共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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对于转换波地震勘探中的转换点位置这个重要问题,提出转换点位置不仅与纵横波速度比,偏移距深度比以及源检距有关,还与地下介质的各向异性的性质有关,计算了忽略地下介质的各向异性影响对转换点的确定带来的严重误差,从而影响地下地质体的精确成像.通过对层状VTI介质中的转换点近似方程的推导过程,引入该方程不同于传统方程的导出是对层状各向同性介质而言,该方程通过引入各向异性参数,使我们对转换波可以有进一步的认识,拓展了转换波处理中各向异性的应用.该方程对于偏移距深度比小于3.0的情况是比较准确的,这对于大偏移距转换波勘探具有实际意义. 相似文献
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在反射地震转换波资料处理中,准确求取共转换点一直是一个难题,采用叠前时间偏移技术能避免共转换点道集的抽取,而且能够使转换波归位到真正的反射点上,实现准确成像.本文针对火山岩地震屏蔽层的转换波成像问题,通过对转换波共近似转换点道集进行速度分析,建立了转换波叠前时间偏移的初始速度场,通过速度扫描和纵、横波速度比值扫描确定最佳的偏移速度场和纵、横波速度比值,实现了在火山岩高速层覆盖区域的转换波偏移成像.实际资料的成像结果表明,本文采用的近似转换点计算以及转换波叠前时间偏移方法是有效的. 相似文献
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目前人们利用4种基本的地震波现象研究地震各向异性,如横波双折射、面波散射、与传播方向有关的走时异常和PS转换波震相.本文利用面波散射产生的Quasi-Love（QL）波研究青藏高原上地幔顶部的各向异性结构特征.首先利用中国地震台网昌都（CAD）台记录的地震波形资料识别出产生QL波的路径,并利用合成地震记录和垂直偏振极性分析证实所观测到的为QL波,而不是高阶振型的Rayleigh波或其他体波震相;然后由Rayleigh波、Love波和QL波的群速度估算了各向异性结构横向变化的转换点;不同周期时,转换点的位置不同,这种频率依赖性还需要进一步的模拟研究.Love波向Rayleigh波耦合（产生QL波）的转换点位置揭示了青藏高原面波方位各向异性变化特征,并以南北向构造带的东西分段性、上地幔流引起的地球内力诱导岩石形变解释了青藏高原各向异性的东西向差异性. 相似文献
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转换波共转换点的叠加和道集选取都需要准确地计算转换点的位置.Tessmer和Behle、Taylor分别给出了水平单层介质中P SV转换波转换点坐标的解析解,由于其表达式的复杂性,在应用中几乎不被采用.在本文中,运用Snell定律重新建立了在水平反射界面上反射的P SV转换波的转换点坐标的四次方程,并严格地推导出与纵波速度、横波速度、炮检距和反射深度有关的转换点坐标的解析解,确定了惟一的解析表达式.将这一结果应用于P SV转换波的速度分析和叠加处理中.简化的公式有较好的应用价值. 相似文献
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P-SV转换波处理与传统的P-P波处理有很大的不同,如S波静校正、CCP叠加、P-SV速度分析和偏移等,其中最大的难题就是S波静校正问题.S波速度基本不受潜水面的影响,与纵波静校正没有直接相关性,有时横波静校正量能达到纵波静校正量的十倍,用纵波静校正量乘以比例系数来解决横波静校正问题将导致较大误差.同一接收点X和Z分量存在一定的初至时差,该时差代表了P波和S波在低降速带的走时差,可以利用该时差和近地表纵横波速度比信息去除低降速带对横波的影响,得到准确的静校正量.本文利用多分量初至时差推导了较为精确的横波静校正公式,再结合共检波点叠加求取剩余静校正量的方法,形成了完整的转换波静校正配套方法.利用该方法对苏里格气田二维及三维多波地震资料进行了实际处理,数据处理结果证明了该方法的有效性,该方法尤其适用于其他方法难以奏效的风化层较厚地区的横波静校正量求解,该方法也同时考虑了长波长横波静校正问题. 相似文献
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转换点位置的计算是转换波资料处理中的一个关键问题. 本文提出了分别基于速度随深度线性变化、速度随垂直走时线性变化、慢度随深度线性变化和慢度随垂直走时线性变化四种等效垂向非均匀介质情况下转换点位置的计算方法. 研究了通过速度拟合、走时近似和相似系数谱三种方式选择合适的等效速度方法. 结合理论模型对非均匀介质转换点计算方法、渐进转换点计算方法、Thomsen近似公式和均匀介质解析计算方法的误差进行了分析，结果表明非均匀介质转换点计算方法能更准确地计算转换点位置. 相似文献
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目前转换波处理主要局限在水平层假设的前提下,使用斜层共转换点叠加有助于缩短处理流程,提高剖面质量.基于射线定律和几何关系,推导出了单一斜层的转换点位置迭代公式和解析表达式,对不同的深度比,速度比和角度正弦对转换点位置的影响作出分析并与平层渐近转换点公式对比.应用斜层方法对单一煤层进行速度比扫描,提取该属性并对煤层叠加成像,比平层假设方法更能反映目的层的变化.进一步使用插值模型使连续层叠加不再使用拼接方式,而是采用逐个采样点归位叠加的方式形成完整意义上的剖面.对实际资料的三个煤层和新生界进行了方法实验,比单一斜层叠加和水平层假设的效果有所提高. 相似文献
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转换波共转换点(Common Conversion Point简称CCP)叠加的关键在于CCP抽道集和非双曲线正常时差校正NMO(Normal MoveOut). 目前方法的精度限制了其在中-浅层或大炮检距情况下的应用. 我们对CCP叠加技术进行了系统研究,导出了新的CCP位置计算公式和非双曲线时距关系式,并给出了具体的CCP抽道集方法. 理论模型试验和实验资料处理表明本文方法精度高、简便易行,特别是对于中-浅层和大炮检距情况也能得到良好的叠加效果. 相似文献
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Based on the empirical Gardner equation describing the relationship between density and compressional wave velocity, the converted wave reflection coefficient extrema attributes for AVO analysis are proposed and the relations between the extrema position and amplitude, average velocity ratio across the interface, and shear wave reflection coefficient are derived. The extrema position is a monotonically decreasing function of average velocity ratio, and the extrema amplitude is a function of average velocity ratio and shear wave reflection coefficient. For theoretical models, the average velocity ratio and shear wave reflection coefficient are inverted from the extrema position and amplitude obtained from fitting a power function to converted wave AVO curves. Shear wave reflection coefficient sections have clearer physical meaning than conventional converted wave stacked sections and establish the theoretical foundation for geological structural interpretation and event correlation. ＂The method of inverting average velocity ratio and shear wave reflection coefficient from the extrema position and amplitude obtained from fitting a power function is applied to real CCP gathers. The inverted average velocity ratios are consistent with those computed from compressional and shear wave well logs. 相似文献
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《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(Z2)
Three-component seismic exploration through P-wave source and three-component geophone is an effective technique used in complicated reservoir exploration. In three-component seismic exploration data processing,one of the difficulties is static correction of converted wave. This paper analyzes propagation characteristics of non-converted and converted refracted waves,and discovers a favor-able condition for the formation of converted refracted wave,i.e. the velocity of overlaying medium S wave is much lower than that of underlying medium S wave. In addition,the paper proposes the static correction method of converted wave based on PPS converted refracted wave,and processes the real three-component seismic data with better results of static correction of converted wave. 相似文献
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基于虚拟偏移距方法的各向异性转换波保幅叠前时间偏移 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
In this paper, we use the method of pseudo-offset migration （POM） to complete converted wave pre-stack time migration with amplitude-preservation in an anisotropic medium. The method maps the original traces into common conversion scatter point （CCSP） gathers directly by POM, which simplifies the conventional processing procedure for converted waves. The POM gather fold and SNR are high, which is favorable for velocity analysis and especially suitable for seismic data with low SNR. We used equivalent anisotropic theory to compute anisotropic parameters. Based on the scattering wave traveltime equation in a VTI medium, the POM pseudo-offset migration in anisotropic media was deduced. By amplitude-preserving POM gather mapping, velocity analysis, stack processing, and so on, the anisotropic migration results were acquired. The forward modeling computation and actual data processing demonstrate the validity of converted wave pre-stack time migration with amplitude-preservation using the anisotropic POM method. 相似文献
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常规的转换波静校正的基本思想都是从地震波的运动学特征出发,基于地表一致性假设.在地表条件复杂和地表高程相差较大的地区,它不仅无法解决严重的静校正问题,反而会带来新的畸变.本文基于频率波数域波动方程偏移原理,采用波场延拓方法实现转换波静校正,其关键点在于时间空间域和频率波数域的相对应.文中通过坐标变换将起伏地表转化为新坐标系下的水平地表,把炮点和检波点映射到同一水平面上,然后在新坐标系下推导频率域波动方程延拓公式,接着对下行波P和上行转换波SV分别利用近地表速度向上延拓到基准面,恢复起伏地表到基准面之间的真实波场,最后转换到原始坐标系取出基准面数据完成转换波静校正.通过对模拟和实际数据处理,证明该方法是正确和有效的. 相似文献
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VSP 转换波跟VSP 纵波或常规地面转换波相比，具有较高的分辨率和信噪比，但传统的VSP成像方法只利用了反射P波信息，而把转换波（反射S波、透射S波）以及透射P波当作影响成像质量的噪音.本文给出了一种VSP共炮点道集多分量地震资料克希霍夫法偏移成像的方法.本方法充分利用了多波（反射P波、反射S波、透射P波、透射S波）信息，根据转换点处四种波同时起跳，能量叠加最大的原理，从接收点分别用向绕射点延拓它们的能量，并将其叠加起来，求得的和最大的一点即反射点.通过模型试算和实际资料处理表明，此法成像精度高，信噪比高，且有利于改善剖面的频率特性. 相似文献
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VARIATION OF THE TRAVEL TIME DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TELESEISMIC PS CONVERTED WAVE AND PP TRANSMITTED WAVE IN FOCAL REGION BEFORE AND AFTER WENCHUAN MS8.0 EARTHQUAKE 
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下载免费PDF全文 When P waves from distant earthquakes meet a velocity discontinuity in the earth's crust and upper mantle, they give rise to a series of converted PS waves besides PP refracted waves. It is possible to monitor the variation of the physical properties of the medium in the limited formation space above the transition zone of the seismogenic zone by measuring the time difference between the teleseismic PS converted wave and the first arrival P wave, that is, time-variation ΔtPS=tPS-tP. The advantage of this method is that the transition point of the teleseismic source with similar source is relatively stable at the transition interface, and the accuracy of the measured relative time is high, and the change of the medium in a small range of the seismogenic zone above the conversion interface can be monitored.
This paper studies the variation of the travel time difference ΔtPS in focal region before and after Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake. We select 2001 to 2012 as the research period, use teleseismic waveforms which occurred in the southern region of Sumatra and Hindu Kush area recorded by Sichuan station YZP and JJS. These teleseisms satisfy 5.0 ≤ M ≤ 6.5, and their waveform signal-to-noise ratio is high with clear initial P-wave motion. The epicentral distance of teleseisms is less than 3 degrees. Then we obtain the variation of the travel time difference ΔtPS between teleseismic PS converted wave and PP transmitted wave recorded during the study period in the two stations. The results show that there is a slow increasing trend of ΔtPS before 2006, and an obvious low value process of ΔtPS appeared in the period about 2 years before the Wenchuan earthquake. The maximum decline was about 0.2~0.3s, more than 4~5 times the measurement error. The low value has a certain degree of return about 2~3 months before the earthquake.
The change of arrival time difference indicates that the medium is in different states in different periods of seismogenic process. The sharp decrease in ΔtPS from 2006 to January 2008 may be due to the strong disturbance caused by the stress accumulation of the medium. At this stage, the velocity of P wave and S wave increases with the increase of stress, and the increase of S wave velocity will result in the decrease of ΔtPS. The change of ΔtPS is greatly affected by S wave velocity, so ΔtPS appears to decrease rapidly. Regarding the low value that has a certain degree of return about 2~3 months before the Wenchuan earthquake, the possible reason is that the release of stress is much higher than the accumulation of stress in meta-instability stage. At this stage, the velocity of S wave decreases and the decrease of S wave causes ΔtPS to increase. Then, the Wenchuan earthquake of magnitude 8.0 occurred. It is shown that the teleseismic converted wave method in this paper can monitor the variation of medium's wave velocity before large earthquakes, and it has a good prospect in seismic monitoring and worth further experimental study. 相似文献
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P－SV转换波的一种处理方法─叠前抽道集法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文利用纵波和横波的迭加速度资料来计算Ｐ－ＳＶ波勘探中转换点的近似位置。再按转换点对Ｐ－ＳＶ波重新抽道集，得到可与反射资料ＣＭＰ道集相兼容的时间剖面图。利用理论模型对上述方法进行了可靠性检验，并用该方法对实际资料作了处理。同时还得到了实际资料的Ｐ波和Ｐ－ＳＶ波的彩色振幅比剖面图。结果表明：采用改进的叠前抽道集法所得到的剖面图具有很好的空间分辨率。 相似文献