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《地震现场工作第4部分:灾害直接损失评估》(GB/T18208.4—2005)提出了简易房屋概念,并将房屋建筑原有的5个破坏等级进行了适当的合并,简化为简易房屋的3个破坏等级。遵循破坏等级合并原理,通过对云南地区已有震例房屋建筑破坏比与简易房屋地震失去住所人数之间相互关系的深入研究,给出简易房屋地震失去住所人数估算公式。 相似文献
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2017年5月11日新疆塔什库尔干5.5级地震给震区建筑结构造成了不同程度破坏。选择震区钢筋混凝土（RC）框架结构、砖混结构以及土石木结构等3类典型建筑结构，介绍了各类建筑结构地震破坏特点，分析了震害特征与破坏机理。结果表明:RC框架结构在地震中表现出了优异的抗震性能，即使在震中区，破坏也仅仅表现为非结构性破坏，如填充墙开裂和吊顶脱落等；砖混结构绝大多数抗震性能优良，仅震中区的少数建筑物发生了承重墙墙体开裂情况；土石木结构房屋抗震性能最差，地震破坏最为严重，是导致该次地震人员伤亡主要原因。建议地震高烈度设防区房屋建筑应采用抗震性能较好的RC框架结构和砖混结构，而抗震性能差的土石木建筑房屋应尽量避免继续建设和使用。结果可供类似地区房屋建设和建筑结构抗震设计等工作参考。 相似文献
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1996年2月3日云南丽江7.0级地震丽江县城震害统计和损失评估 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
在丽江７．０级地震中，丽江县城大研镇遭受到８度地震破坏，死亡７７人，死亡率为万分之十二点五，房屋破坏，室内财产和生命线工程的直接经济损失总计为７．８６亿元，相当于丽江全县近两年的工农业总产值，在县城中，按８度抗震设防的砖混和钢筋混凝土结构的房屋建筑和生命线工程经受住了这次七级地震的考验，大多为基本完好和轻微损坏，而大量民族形式的穿斗木构架土坯围护墙房屋破坏较为严重，在重建家园中应采取抗震措施。 相似文献
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在文献调查和现场调查的基础上,对鲁南地震重点监视防御区内城市房屋建筑的抗震能力做了分析,给出了抗震救灾重要房屋的单体预测结果、现有房屋的群体预测结果,并对房屋破坏造成的直接经济损失、人员伤亡进行了预测。文中指出了现有房屋的抗震薄弱环节,为该地区采取防震减灾对策提供了依据。 相似文献
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在对忻州市现有房屋建筑进行调查研究的基础上，对房屋建筑按结构进行了分类，并对各类房屋进行了抗震分析，进而建立了相应的易损性矩阵，最终结果得到以小区为单元遭遇不同强度地震作用的地震损失和人员伤亡，以及50年地震期望损失。 相似文献
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Introduction As we well know, the hazard of earthquake is very wide especially in cities. The conventionalmethods to investigate the damage are difficult to meet the requirements in applications. In recentyears, with the rapid development of remote sensing, especially the successful launch and applica-tion of high-resolution commercial remote sensing satellite, it has become possible to recognize andextract damage information by using remote sensing. The researchers at home and abroad hav… 相似文献
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近断层地震动对地表结构物造成严重的破坏，它具有明显的方向性和脉冲型特征. 在速度时程中含有大幅值、长周期的脉冲波，对结构响应影响很大. 为简化计算和分析的需要，在既有的等效速度脉冲模型的基础上，建议了较为合理等效速度脉冲模型. 在充分收集脉冲型近断层地震记录的基础上，对等效速度脉冲模型的脉冲周期、脉冲强度及卓越脉冲数等参数进行了研究，并与以往研究者的结果进行比较，以利于近断层区结构的抗震设计. 相似文献
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青海省共和地区位于柴达木—阿尔金地震带内,具备发生中强地震的构造背景,近年来该地区地震活动频繁,农村地区受经济和技术等条件的限制,造成了巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失。为深入了解共和地区农村民居结构特征与抗震性能现状,开展实地调查,基于历史震害资料,总结区域内典型农村民居震害特点,并进行震害预测,得到不同地震烈度下农村民居不同的破坏结果。结果表明:青海省共和地区农村民居中的砖混结构和砖木结构房屋数量约占48%、47%,其中约68%砖混结构房屋未设置构造柱和圈梁等抗震设防措施;该地区主要农村民居基本达到Ⅶ度抗震设防要求,仅部分建造年代久的土木结构房屋破坏严重;地震烈度为Ⅷ度时,大部分房屋以中等破坏和严重破坏为主;地震烈度为Ⅸ、Ⅹ度时,农村民居将发生大范围严重破坏,甚至毁坏。 相似文献
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Earthquake damage data is of vital importance both as an indicator of the likely performance of buildings in future earthquakes,
as well as for the calibration of existing theoretical-analytical models regarding building vulnerability. The analysis of
damage data collected shortly after the August 14, 2003 Lefkada Island, Greece earthquake revealed the higher vulnerability
of masonry buildings vis-à-vis all other building typologies on the island. However, promising means in strengthening the
existing masonry stock emerge, when considering the improved performance of buildings of a dual-system of stone-masonry and
timber frame – a construction practice uniquely adopted in the island. Based on the parameterless seismic intensity scale
(psi) proposed by Spence et al. (1991) a set of preliminary vulnerability curves for the typologies of the island’s buildings are proposed. 相似文献
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Fillitsa V. Karantoni George Bouckovalas 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》1997,16(2):141-150
On March 1993 an earthquake of magnitude Ms = 5·5 shook Pyrgos, a town in Western Peloponnissos, one of the most seismic prone areas in Greece. The damage induced to modern reinforced concrete buildings was rather light in contrast to the damage induced to historic and traditional buildings of adobe, stone or brick masonry which was severe. In order to study the causes of structural damage, detailed data are collected from a rather large statistical sample of 1023 masonry buildings and 22 reinforced concrete framed buildings with visible damage. For each building the number of storeys, the material of construction, as well as the type and the degree of damage are recorded. In addition, consideration is given to the site of the building within the town and the corresponding soil conditions. For reinforced concrete buildings, damage occured mostly in areas with relatively high estimated spectral accelerations and fundamental soil periods of vibration close to those of the buildings. Nevertheless, further analysis is required to explain the selective damage of a very small number of buildings. For masonry houses, the effect of soil conditions is more systematic. Moreover, the effects of the number of storeys as well as the age and material of construction appear to be dominant. 相似文献
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Palo Blanco is an approximately 1600 year old archaeological site located in Fiambalá Valley, in the Andean region of Argentina. Pioneer archaeological studies published in the 70s reported the existence of five residential units in this site. Also a small cemetery which included three circular tombs was discovered near to these buildings. Since that time, a profuse sedimentation covered the zone, so nowadays there are no evidences of most of these buildings on surface. Because of an imprecise location of the structures, most of the buildings became in fact missed. Then, in this work we aimed to re-localize two of the missed buildings, a residential unit and a tomb, by applying ground penetrating radar (GPR) methodology. We used fast fixed offset GPR configurations to investigate two areas in which these buildings could be expected. We used experimental and synthetic patterns to aid the identification of the characteristic signals due to the archaeological targets. We applied migration to the data to better define and resolve unclear anomalous signals. The employed methodology revealed the location of both buildings. Also a number of new non-reported structures were predicted and confirmed. 相似文献
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乡镇中小学校舍抗震抗倒安居安学设防目标——汶川地震北川擂鼓镇中小学校舍震害原因探究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
汶川地震中,在10度区擂鼓镇调查到7幢校舍,6幢有不同程度的破坏,均裂而不倒,1幢局部倒塌,探究原因主要是抗震构造措施和抗震能力不同.实例表明,乡镇中小学教学楼采用构造柱圈梁抗震体系,单边外走廊的3层砖砌体房屋,平面布置合理的,可达到大震不倒的安居安学设防目标.本文将楼层综合抗震能力指数发展为抗倒能力指数,用以判别多层... 相似文献