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斜贯中国东部地区的大兴安岭 -太行山 -武陵山重力梯级带是一条地壳深部构造变异带。选择与其中段———太行山重力梯级带相垂直的阜平 -定州剖面 ,利用人工地震测深与布格重力异常资料 ,进行了地壳 -上地幔密度反演分析。结果表明 ,该剖面的地壳 -上地幔密度分布具有明显的不均匀性。总体特征是剖面西部密度较低 ,东部密度较高 ,地壳厚度的横向变化基本上决定了布格重力异常梯级带的形成。结合华北地区的中新生代构造演化 ,认为太行山重力梯级带是燕山期以后形成的 ,它与板块之间的相互作用及上地幔热物质的运动相关 相似文献
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大兴安岭域，包括大兴安岭及其两侧盆地，穿过额尔古纳地块、兴安地块、松嫩地块和辽源地体.本文在东北地区已有的近东西向的全球地学断面（GGT）资料基础上，在大兴安岭两侧补充了2条近南北向的地球物理剖面，组构了综合地球物理栅状图；又结合区域内其他7条经综合解译的地球物理剖面，分析讨论了研究区壳幔结构特征及其地质意义.论文得到如下初步结果：（1）研究区莫霍界面以大兴安岭重力梯级带为分界，西部和东部深度有明显差异；以索伦山-西拉木伦河缝合带为界的南北岩石圈-软流圈界面（LAB）深度、软流圈有明显差异.呈现出地壳东西分带、岩石圈地幔南北分块的特征.（2）额尔古纳-兴安微板块具有较稳定的岩石圈地幔组构，与南部的中朝板块的岩石圈地幔具有较大差别；额尔古纳地块与西伯利亚板块的岩石圈特征更为接近.（3）获得古缝合带位置线索.林西以南的翁牛特下方存在明显的LAB南北向抬升，这是古亚洲洋闭合在岩石圈尺度上留下的遗迹；索伦山缝合带东延至西拉木伦河，是古亚洲洋闭合的场所.（4）大兴安岭域跨过两条板块缝合带，该区域北部与中部岩石圈组构特征相近，但它们的岩石圈地幔基底并不相同，这是在塔源-喜桂图缝合带于早古生代的拼合之后由数亿年的长期壳幔物质横向均衡作用所致. 相似文献
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中国东北地区在古生代期间以众多微陆块的拼合以及古亚洲洋的闭合为特征,其后又经历了中-新生代太平洋构造域及中生代蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造域的叠加与改造,以致东北地区的构造行迹显得极为复杂,而大兴安岭重力梯级带及其西部地区构造演化是否与西太平洋俯冲有关仍然存在争议.本研究利用分布于中国东北、华北地区以及韩国、日本等部分台网所接收的近震与远震走时数据获得了中国东北地区壳幔精细的三维P波速度结构.成像结果显示,太平洋板块持续西向俯冲,俯冲板片的前缘停滞在大兴安岭—太行山重力梯度带以东区域的地幔转换带之中;长白山火山区上地幔存在着显著的低速异常体,推测西太平洋板块的深俯冲脱水导致了上地幔底部岩石的熔点降低,从而形成了大范围的部分熔融物质上涌.通过分析上地幔的速度结构,我们认为由于太平洋板块的大规模西向深俯冲,在大地幔楔中发生板片脱水、低速热物质上涌等复杂的地球动力学过程;俯冲板片前缘带动上地幔中不均匀分布的地幔流强烈作用于上部的岩石圈,这对东北地区深部壳幔结构乃至大兴安岭重力梯级带的形成、演化有着重要的影响. 相似文献
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叙述满洲里－绥芬河地学断面的地球物理成果．断面全长１３００ｋｍ，穿越了中国东北的大兴安岭岩浆岩带和张广才岭岩浆岩带，松辽盆地和海拉尔盆地，以及郯庐断裂北延部分的敦化－密山断裂、佳木斯－伊通断裂．结合地质资料，解释了断面多种地球物理方法的资料，包括重力、磁力、大地电磁（ＭＴ）、地震（广角地震测深、垂直反射地震与天然地震）、地热、古地磁以及综合解释，给出了断面岩石层构造的地球物理解释模型．讨论了松辽盆地基底的性质、莫霍界面的性质、大兴安岭重力梯级带的特征与成因，以及断面域地块拼合过程．研究结果认为，东北亚大地是一个拼合的增生大陆，是世界上一种新型的小地块碰撞拼合时受大洋板块俯冲的应力场作用形成的盆、山相间结构． 相似文献
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本文提出在综合地球物理研究中，为了使重力数据处理和反演更加符合实际的地质情况，重力-地震联合建模分析时应当考虑非均匀地幔物质的重力效应.本文针对含油气盆地结构、断裂构造、大陆边缘演化和洋陆转换带等热点地质问题，广泛调研了全球范围内多个地区的综合地球物理研究成果，及其对应的地幔深部结构，发现地幔的横向不均一性是普遍存在的.在以往许多基于重力、地震数据的综合研究实践中，重力异常分离和建模分析通常都是在地壳内部（莫霍面以上）进行的.这种处理方式实际上是以均匀地幔为假设前提，虽然简化了重力异常分离和建模分析的难度，但忽略了地球深部的不均匀性所带来的重力异常，所获得的剩余重力异常和在此基础上进行的密度结构反演、地质解释会存在偏差.本文通过对模型界面的2D正演，定量探讨了非均匀地幔对布格重力异常的影响.在对四川盆地的实例研究中，剥离了非均匀地幔的重力效应，2.5D重震联合模拟的结果明显优于均匀地幔假设条件下的结果. 相似文献
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青藏高原内部除大规模的东西向走滑断裂以外,另一个显著的地质特征就是在藏南及高原腹地广泛发育东西向的伸展构造,形成走向近南北的断裂构造,如亚东一谷露裂谷带及双湖断裂.伸展构造已经成为青藏高原地质研究的一个焦点问题.在羌塘地块89°E附近存在明显的低重力、负磁、深度达300 km的低速异常及连通壳幔的高导异常,且地表伴生大规模的新生代火山岩,这些特殊的地质及地球物理场特征的发生位置与地表双湖断裂的位置基本对应.本文通过卫星重力数据的多尺度小波分析结果发现,双湖断裂之下,存在一明显由上地壳一直向下延伸至地幔深部的低重力异常,说明双湖断裂向下延伸深度大,且上下连通性好.结合已有的地质和地球物理资料,认为由于双湖断裂的存在,使得深部幔源岩浆沿断裂构造薄弱带上涌,从而导致羌塘地块之下壳幔温度的升高及大规模部分熔融的发生. 相似文献
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青藏高原重力场与壳幔结构分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文基于重力资料, 分析了青藏高原壳幔结构模型、 高原陆内形变动力学条件、 高原深部物质运动特征及动力学机制。 研究表明, 重力布格异常和自由空间异常除了分别反映大地水准面之下的“剩余”密度信息和大地水准面之上的“附加”密度信息之外, 还可以组合在一起反映壳幔结构的流变学信息。 在整体处于Airy 重力均衡状态下, 如果局部布格异常与空间异常同向减小, 则是弱地壳强地幔的反映; 如果布格异常减小空间异常增大, 则是强地壳弱地幔的反映。 笔者认为, 青藏高原南部多为强地壳弱地幔地段, 东部既有强地壳弱地幔地段, 也有下地壳柔性-上地幔脆性地段, 北部多为弱地壳强地幔地段。 高原南北两侧板块边界的挤压力对高原做功, 重力位能使高原物质向低位势转移, 产生流变变形, 导致南区和北区主要为挤压变形区, 东区主要为构造伸展-侧向挤出区。 由于壳幔结构的差异, 不同地区驱动变形所需位能大小不同。 相同位能条件下, 南部更易于隆升, 东部更易于流变伸展。 相似文献
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利用重磁资料研究莺-琼盆地构造分界及其两侧断裂特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
莺-琼盆地(即莺歌海盆地和琼东南盆地)位于印支地块与华南大陆交汇处,该区域地质构造复杂,为南海西北走滑型和伸展型陆缘的交汇区,也是印澳-欧亚板块碰撞“挤出-逃逸构造区”和“古南海俯冲-拖曳构造区”.莺-琼盆地的北部以红河断裂带中1号断裂为界,前人对其认识比较统一,但莺-琼盆地南部由于地质和地球物理资料较少、研究程度低,以致其构造格局及分界位置不明确.通过对重、磁资料的处理,认为在莺-琼盆地分界的北段存在明显的重力异常和磁力异常梯级带,该梯级带与1号断裂位置相对应;在其南段存在明显的重力异常和磁力异常高值带,推断该高值带为一“中建凸起”,结合重、磁对应分析技术确定了该“中建凸起”的分布范围.采用重、磁异常归一化总水平导数垂向导数技术识别出控制莺-琼盆地分界两侧的断裂构造,在分界以西断裂走向主要为北北西向,分界以东主要为北东向.通过地质和地球物理综合研究认为莺-琼盆地的北段以1号断裂为界,南段以“中建凸起”为界. 相似文献
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为查明滇西三江构造带及邻区复杂的构造特征,并揭示该区深部电性结构,沿福贡—巧家布设了一条长约410 km的大地电磁剖面.共观测到61个物理点,其中宽频大地电磁测点41个,长周期大地电磁测点20个.通过对采集到的数据进行一系列的处理、反演,得到了沿剖面的壳幔电性结构模型.并结合研究区内区域地质资料及其他地球物理资料,对剖面所经过的各个主要地质构造单元及主要断裂带进行了综合解释.电性结构模型揭示沿剖面地壳电性层次复杂,深部电性结构由西往东呈分块展布,横向变化大,壳内广泛发育低阻异常.在中甸构造带(香格里拉地块)和盐源—永胜构造带深部壳幔存在大规模低阻异常,这可能与地下局部熔融体和地热流有关;康滇构造带壳幔存在大规模高阻异常,表明地壳中曾经有地幔物质侵入;在大凉山构造带地下10~50 km深处存在一呈横向“半月形”展布的低阻体,电阻率值不满10Ωm,结合地质资料与前人的研究成果,推测该低阻体成因应与青藏高原东南缘“地壳管道流”有一定关联. 相似文献
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南海经历了中生代主动大陆边缘到新生代被动大陆边缘的转换,其岩石层地球物理场具有明显的块、带特征.本文通过综合分析南海地区深地震探测、面波层析成像、重磁异常以及地热与岩石层流变学等各种地质地球物理资料,对南海地壳及岩石层的综合地球物理特征进行了深入总结,发现深地震探测剖面所确定的洋、陆壳转换位置与空间重力异常梯级带位置较为一致,据此拟定了南海洋、陆壳的转换边界;依据多条地壳结构剖面中拉张减薄的程度确定了正常减薄陆壳、洋陆壳过渡带及洋壳等属性特征,并初步圈定了南海下地壳高速层的分布范围.对比分析了南、北陆缘地壳结构及其拉张减薄的变化特征,从综合地球物理特征的相似性上推测了北部陆缘的中西沙陆块与南部陆缘的南沙礼乐滩陆块具有共轭对称性.依据S波速度梯度变化确定了南海岩石层厚度分布情况,揭示出南海北部陆缘存在一条岩石层厚度的减薄带,且该减薄带与高热流带具有较好的一致性.在综合分析的基础上,以深地震探测剖面与重、磁异常变化的对应性为基础,划定了南海边界构造的位置. 相似文献
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A study of the available gravity, magnetic and geoelectrical data for the Proterozoic Namaqua-Natal Belt of South Africa shows that the boundaries of this tectonic province have distinct geophysical signatures. The southern boundary is marked by a large static field magnetic anomaly and a transition from electrically resistive to conductive crust. The northern margin of the belt is associated with a distinctive gravity signature. These geophysical signatures proved ideal to extrapolate and interpolate the boundaries of the Namaqua-Natal Belt, especially through areas where the transition is covered by Phanerozoic sediments. Numeraial modelling of the gravity data shows that a simple model of uplift in the Namaqua-Natal Belt associated with differential movement along a faulted transition to the older provinces can explain the gravity signature. This model is consistent with the development of the Namaqua-Natal Belt in its final stages as part of an Andean mountain belt with northward subduction and the associated trench south of the southern boundary of the belt. The Andean model of crustal development for this Proterozoic province is consistent with features such as the large quantity of calcalkaline magmatism, the low-pressure, high-temperature metamorphism, the metamorphic zonation and differential uplift along the northern margin, the major mantle derived contribution to the crust between 1300 and 1200 Ma ago and the deformational history. 相似文献
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TAN Hong-bo SHEN Chong-yang XUAN Song-bai WU Gui-ju YANG Guang-liang WANG Jian 《地震地质》2017,39(2):356-373
The main rupture of Ludian MS6.5 earthquake is directed to the northwest, which occurred in the east of Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault zone. The epicenter is in the transitional zone of the Sichuan-Yunnan block and the South China block, where there are many slip and nappe structures. Some controversy still remains on the earthquake tectonic environment. So, Bouguer gravity anomalies calculated by EGM2008 were broken down into 1-5 ranks using the way of Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT), then we get the lateral heterogeneity in different depths of the crust. The distribution characteristics of Bouguer gravity anomaly are analyzed using measured gravity profile data. We also get its normalized full gradient(NFG)picture, and study the differences between different depths in crust. The results show that: (1)the characteristic of Buoguer gravity anomaly in southwest to northeast is high-low-high between the Lianfeng Fault(LFF)and Zhaotong-Ludian Fault(ZLF). The mainshock and aftershocks are distributed in the middle of the low-value zone, which means that the east moving materials of Qinghai-Tibet plateau broke through the southern section of Lianfeng Fault(LFF), moving along the Baogunao-Xiaohe zone(low-value belt)to the southeast, stopped by the Zhaotong-Ludian Fault(ZLF), and then earthquake occurred.(2)The third-order discrete wavelet transform(DWT)details show that: there is a good consistency between the negative gravity anomaly in upper crust and the distribution of major faults, which reflects that the rupture caused by the movements of the faults in crust has reduced gravity anomaly. There is a NW-trending negative anomaly belt near the epicenter, which may has some relationship to the southward development of the Daliangshan Fault(DLSF). So we speculate that the southward movement of Daliangshan Fault is the main direct force source of Ludian earthquake.(3)In the picture of the fourth-order DWT details, there is an obvious positive gravity anomaly under the epicenter of Ludian earthquake, which confirms the presence of a high-density body in the middle crust. While the fifth-order DWT details show that: A positive anomaly belt is below the epicenter too, which may be caused by mantle material intruding to the lower crust. Tensile force in crust caused by mantle uplift and extrusion-torsion force caused by Indian plate push are the main force source in the tensile and strike slip movement of the Ludian earthquake.(4)The normalized total gradient of Bouguer gravity anomalies of Huili-Ludian-Zhaotong profile shows that: there is obvious ‘deformation’ in the Xiaojiang fault zone which dips to the east and controls the local crust movement. There is a local ‘constant body’ at the bottom of the epicenter. The stable constant body in density has limiting effects to the earthquake rupture, which is the reason that the earthquake rupture' scale in strike and in depth are limited.(5)The ability of earthquake preparation in Zhaotong-Ludian Fault is lower than the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault zone, and the maximum earthquake capacity in this area should be around magnitude 7. 相似文献
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CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTI-SCALE GRAVITY FIELD VARIATION AND SEISMOGENIC MECHANISM ANALYSIS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN TIBETAN PLATEAU 
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下载免费PDF全文 CHEN Zhao-hui MENG Xiao-hong ZHANG Shuang-xi LIU Jin-zhao WANG Tong-qing ZHANG Pin WEI Shao-gang 《地震地质》2019,41(3):690-703
As the most basic geophysical field, the earth gravity field has achieved wide attention, and its spatial anomaly characteristics and dynamic variation can provide important scientific basis for studying the internal structure and dynamics of the Earth. Based on the mobile gravity observation data of the southeastern Tibetan plateau from 2013 to 2016, the dynamic variation tendency and anomaly characteristics of the regional gravity field in different temporal resolutions are obtained before and after the Ludian and Jinggu earthquakes in the study area respectively. The method of wavelet multi-scale decomposition is used to analyze the relationships of gravity field variation with the earth movement, material density change, and strong earthquake preparation. The deep material variation, dynamic process and the mechanism of earthquake inoculation in the southeastern Tibetan plateau are further discussed. Results indicate that the gravity field variation in the source region before the Ludian and Jinggu earthquake respectively is characterized by obvious positive and negative anomalous transition zone and gradient zone that are consistent with the direction of fault tectonics, suggesting the strong crustal movement and mass migration during the earthquake incubation period. The result of wavelet multi-scale decomposition of the gravity field during the period from September 2013 to April 2014 shows that the gravity field variation at different depth and space scale in the crust and upper mantle of the southeastern Tibetan plateau is significantly correlated with seismic distribution and the location of active fault zone. This indicates that the earthquake inoculation in the study area is closely related to the fault movement and the distribution of material density in the crust and upper mantle, which may be affected by the complex deep dynamic process of the material migration in the crust and mantle. The characteristic that strong earthquakes always occur near positive and negative anomaly transition zones and gradient zones of gravity field change is preliminarily explained, based on the dynamic process of material migration in the crust and upper mantle of the southeastern Tibetan plateau. The research results of this paper have some reference value to the study on the earth movement and seismogenic mechanism. 相似文献
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青藏高原东北缘重力异常多尺度横向构造分析 总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2
本文研究了青藏高原东北缘地区布格重力异常特征,采用优化滤波法和归一化总水平梯度垂直导数法对研究区重力异常进行多尺度分离和横向构造分析.分离出的多尺度重力异常特征表明:1) 青藏高原东北缘地区大致以东经106°线为界,有一条醒目的重力异常梯级带,即贺兰山-六盘山-川滇南北构造带的北段,其东西两侧布格重力异常特征在形态和走向上截然不同,意味着两侧密度结构和构造特征存在明显差异. 2) 鄂尔多斯地块内部定边以北,重力异常高带走向由北东向转为近南北向,推测定边附近存在一个密度或构造界面,其两侧物质组成和构造特征具有差异,对比大尺度重力异常和中尺度重力异常,表明异常特征的这种差异主要是由上地幔深部结构引起的. 3) 青藏高原东北部各块体深部边界位置与地表构造分布不同,反映出该区构造复杂,深浅构造差异大. 4) 由于印度-欧亚板块碰撞及随后印度板块持续向北的挤压作用,造成青藏高原东北缘中、下地壳物质在巨大的北东向推挤力和鄂尔多斯刚性块体阻挡的共同作用下,沿着相对软弱的秦岭造山带方向蠕动.依据多尺度重力异常及其横向构造特征,综合推断出研究区内五条断裂带,即秦岭地轴北缘断裂带、海原-六盘山断裂带、香山-天景山断裂带、烟筒山断裂带和青铜峡-固原断裂带,并分析了它们在地壳深部的可能展布特征. 相似文献
17.
羌塘盆地及周边地带地球物理场与油气深部构造背景初探 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：7
本文对已有的地球物理场资料、地壳与上地幔结构的概略展布以及青藏的高原的大地构造格局进行了综合分析。结果表明：该区沉积层巨厚，重力场表现为负异常，地壳底部与上地幔顶部相对周边造山带上隆，低速异常分布，地幔对流向生此向下聚集，这些要素提出：羌塘盆地具有构成新油气田的深部构造背景和地球物理场特征，基于这些初步认识，文中最后提出了对该盆地进行深化研究的建议。 相似文献
18.
TRANSVERSE STRUCTURES FEATURES OF DIFFERENT DEPTHS DERIVED FROM BOUGUER GRAVITY ANOMALIES IN THE SOUTHERN SEGMENT OF TAN-LU FAULT ZONE 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 WANG Xin ZHANG Jing-fa JIANG Wen-liang JIANG Hong-bo TIAN Tian GAO Min FU Ping-jie 《地震地质》2016,38(2):370-385
To research the faults distribution and deep structures in the southern segment of Tan-Lu fault zone(TLFZ) and its adjacent area, this paper collects the Bouguer gravity data and makes separation by the multi-scale wavelet analysis method to analyze the crustal transverse structure of different depths. Meanwhile Moho interface is inversed by Parker variable density model. Research indicates that the southern segment of TLFZ behaves as a NNE-directed large-scale regional field gravity gradient zone, which separates the west North China-Dabie orogen block and the east Yangtze block, cutting the whole crust and lithosphere mantle. There are quite differences of density structures and tectonic features between both sides of this gradient belt. The sedimentary and upper crustal density structure is complex. The two east branches of TLFZ behave as linear gravity anomalous belt throughout the region, whereas the two west branches of TLFZ continue to extend after truncating the EW-trending gravity anomaly body. The lower crustal density structure is relatively simple. TLFZ behaves as a broad and gentle low abnormal belt, which reflects the Cretaceous-Paleogene extension environment caused graben structure. The two west branches of TLFZ, running through Hefei city, extend southward along the west margin of Feidong depression and pinch out in Shucheng area due to the high density trap occlusions in the south of Shucheng. The Feizhong Fault, Liu'an-Hefei Fault, and Feixi-Hanbaidu Fault intersect the two west branch faults of TLFZ without extending to the east. Recent epicenters are mainly located in conversion zones between the high-density and the low-density anomaly, especially in TLFZ and the junction of the faults, where earthquakes frequently occurred in the upper and middle crust. As strong earthquakes rarely occur in the southern segment of TLFZ, considering its deep feature of abrupt change of the Moho and intersections with many EW-trending faults, the hazard of strong earthquake cannot be ignored. 相似文献
19.
在青藏高原东北缘祁连山造山带至阿拉善地块之间完成了一条372km的大地电磁剖面,通过二维反演计算,获得了沿剖面180km深的壳幔电性结构模型,结合研究区地质和地球物理资料开展综合分析,研究结果表明:(1)剖面自南向北所经过的祁连山造山带、走廊过渡带和阿拉善地块对应3种壳幔电性结构模型:东祁连壳幔高-低-高阻似层状电性结构、河西走廊壳幔低阻带状电性结构和阿拉善南缘壳幔高-低-高阻层状电性结构.(2)剖面所经过的主要断裂带在电性结构上表现为低阻异常带或电性梯度带,并且止于中上地壳或消失于下地壳低阻层中.除这些分布于中上地壳的断裂系统以外,在下地壳至上地幔顶部还存在两条切割莫霍面的壳幔韧性剪切带:西华山北缘壳幔韧性剪切带和阿拉善南缘壳幔韧性剪切带.其中,西华山北缘壳幔韧性剪切带可能是1920年海原8.6级地震发生的深部背景之一;而阿拉善南缘壳幔剪切带可能是卫宁北山燕山晚期和喜山期幔源岩浆上升到地壳浅部或喷出到地表的通道,为在该区域寻找晚中生代至新生代含矿隐伏岩体提供了深部电性结构依据.(3)由若干形状不规则、彼此不相连的"碎块状"极高阻块体组成的中上地壳与"似层状"的中下地壳低阻层共同构成的地壳电性结构,是引起青藏高原东北缘强烈破坏性地震最佳的地壳电性结构组合之一.印度板块向欧亚板块俯冲碰撞楔入引起青藏高原块体向北东方向运移与阿拉善地块向南的俯冲碰撞楔入,是青藏高原东北缘强震活动带产生的动力学背景. 相似文献