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介绍了2014年2月12日新疆于田MS7. 3 地震的基本参数、发震构造和地震序列特征,并与2008 年于田MS7. 3 地震序列特征进行对比分析。结果显示,2014 年于田MS7. 3 地震有MS5. 4 直接前震,序列强余震频次低、余震衰减较快,目前最大余震震级为MS5. 7; 通过分析历史地震序列类型、计算于田单台序列的h 值、b 值、主震释放的能量与序列能量的比值等参数,初步判断于田MS7. 3 地震序列为“前震—主震—余震型”。 相似文献
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2014年2月12日新疆于田发生MS7.3地震,该震前1天曾发生MS5.4前震,震后余震活动频繁.截止到2月20日12时,该地震序列记录到4000多次余震,最大余震为2月12日MS5.7地震,序列类型为前震—主震—余震型.该地震前震的b值明显低于该区域正常活动的b值和余震的b值.这次地震位于西昆仑断裂带与阿尔金断裂带的交汇区域的阿什库勒断裂北段,震源机制解为走滑型.余震区NE向长70 km、宽20 km,分为主余震分布区和次余震分布区,其中ML4.0以上强余震基本位于NE向主余震分布区,N--S向的次余震分布区则以ML3.0左右地震分布为主,显示该部分可能受到主震的触发作用.于田地区曾发生的2008年3月21日MS7.3地震的震源机制解为正断型,距这次地震约100 km;2012年8月12日发生的MS6.2地震的震源机制解为正断型,距这次地震约10 km.该地区的发震构造背景是:在NE向阿尔金断裂带尾端向SW方向延伸过程中,左旋走滑作用逐渐转换为拉张作用,形成多条左旋走滑兼具拉张作用的断裂. 2014年于田MS7.3地震的发震模式表现为:左旋走滑的阿什库勒断裂北段与南段因速率差异而产生的小型构造盆地,在区域拉张作用力下顺时针旋转;2008年MS7.3张性地震后区域的伸展作用增强,导致盆地南侧的苦牙克断裂发生2012年MS6.2张性地震,该地震引起2014年MS5.4前震,两者激发其后在盆地北侧阿什库勒断裂发生了2014年MS7.3主震. 相似文献
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利用新疆区域数字地震台网的波形资料,对2014年2月12日于田MS7.3地震前震和余震序列的频谱特征进行了分析。基于Brune模型,对观测记录进行仪器响应、传播路径和场地响应的校正,使用遗传算法对于田地震序列103次ML≥3.0地震的震源谱进行了反演计算。结果表明:1前震序列的拐角频率相对偏低,扣除地震矩影响后,余震的拐角频率有明显增高的趋势;2距离震中最近的YUT台资料分析显示,于田地震几次前震活动的台站观测谱相对较为独立,与主震以及彼此之间的相关系数均不高;3序列事件和主震的台站观测谱相关系数的变化反映了序列发展的动态破裂过程,相关系数较低的事件基本上偏离了主震破裂区而发生在分支断裂上;4前震的震源谱中存在异常的高频成份。 相似文献
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2014年2月12日新疆于田发生MS7.3地震,本文利用新疆区域数字地震台网记录到的前震和余震序列的波形资料,对S波记录谱进行仪器响应、传播路径和场地响应的校正后,基于Brune模型,利用遗传算法反演了于田地震序列102次ML≥3.0级地震的地震矩、视应力、拐角频率等震源参数。结果表明,该地震序列震级为3.0~5.0级;地震矩为3.46×1011~2.08×1015N·m;视应力为1.48×105~1.16×106Pa,均值1.71×105Pa;拐角频率为1.4~7.1Hz。通过分析视应力及拐角频率随时间的变化特征可知,于田7.3级地震前震序列的视应力明显高于余震序列,而前震序列的拐角频率明显低于余震序列。主震前视应力出现高值,表明在主震区积聚了较多的应力,随后在应力值降低后的缓慢升高过程中发震,由于释放了大量的应力,震后视应力值又逐渐降低,表现为低应力的余震破裂。 相似文献
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2014年2月12日新疆于田发生MS7.3地震,本文利用新疆区域数字地震台网记录到的前震和余震地震序列的波形资料,对S波记录谱进行仪器响应、传播路径和场地响应的校正后,基于Brune模型,利用遗传算法反演了于田地震序列102次ML≥3.0级地震的地震矩、视应力、拐角频率等震源参数。结果表明,该地震序列震级为3.0～5.0级;地震矩为3.46×1011～2.08×1015N?m;视应力为1.48×105～1.16×106Pa,均值1.71×105 Pa;拐角频率为1.4～7.1Hz。通过分析视应力及拐角频率随时间的变化特征可知,于田7.3级地震前震序列的视应力明显高于余震序列,而前震序列的拐角频率明显低于余震序列。主震前视应力出现高值,表明在主震区积聚了较多的应力,随后在应力值降低后的缓慢升高过程中发震,由于释放了大量的应力,震后视应力值又逐渐降低,表现为低应力的余震破裂。 相似文献
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2021年5月21日云南大理州漾濞县发生了MS6.4 地震.我们利用区域地震台网记录的地震波形资料,首先采用多点源地震矩张量反演方法确定了漾濞地震序列中 3 次MS≥5.0地震的矩心矩张量解,分析研究了地震矩释放的最佳模型;然后对序列中较大地震进行了绝对定位,结合余震序列重新定位结果研究了地震矩心在断层面上的位置.结果显示MS5.6 前震可用2 点源模型模拟,矩震级分别为MW 5.3、MW5.1,矩心时间相隔约30 s,矩心位置相距约 2 km.MS 6.4 主震可用单点源模型模拟,矩心与起始破裂点平面距离约 5 km.前震和主震的矩心均位于地表以下 6 km处,矩心与起始破裂点的位置关系显示两地震向南东方向单侧破裂,断层以"前震-主震"型地震序列典型的"撤退式"方式破裂,MS5.6 前震的发生降低了断层面的抗剪强度,从而发生了更大的MS6.4 主震.MS5.2余震可用单点源模型模拟,起始破裂点与矩心空间位置相近,在地表以下约 10 km处.余震区构造应力场反演结果显示漾濞 6.4级地震序列属于区域应力场触发的地震活动,地震序列震源机制解符合走滑断裂伴生的负花状构造系统内部断裂的运动特征,余震的空间分布图像显示花状构造系统内部的两条断裂发生了地震活动. 相似文献
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兴海6．6级地震前地震活动异常图像与序列主要特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
兴海6．6级地震异常特征典型，从背景空区、孕震空区、大面积震群活动到地震条带、前震序列，长、中、短期地震活动性异常配套。该地震序列无论从其能量释放比、震级差，还是序列参数计算均符合主震－余震型判断指标，根据全序列特征，该地震为前震－主震－余震型序列。 相似文献
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潮汐应力-应变对某些地震序列的调制触发 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对1960年以来中国大陆浅源地震序列与潮汐应变的相关分析表明, 某些地区某些地震序列, 包括前震序列、 前震-主震序列、 前震-主震-余震序列和主震-余震序列明显受到潮汐应力-应变的调制触发。 如龙陵地震的前震-主震序列, 邢台地震的前震-主震-余震序列、 唐山地震的主震-余震序列等。 这些地震序列受到潮汐力调制触发的特征明显, 对地震预测有意义, 并作了具体的叙述。 同时对地震序列受调制触发的机理作了初步的探讨, 指出不同类型地震序列的调制触发特征与孕育系统地质构造, 地震震源岩石性质和区域构造应力场方向以及地震破裂机制有关, 对地震机理和预测的研究有一定意义。 相似文献
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基于新疆及西藏区域数字地震台网的宽频带资料,采用CAP方法反演了2014年2月12日于田7.3级地震的前震、主震及早期MS≥3.5余震序列的震源机制解。结果显示,此次7.3级强震为带有正断分量的走滑型地震,结合震源区的构造和余震分布,节面I走向241°/倾角90°/滑动角-22°,判定该节面代表了主震的发震断层面。主震主压力轴方位为194o,与该区历史中强震主压应力P轴方位近NS向较为接近。其5.4级前震和主震震源机制解具有较高的一致性。18次余震中有10次为走滑型地震,其中6次为正断型,2次为逆断型,且70%的地震具有近SN向的P轴方位。此次7.3级地震序列震源深度范围5~28km,而大部分地震为15~20km,略大于本文计算得到的主震震源深度10km。 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献