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一、引言近来,在地震勘探中应用弹性波动力学特点的可能性愈来愈明显了。所謂动力学特点主要是指波的相位和振幅而言,正問題的解决归結为解决弹性波动力学問題。这方面在过去几年来已經得到了很大的发展,例如苏联学者Γ.И.彼德拉欣及其領导的小組的. 相似文献
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根据积分变换方法得出了半空间内部作用简谐水平力时的Gree函数．首先，利用Hankel积分变换方法，直接对频域内的Biot波动方程进行求解，得出Biot波动方程的通解；利用通解和半空间内部作用水平力时边界上的边界条件，以及力作用面上的连续性条件，可以得出上述边值问题的解；对于边值问题在变换域内的解进行相应的逆变换，就可以得出频域内的Gree函数．本文得到的线弹性退化解与文献中的结果吻合．最后，文中给出了两个算例． 相似文献
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基于震源断层面解的空间取向和断层滑动方向，写出相应力轴张量在地理坐标系中的表达式，进而给出计算平均力轴张量及主值的方法，即通过求解相应的本征方程得到. 对使用多个震源机制解的T，B，P轴参数计算平均应力场的方法，以用滑动方向拟合法反演富蕴、唐山地区平均应力场数据进行验证，二者结果一致. 选择具有地震构造意义的地块或地震带内大量地震的震源机制解研究区域平均应力场. 根据川滇13个地震带（区）的256次中强地震的震源机制解，给出了各带（区）应力张量的定量分析结果. 该方法算法简便，使由大量地震震源机制解资料分析构造应力场的方法走向定量化. 相似文献
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ANALYSIS OF THE CONFIDENCE INTERVAL OF THE COMPOSITE FAULT PLANE SOLUTION OBTAINED FROM THE GRID SEARCH METHOD: AN EXAMPLE OF SOUTHERN JIANGXI PROVINCE 
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下载免费PDF全文 In order to quantitatively analyze the reliability of the composite fault plane solution of small earthquakes, the Bootstrap sampling technique is introduced into the grid search method, and the ideas and methods for calculating the confidence interval from the grid search method are proposed initially. There are two sample sets that can represent the characteristics of the composite fault plane solution. One sample set is the optional solutions obtained by the grid search method and the other is obtained by the Bootstrap sampling technique. Then, we calculate the confidence intervals of the two sample sets (P, B and T axis). The research results of tectonic stress field in southern Jiangxi Province are relatively few. In view of such situation, we use the focal mechanism solutions of small earthquakes to calculate and analyze the composite fault plane solution and the confidence interval. This study shows that the confidence interval of the principal stress axis can be obtained well by both of the sample methods. The reliability of the results and the confidence range of the principal stress axis can be better represented by the confidence intervals. The middle principal stress in southern Jiangxi Province is nearly vertical, and the maximum and minimum principal stresses are nearly horizontal. The direction of maximum principal stress is NWW-SEE and that of the minimum principal stress is NNE-SSW. And, the area is in a strike-slip stress regime. The results are consistent with previous studies, and the stress directions obtained by previous researchers are within the confidence interval calculated by this paper. 相似文献
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E.H. ELORANTA 《Geophysical Prospecting》1986,34(6):856-872
An integral equation method is described for solving the potential problem of a stationary electric current in a medium that is linear, isotropic and piecewise homogeneous in terms of electrical conductivity. The integral equations are Fredholm's equations of the ‘second kind’ developed for the potential of the electric field. In this method the discontinuity-surfaces of electrical conductivity are divided into ‘sub-areas’ that are so small that the value of their potential can be regarded as constant. The equations are applied to 3-D galvanic modeling. In the numerical examples the convergence is examined. The results are also compared with solutions derived with other integral equations. Examples are given of anomalies of apparent resistivity and mise-a-la-masse methods, assuming finite conductivity contrast. We show that the numerical solutions converge more rapidly than compared to solutions published earlier for the electric field. This results from the fact that the potential (as a function of the location coordinate) behaves more regularly than the electric field. The equations are applicable to all cases where conductivity contrast is finite. 相似文献
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The system of normal equations associated with the discrete Wiener filter is sometimes ill-conditioned. The purpose of this paper is to show that in such cases the solutions obtained vary drastically with the particular choice of an algorithm and of the computer used for its implementation. A review of the basic mathematical theory behind an ill-conditioned matrix is first presented. Numerical examples are then given to illustrate that the solutions of the normal equations are sensitive to the word length of a given computer. Finally, two possible remedies are described: (1) The well-known method of prewhitening and (2) the use of the conjugate-gradient algorithm for solving the normal equations. 相似文献
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本文以常用的几种粘弹性体模拟地球介质的粘弹性,建立了该种介质中的波动方程组;在运用合理的近似处理方法基础上,得到了基本解;提出了校正其它衰减因素的功率谱切比雪夫拟合方法,由此给出了粘性Q值的概念和算法,最后讨论了该方法的可行性。 相似文献
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H. SCRIBA 《Geophysical Prospecting》1981,29(5):790-802
A method has been developed for computation of the electrical DC potential of an arbitrary three-dimensional resistivity structure using a finite difference method. The threedimensionality is necessary for interpretation of geoelectrical soundings with controlled point sources over a laterally inhomogeneous medium. Lateral inhomogeneities should be considered in resistivity soundings with large layouts. The results obtained with the described method permit a more realistic representation of geological features. The resolution of the method is determined by the number of elements in the resistivity network. The problem of core memory space has been resolved by using random access disc files. The results computed using a Fortran program are in good agreement with analytically obtained solutions. 相似文献
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本文对分层弹性地基中端承桩基础通过特性分析建立了合理的力学模型，通过动力分析，给出了端承桩基础轴向自振特性及在竖向地震载荷作用下强迫反应的解析解。文中的解析公式为分层弹性地基中的端承桩基础轴向动力反应分析提供了一种新的解析方法。 相似文献
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本文研究用理论地震图反演地震震源参数的方法,利用16个WWSSN台记录的渤海地震（1969年7月18日,M=7.4）远震P波波形,用我们的反演方法重新测定了该地震的震源参数。文中以剪切位错源的理论地震图与实际观测记录波形的相关程度为判据,测得该地震的震源参数为:地震矩3.9×1027达因·厘米;震源破裂持续时间6秒;位错面两个可能的选择解是:（1）θs=207°,δ=87°NW,λ=-159°,右旋;（2）θs=298.6°,δ=69°NE,λ=-3.6°,左旋。其中θS、δ、λ分别是震源位错面的方位角、倾角和错滑角;震源深度为25公里。数值运算的结果还表明,本文提供的测定震源参数的方法实际效能良好。 文中还与用P波初动符号方法测定的震源参数结果进行了对比分析。 相似文献
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Gravity data inversion can provide valuable information on the structure of the underlying distribution of mass. The solution of the inversion of gravity data is an ill-posed problem, and many methods have been proposed for solving it using various systematic techniques. The method proposed here is a new approach based on the collocation principle, derived from the Wiener filtering and prediction theory. The natural multiplicity of the solution of the inverse gravimetric problem can be overcome only by assuming a substantially simplified model, in this case a two-layer model, i.e. with one separation surface and one density contrast only. The presence of gravity disturbance and/or outliers in the upper layer is also taken into account. The basic idea of the method is to propagate the covariance structure of the depth function of the separation surface to the covariance structure of the gravity field measured on a reference plane. This can be done since the gravity field produced by the layers is a functional (linearized) of the depth. Furthermore, in this approach, it is possible to obtain the variance of the estimation error which indicates the precision of the computed solution. The method has proved to be effective on simulated data, fulfilling the a priori hypotheses. In real cases which display the required statistical homogeneity, good preliminary solutions, useful for a further quantitative interpretation, have also been derived. A case study is discussed. 相似文献
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We select the Xiluodu-Wudongde reservoir area in the downstream of Jinsha River as the research area, and use the CAP and GPAT method to obtain focal mechanisms of ML ≥ 2.0 earthquakes from 2016 to 2017 in this region. Then, we analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of focal mechanism solutions in each local region and investigate the relationship between seismicity and regional structures. According to 414 focal mechanism solutions we get following conclusions:1)The Xiluodu dam began to impound water on May 4, 2013, and seismicity increased significantly after impoundment. We get 49 focal mechanisms in the Xiluodu dam and its adjacent area which are dominated by thrust faulting and next by strike-slip faulting, which are mainly distributed near the middle section of the Ebian-Jinyang fault zone. The distribution of nodal planes striking in NNW to NE direction is consistent with that of regional faults, and some large earthquakes are controlled by regional structures. 2)There are 39 and 24 focal mechanisms obtained in the unimpounded Baihetan and Wudongde dams and adjacent areas, and the spatial distribution of focal mechanism solutions are relatively consistent, dominated by strike-slip faulting with a small amount of thrust and normal faulting. The sinistral strike-slip earthquakes are consistent with the activity of Xiaojiang fault zone and Puduhe-Xishan Fault. The strikes of the nodal planes are distributed discretely, and many groups of faults intersect with each other in the area, suggesting that the seismogenic environment is relatively complex. 3)The seismicity in Ludian continues to be active after the Ludian M6.5 earthquake. By the end of 2017, we got 260 focal mechanism solutions in the aftershock area of the Ludian MS6.5 earthquake of Aug 3rd, 2014, which show an "L-shape" in distribution and are dominated by thrust and strike-slip faulting. The long axis is distributed in EW direction, and the short axis is distributed in near NNW direction. The strikes of nodal planes are mainly near EW and near NE, and the nodal planes in the NW direction are less. According to characteristics of a large number of focal mechanism solutions, we deduce that there may exist a buried structure in the EW direction, the seismicity is controlled by different types of faults and the seismogenic structure is very complex. 4)The centroid depth in each region is concentrated in the range of 5~15km, indicating that the seismogenic layer in the study area is 5~15km deep in the middle and upper crust. 相似文献
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本文应用传播函数矩阵的方法把Fuchs和Müller计算合成地震图的反射率法推广到层状不均匀介质中。在高频条件下,每层的基本矩阵用WKBJ渐近解表示,同时考虑到射线具有迴折点的情形。实例表明,这一算法是可行的,与原方法相比,在计算层状不均匀介质中的合成地震图方面可节省大量的计算机时。 相似文献
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肃南5.7级地震序列震源机制研究及其前兆意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用Ｐ、Ｓ波振幅比方法反演了１９８８年１１月２２日肃南５．７级地震序列的震源机制,计算了对应的Ｐ轴Ｔ轴。结果表明,前震的一组节面比较集中且与主震断层面大体一致,其主压应力轴也表现出对的集中,而余震（以及以后发生在该地区的一些小震）的断层面解则比较散乱,但总体上仍与该区的主要断层保持大体一致,但是余震的Ｐ轴和Ｔ轴则表现更大的散乱。由此我们可以认为,中强地震发生前震源区微震震源机制的相对一致性是发震断层 相似文献
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R. RUDOLPH 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(2):126-131
Abstract Beginning with an energy loss relation of the form S = aVn, it is possible to describe a number of basic analytical types of flows. The derived general equation may be shown to give solutions for simple cases such as radial and vortex flows as well as reducing to Laplace's equation. Laminar flow is a special case with n = 1, and further solutions range from laminar to fully turbulent flow. 相似文献