对风向偏航时会引起塔筒强烈振动,且此类型强振现象持续时间达几十秒,有时振动加速度可超过10 m/s^2,每个月多达几百次;在某次台风作用下,塔筒的振动加速度接近10 m/s^2;施工船靠船时的碰撞引起塔筒的强振幅值接近15 m/s^2;通过分析风电塔1年运营期间的塔筒固有频率值,发现前3阶固有频率值、阻尼比未发现变化。监测结果表明:高桩-混凝土承台式风电塔在台风、机舱偏航,施工船碰撞时都会产生强烈振动。因此,机舱偏航和施工船碰撞引起风电塔的强振现象过于频繁发生,是风电塔疲劳损伤的重要因素。本文的研究成果可为此类型风电塔设计、运营安全监测及损伤诊断提供参考。  相似文献   

14.
A new, passive, vibroprotective device of the rolling‐pendulum tuned mass damper type is presented that, relying on a proper three‐dimensional guiding surface, can simultaneously control the response of the supporting structure in two mutually orthogonal horizontal directions. Unlike existing examples of ball vibration absorbers, mounted on spherical recesses and effective for axial‐symmetrical structures, the new device is bidirectionally tuneable, by virtue of the optimum shape of the rolling cavity, to both fundamental structural modes, even when the corresponding natural frequencies are different, in such a case recurring to an innovative non‐axial‐symmetrical rolling guide. Based on Appell's non‐holonomic mechanics, a non‐linear dynamic model is first derived for the bidirectional absorber mounted on a 1‐storey 3‐degrees‐of‐freedom linear structure translating under the effect of both imparted base motion and applied dynamic forces. A laboratory‐scaled prototype of the device is then tested to experimentally demonstrate the bidirectional tuning capability and to validate the mathematical model. The design procedure and the seismic performance of the absorber are finally exemplified through numerical simulation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

15.
Wind-induced vibration control of bridges using liquid column damper   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The potential application of tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) for suppressing wind-induced vibration of long span bridges is explored in this paper. By installing the TLCD in the bridge deck, a mathematical model for the bridge-TLCD system is established. The governing equations of the system are developed by considering all three displacement components of the deck in vertical, lateral, and torsional vibrations, in which the interactions between the bridge deck, the TLCD, the aeroelastic forces, and the aerodynamic forces are fully reflected. Both buffeting and flutter analyses are carried out. The buffeting analysis is performed through random vibration approach, and a critical flutter condition is identified from flutter analysis. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the control effectiveness of the damper and it is shown that the TLCD can be an effective device for suppressing wind-induced vibration of long span bridges, either for reducing the buffeting response or increasing the critical flutter wind velocity of the bridge.  相似文献   

16.

Wind turbine technology is well known around the globe as an eco-friendly and effective renewable power source. However, this technology often faces reliability problems due to structural vibration. This study proposes a smart semi-active vibration control system using Magnetorheological (MR) dampers where feedback controllers are optimized with nature-inspired algorithms. Proportional integral derivative (PID) and Proportional integral (PI) controllers are designed to achieve the optimal desired force and current input for MR the damper. PID control parameters are optimized using an Ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. The effectiveness of the ACO algorithm is validated by comparing its performance with Ziegler-Nichols (Z-N) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The placement of the MR damper on the tower is also investigated to ensure structural balance and optimal desired force from the MR damper. The simulation results show that the proposed semi-active PID-ACO control strategy can significantly reduce vibration on the wind turbine tower under different frequencies (i.e., 67%, 73%, 79% and 34.4% at 2 Hz, 3 Hz, 4.6 Hz and 6 Hz, respectively) and amplitudes (i.e. 50%, 58% and 67% for 50 N, 80 N, and 100 N, respectively). In this study, the simulation model is validated with an experimental study in terms of natural frequency, mode shape and uncontrolled response at the 1st mode. The proposed PID-ACO control strategy and optimal MR damper position is also implemented on a lab-scaled wind turbine tower model. The results show that the vibration reduction rate is 66% and 73% in the experimental and simulation study, respectively, at the 1st mode.

  相似文献   

17.
The main intention of the present study is to reduce wind, wave, and seismic induced vibrations of jackettype offshore wind turbines (JOWTs) through a newly developed vibration absorber, called tuned liquid column gas damper (TLCGD). Using a Simulink-based model, an analytical model is developed to simulate global behavior of JOWTs under different dynamic excitations. The study is followed by a parametric study to explore efficiency of the TLCGD in terms of nacelle acceleration reduction under wind, wave, and earthquake loads. Study results indicate that optimum frequency of the TLCGD is rather insensitive to excitation type. In addition, while the gain in vibration control from TLCGDs with higher mass ratios is generally more pronounced, heavy TLCGDs are more sensitive to their tuned frequency such that ill-regulated TLCGD with high mass ratio can lead to destructive results. It is revealed that a well regulated TLCGD has noticeable contribution to the dynamic response of the JOWT under any excitation.  相似文献   

18.
单跨简支梁竖向振动的磁悬浮半主动控制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
由于传统的隔振器需要足够的竖向刚度来支撑上部结构,因而不能隔离竖向振动。为了解决这一问题,本文提出一种新的隔振策略,即磁浮式半主动控制方法,并将这一方法应用于弹性梁弯曲振动的半主动控制。将均质弹性梁简化为一带集中质量的简支梁,导出了控制系统的运动方程,讨论了系统在平衡点的稳定性,应用推广的Runge-Kutta方法,得到了系统在随机地面输入下的加速度响应。结果表明:杆件的初始悬浮位置是磁浮式半主动控制系统的平衡点,且平衡点是L稳定的;磁浮式半主动隔振系统具有类似于软弹簧的性质,与普通的弹性简支梁相比,磁浮式半主动振动控制系统的振动频率较低,加速度响应明显减小,系统具有良好的竖向隔振性能。  相似文献   

19.
磁流变阻尼器对高层建筑风振反应的半主动控制   总被引:21,自引:3,他引:21  
本文探讨了磁流变阻尼器在高层建筑风振控制中的应用,在经典线性最优控制理论的基础上,根据磁流变阻尼器的特点,提出了一种新型的半主动控制策略,应有该方法对一40层的钢结构的风振反应进行了计算机模拟,结果表明,采用磁流变阻尼器对高层建筑进行半主动控制的能够有效减小结构的风振反应。  相似文献   

20.
风电塔是一种顶部有较大偏心质量的高耸薄壁悬臂结构,以某1.5MW水平轴三叶片风电塔为研究对象,重点关注风电塔振动台试验缩尺模型设计。根据量纲分析理论和相似条件,基于模型质量分布和刚度分布等效原则,设计模型塔筒截面及附加质量,保证模型与原型结构自振频率和振型相似。通过对比分析模型动力特性测试结果与原型实测结果,验证了该模型设计方法的合理性,可为同类型风电塔振动台试验设计提供参考与依据。针对该柔性对称高塔模型在动力特性测试中出现的正交耦合振动及拍振现象也进行了详细阐述。  相似文献   

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