共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
用在一个地震台接收到的同一个震源区内较小地震的振幅谱去除大震的振幅谱,可求得大震震源的频谱在两个拐角频率之间的趋势的斜率.利用 Q 值在0.0001—100Hz 之间几乎是常数的特性,用试错法对大震的振幅谱因衰减造成的高频损耗进行补偿.当补偿后的高频趋势的斜率与频谱比的高频趋势的斜率接近时,便表示所选取的 Q 值是适宜的.用这种方法,我们得到云南剑川地区的 Q_p 等于900,Q_s 等于400.而北京地区的 Q_p 等于800,Q_s 等于550. 相似文献
2.
经验格林函数法和遗传算法在震源谱研究中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
发展了传统的经验格林函数方法，将其与遗传算法结合起来用于地震震源谱的研究，以求得较大地震震源谱的高频衰减趋势的斜率。在此基础上先用遗传算法较为精确地搜索出较大地震的拐角频率，再用遗传算法对较大地震的振幅谱因衰减造成的损耗进行补偿，从而确定自震源至地震台传播途径上的介质品质因子Q值，最后给出了利用乌鲁木齐区域遥测数字地震台网资料测定Q值的范例。从计算结果得出乌鲁木齐至北天山一带的乌苏地区地震震源谱的高频衰减趋势满足ω^-2形式，Q值在480左右。 相似文献
3.
滇西实验场微震衰减与场地响应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
本文使用滇西实验场区PDR—2数字化台网的77个微震(M_L<3)资料,分析了场区内的下关、洱源、邓川、双廊、乔后和漾濞6个台站的微震振幅谱。采用振幅谱频率比方法,研究区域衰减效应和局部场地响应。在一固定接收器场地条件下对不同距离不同方向的几十个地震,测量5Hz和20Hz谱振幅比,估计场区内地壳上部P波和S波的Q值。6个台站分别属于不同的构造背景,各台Qp和Qs值差异与局部区域构造差异强烈相关,在所研究的小区域范围内衰减机制和场地响应差异可分为三个条带状区域。6个台站的平均Qp为210,Qs为460。Qs≈2.2Qp,与Frankel估计的Qp≈Qs对比,表明地壳上部的衰减机制存在明显的地区性差异。场地响应的另一主要特征是谱的拐角频率,对于浅源微震拐角频率不是震源距和地震位置的函数,统计结果表明,各场地具有明显的优势拐角频率,它与局部场地构造差异相关。 相似文献
4.
京西北延庆—怀来盆地的QSH值和小震震源参数的测定 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
用在一个地震台接上到的同一震源区内的较小地震的振幅谱去除大地震的振幅谱，求得较大地震震源同频趋势的斜率。利用Ｑ值在０．０００１－１００Ｈｚ之间几乎是常数是特性，用网格搜寻法对较大地震的振幅谱因衰减造成的损耗进行补偿，同时确定自震源对地震吧途径上的介持的品质因数、拐角频率和补偿后的频谱的零频极限。用这种方法，利用中－欧合作北京西北怀来数字地震台网的记录，确定了延庆－怀来盆地的品质因数ＱＳＨ值并测定了 相似文献
5.
利用唐山余震的数字化地震记录,研究了唐山余震的震源参数.发展了一种 P 波谱的反演方法,以消除用波谱分析求解震源参数过程中的不确定因素的影响.经过数值实验和对实际资料的应用,初步证明了这种方法的实用性.利用5个台站接收的35次地震记录的 P 波频谱资料,反演了唐山滦县地区的震源动力学参数,得到了5个台站的 P 波 Q 值和震源频谱的高频衰减率.Q 值分布在408——847之间,均值为520;值分布在1.54——3.22之间,均值为2.41.在该区域的小震频谱的定标律研究中,发现应力降随地震矩的增加而增加. 相似文献
6.
民乐盆地及其周围地区的Q值研究< 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1988年,中法合作建立的张掖数字化地震台网投入观测,该台网位于河西走廊和祁连山中段的重点监视区内,利用张掖数字化台网的资料,测定了民乐盆地及其周围地区地壳介质的 Q 值.研究结果表明,该区 Qp 约为500——780,Qs 约为230——460.盆地内部 Q 值较高,盆地外围 Q 值较低,中、强地震大多发生在盆地外围的断裂带上.此外,Q 值随地震射线的穿透深度而增加.本文也讨论了肃南地震(Ms=5.7)前后 Q 值随时间变化的一些问题.这些结果可以用于研究和监测民乐盆地的地震危险性. 相似文献
7.
由于地下介质对地震波振幅的影响和地震波频散因素,地震波振幅和相位随时间、空间及频率的变化而发生改变,本文提出一种基于广义S变换的振幅谱补偿和相位谱校正新方法。该方法在S域中分为振幅谱补偿和相位谱校正两个步骤进行处理:振幅谱补偿是在地震记录可靠频带范围内恢复反射系数的振幅谱,其具体实现是在S域中利用谱模拟技术来拟合时变子波振幅谱,从而补偿由地层吸收所引起的振幅衰减;相位谱校正是消除子波剩余相位的影响,其具体实现是在S域中利用相位扫描来拾取随时间、空间和频率而变化的相位校正量,并由Parsimony准则来进行最佳相位判别。本文方法不需要直接求取Q值,能够适用于变Q值情况。理论模型和实际资料处理表明,该方法不仅能恢复地层反射系数的振幅谱,还可以有效消除子波剩余相位的影响,使子波接近或达到零相位,从而提高地震资料分辨率。 相似文献
8.
本文对北京、青光、昌黎、广州、佘山、武昌、长春等7个地磁台1973——1977五年期间80个磁暴的振幅谱进行了分析和对比,得到中低纬度地区磁暴频谱的一般特性.结果表明:①7个台磁暴频谱的变化趋势同步;②在周期0.5——6.8小时的频率范围内,振幅谱的斜率 b 值相当稳定,反映了在此频段内磁暴能量具有恒定的分配因子;③广州、佘山、武昌、长春四台振幅谱截矩 a 的年均值相当稳定,而距唐山震区较近的北京、青光、昌黎三台 a 的年均值均有不同程度的显著变化.这可能与1976年7月28日强烈的唐山地震有关. 相似文献
9.
本文首次给出了一种利用扫描分析技术与广义S变换时频分析工具相结合求取介质品质因子（Q值）的方法,与传统的Q值估计方法不同,该方法用一系列等效Q值对叠前衰减数据进行粘性补偿偏移,将偏移后的共反射点道集叠加,利用广义S变换求取补偿后叠加道的时频谱和傅立叶峰值频率,以浅层强反射界面子波时频谱为参考,它他深度处地层子波的时频谱特征与之进行比较,当谱宽和峰值频率达到一致作为正确Q值选定标准,确立了宏观介质的等效Q值分析新方法. 相似文献
10.
本文利用兰州有线传输台网的资料,首先用两次地震的频谱比确定了景泰地区地震震源谱的高频衰减趋势,其形式为ω~(-2),然后用试错法测得了景泰地区的Q_p、Q_(?)值。研究发现,1990年10月20日景泰地震前,从1988年开始,其震中至各台站间所有路径上介质的Q_p、Q_3值皆明显高于震后并高于参考值(1984—1985年介质的Q值)。本文还将景泰地区Q值与我国其它地区Q值进行了对比,最后用组合模式从理论上讨论了景泰地区Q值变化的原因。 相似文献
11.
Events from the December 1982 Huairou County, Beijing, and the July 1982 Jianchuan, Yunnan earthquake series were recorded at one station in Beijing City and at four stations in Eryuan area, Yunnan, respectively. Dividing the spectra (for P and S waves) from the smaller events in the series by spectra (for corresponding P and S waves) from the larger events in cach region, we have determined the high frequency source spectral decay rate to be ω?1in both cases. Through trial and error method, we are able to determine the appropriate constantQ P andQ S that corrects the individual spectra to the proper high frequency decay rate. It is found that aQ P of 800 and aQ S of 550 can adequately compensate for the attenuation of the waves in Beijing area. For Jianchuan, Yunnan area the corresponding values are 900 and 400. 相似文献
12.
Events from the December 1982 Huairou County, Beijing, and the July 1982 Jianchuan, Yunnan earthquake series were recorded
at one station in Beijing City and at four stations in Eryuan area, Yunnan, respectively. Dividing the spectra (for P and
S waves) from the smaller events in the series by spectra (for corresponding P and S waves) from the larger events in cach
region, we have determined the high frequency source spectral decay rate to be ω−1in both cases. Through trial and error method, we are able to determine the appropriate constantQ
P andQ
S that corrects the individual spectra to the proper high frequency decay rate. It is found that aQ
P of 800 and aQ
S of 550 can adequately compensate for the attenuation of the waves in Beijing area. For Jianchuan, Yunnan area the corresponding
values are 900 and 400.
This subject is supported by Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation. 相似文献
13.
通过对1982年7月3日云南剑川Ms5．4级地震的余震震群近场记录的研究，为该地区存在横波分裂现象及上部地壳存在裂隙各向异性提供了直接的证据．剑川地区地震记录波形复杂，纵、横波视周期差异较大．横波快波偏振主要集中在NE45°和NW55°两个方向．7月20日ML4．8级强余震前后横波快波偏振取向变化显著，各台横波偏振方向震前彼此相对独立；震后整体上趋于有序．前者反映了地震发生前由于震源区应力集中在附近空间形成的应力分布的差异；后者显示出地震发生后由于震源区集中应力的释放带来的上述应力差异在一定空间范围的解除．该结果表明震源附近地区地震横波分裂特征不仅携带着地震处于相对平静期应力场的静态信息，而且也携带着地震发生前后应力场时、空动态变化的重要信息．文中还讨论了剑川地区构造对S波分裂的影响． 相似文献
14.
多种岩石的Qp,Qs,Qc 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本采用脉冲传播谱振幅比法、能量法、尾波法分别测多种岩样的Ｐ波Ｑ值、Ｓ波Ｑ值及尾波Ｑ值。结果表明，能量法所得Ｑｐ、Ｑｓ较小。谱振幅比法所得Ｑｐ一般居中，Ｑｓ较大。尾波Ｑｃ有的偏大，有的偏小。 相似文献
15.
The site effect of coda waves for four types of basement under 6 stations was studied by using the local earthquakes from
digital seismograph network of West Yunnan Experimental Site. Results from the band 0.75 to 24 Hz showed that the site effect
was abviously interrelated with not only the frequency but also the site condition of the station. For those stations which
sited on the hard-rock, such as Jianchuan (limestone), Shuanglang (limestone), Qiaohou (sandstone) and Eryuan (metamorghic
rock), the site amplification as a function of frequency was similar in shape and the changes in amplification were flat.
A typical behavior of sediment was measured at Qina station. The site amplification remained high at low frequency, but turned
to a low level as frequency increased. However, in contrast to Qina, the variations of site amplification at Yangbi station
were quite different. Such different behavior between the two sites could be caused by the difference in sediment thickness
under valley basins. It could be seen that the site amplification pattern of horizontal motion approached approximately to
the vertical despite of some differences. The Fourier spectra of small earthquakes also showed the character of site. It can
be expected that the site response has an important effect on the shape of the spectra and that the size of the magnitude
is not likely responsible for the spectra recorded at the same site.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, Supp., 1993. 相似文献
16.
17.
Seismic records produced by different seismic sources vary. In this study, we compared the waveform records and time-frequency characteristics of tectonic earthquakes, artificial explosions, and mine collapses in China’s Capital Region. The results show that tectonic earthquakes are characterized by stronger S-wave energy than P-wave energy, obvious high-frequency components, and wide frequency bands of P and S waves. Artificial explosions are characterized by greater P-wave amplitude than S-wave amplitude and near-station surface wave development. Mine collapses are characterized by lower overall frequency, more obvious surface waves, and longer duration. We extracted quantitative discriminants based on the analysis of different event records, with 31 feature values in 7 categories (P/S maximum amplitude ratio, high/low frequency energy ratio, P/S spectral ratio, corner frequency, duration, the second-order moment of spectrum, and energy strongest point). A comparison of the ability of these feature values to recognize distinct events showed that the 6–17 Hz P/S spectral ratio was able to completely distinguish artificial explosions from the other two types of events. The S-wave corner frequency performed relatively well in identifying all three types of events, with an accuracy of over 90%. Additionally, a support vector machine was used to comprehensively distinguish multiple features, with an accuracy for all three types of events reaching up to 100%. 相似文献
18.
断层活动协调比方法在分析云南地区的地壳应变积累上具有适用性。利用区域11处跨断层流动监测场地的三十余年观测资料,首先计算跨断层场地的三维活动量,进而得出场地的断层活动协调比参数,结果显示:(1)丽江、永胜、剑川、石屏、建水场地在对应6~7级地震上,历史映震效果良好;云南地区近期存在异常的跨断层监测场地有剑川、石屏和建水场地,存在应变积累、断层活动出现异常的断裂有剑川断裂和石屏-建水断裂;(2)结合跨断层原始观测数据和三维活动量时序曲线,综合认为云南地区地壳形变异常区域分布在滇西北地区的剑川、下关和永胜以及滇中地区的峨山、石屏和建水附近;(3)结合地震活动性资料,综合认为四川九寨沟7.0级地震后,南北地震带南段应力可能会加速积累,应重点关注云南地区的中强震危险性。 相似文献
19.
Sensitivity of seismic waves to structure 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Luděk Klime? 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2012,56(2):483-520
We study how the perturbations of a generally heterogeneous isotropic or anisotropic structure manifest themselves in the wavefield, and which perturbations can be detected within a limited aperture and a limited frequency band. A short-duration broad-band incident wavefield with a smooth frequency spectrum is considered. In-finitesimally small perturbations of elastic moduli and density are decomposed into Gabor functions. The wavefield scattered by the perturbations is then composed of waves scattered by the individual Gabor functions. The scattered waves are estimated using the first-order Born approximation with the paraxial ray approximation. For each incident wave, each Gabor function generates at most 5 scattered waves, propagating in specific directions and having specific polarisations. A Gabor function corresponding to a low wavenumber may generate a single broad-band unconverted wave scattered in forward or narrow-angle directions. A Gabor function corresponding to a high wavenumber usually generates 0 to 5 narrow-band Gaussian packets scattered in wide angles, but may also occasionally generate a narrow-band P to S or S to P converted Gaussian packet scattered in a forward direction, or a broad-band S to P (and even S to S in a strongly anisotropic background) converted wave scattered in wide angles. In this paper, we concentrate on the Gaussian packets caused by narrow-band scattering. For a particular source, each Gaussian packet scattered by a Gabor function at a given spatial location is sensitive to just a single linear combination of 22 values of the elastic moduli and density corresponding to the Gabor function. This information about the Gabor function is lost if the scattered wave does not fall into the aperture covered by the receivers and into the legible frequency band. 相似文献
20.
腾冲火山区地震事件(LP,VT,VE)的识别研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用腾冲流动数字台网资料，用多种方法对腾冲火山区的地震事件进行识别研究，认为腾冲火山区记录到的地震事件按波形主要分为两类：P波最大振幅明显大于S波及Lg波最大振幅的事件；P波最大振幅小于S波及Lg波最大振幅的事件。其中P波最大振幅明显大于S波及Lg波最大振幅的事件是火山地震的可能性较大。根据多个事件频谱随时间变化扫描图中的频谱特征，认为目前这个地区未记录到长周期事件；但流动台网记录到几组振幅较小，频率较高，振动持续时间双腾冲地震事件的持续时间（一般为6－7s)明显长，达20余秒的颤动事件，波形与Tremor事件曲型图有相似之外，这几个事件是否是Tremor事件，值得深入研究。 相似文献