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赣东北蛇绿混杂岩带中硅质岩的地球化学特征及构造意义 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
赣东北蛇绿混杂岩带中含晚古生代放射虫硅质岩的ＳｉＯ_２含量变化范围为 ７８．４０％～ ８９．２８％,Ｓｉ／Ａｌ＝ ６．３～２３,Ｓｉ／Ａｌ比和Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３呈很好的负相关关系,表明它们含有 较高比例的陆源泥质沉积物．硅质岩样品的Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３／（Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３＋Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３）＝０．５１～０．９０,Ｃｅ／Ｃｅ~·＝ ０,９１～１．２２, Ｌａ_ｎ／Ｃｅ_ｎ＝ ０．７６～１．１１, Ｖ＜Ｍ２０μｇ／ｇ,Ｖ／Ｙ＜２．６,Ｔｉ／Ｖ＞４０,一致表明这些硅质 岩形成于与大陆地壳物质输入密切相关的大陆边缘环境,而与大洋盆地、洋中脊环境无 关．因此,这些晚古生代硅质岩既不属于～ １．０Ｇａ蛇绿岩套“三位一体”中的一部分,也 不支持晚古生代扬子和华夏两个块体之间存在深海大洋盆。 相似文献
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对采自华山岩体不同高度的磷灰石样品进行裂变径迹分析 ,所得结果结合相关地质资料认为 :(1)华山岩体抬升至少始于渐新世或始新世 ;(2 )华山主峰及北峰间可能发育一条对应于华山山前断裂的次级正断层 ,断距约 340m ;(3)据华山北峰样品研究 ,其各时段的平均抬升速率依次为2 9 2 6～ 2 5 0 5Ma ,V =0 183mm/a ;2 5 0 5～ 2 3 2 7Ma ,V =0 152mm/a ;2 3 2 7～ 2 0 59Ma ,V =0 0 19mm/a 相似文献
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根据Ｂｒｕｎｅ（１９７０）提出的震源位错模式，用发生在滇西地震实验场区鹤庆ＭＳ＝５．３中强地震的地震数字化监测资料，计算了Ｓ波谱，测定了鹤庆地震序列的震源参数．在此基础上研究了地面运动峰值速度参数（ｒ．ｖ）对地震应力降Δσ的依赖性．由地震标定关系给出（ｒ．ｖ）∝Δσ２／３，导出了用峰值速度参数求地震应力降的３个关系：ｌｇ（ｒ．ｖ）＝ｄ１＋（１／３）ｌｇＭ０＋（２／３）ｌｇΔσ；ｌｇ（ｒ．ｖ）＝ｄ２＋（１／３）ＭＬ＋（２／３）ｌｇΔσ；ｌｇΔσ＝－１．０＋１．５ｌｇ（ｒ．ｖ）．假定对大小地震的平均应力降取３．０ＭＰａ，由鹤庆地震序列的观测资料定出常数ｄ１＝－３．８８和ｄ２＝－０．３８．序列震源参数测定结果给出，地震矩为１０１１～１０１５Ｎ·ｍ，破裂半径ａ＝２００～６００ｍ．根据峰值速度测定的应力降Δσ＝０．１～１０ＭＰａ，平均为３．７ＭＰａ．用这些标度关系求出的应力降结果与Ｂｒｕｎｅ模式求应力降的结果比较一致．本文的研究结果还表明，地面运动峰值速度参数对地震应力降的依赖性比对地震矩的依赖性更强． 相似文献
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从原欧亚板块划出阿穆利亚微板块,并建立一个包括太平洋、北美、欧亚、鄂霍次克及菲律宾海等板块在内的６板块系统,利用地震滑移矢量,转换断层走向,洋中脊扩展速率,以及最新的ＧＰＳ观测资料,采用Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ盒子法,反演得到该６板块系统的欧拉运动矢量．本文得到的有关欧拉矢量为：ＡＭ-ＥＵ（６０．４２°Ｎ,１２３．２５°Ｅ,０．０２５°／Ｍａ）,ＡＭ-ＯＫ（５３．２０°Ｎ,１４１．９５°Ｅ,０．４７６°／Ｍａ）以及ＡＭ-ＰＨ（５０．８４°Ｎ,１５８.１３°Ｅ,１.２０４°／Ｍａ）,ＡＭ－ＥＵ的欧拉运动极点位于贝加尔隆起的东北及斯塔诺夫山脉的西北,并给出在贝加尔隆起有０．４－０．７ｍｍ／ａ的扩张,与从地质学证据得到的估计结果一致;由ＡＭ－ＯＫ及ＡＭ－ＰＨ欧拉运动矢量可以分别得到日本海东缘的６-１５ｍｍ／ａ及日本南海地槽带的５１－６６ｍｍ／ａ收敛速率,与最新的ＧＰＳ观测结果并不一致．因此,东亚北部地区存在独立的南中国微板块及其它亚尺度的微板块,可以更好地描述该地区现今板块构造的运动规律． 相似文献
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作为地震动物异常行为的蚕的定向排列以及断层的电磁模型──理论与实验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在假定地震动物异常行为（ＳＡＡＢ）是对地震电信号（ＳＥＳ）的电生理反应的前提下,通过施加电场、实验再现了神户地震所报道的ＳＡＡＢ蚕及鱼的定向排列．由于垂直于电场时动物体内骨格肌的阻抗较平行时大,动物表现出沿垂直于电场方向排列的行为．基于偶极电荷±ｑ源于地震应力σ（ｔ）的变化,提出了一断层的电磁模型：ｄｑ／ｄｔ＝－α（ｄσ／ｄｔ）－ｑ／ερ,其中α是一表征电荷生成的常数,比如压电系数;ε为介电常数,ρ为花岗岩的电阻率．一长２ａ且位错或破裂时间为τ的断层,由于应力的变化将产生脉冲状的偶极电荷（面密度）：＋ｑ（ｔ,ｘ）和－ｑ（ｔ,ｘ＋２ａ）,或由地震矩Ｍ０而给出偶极矩Ｐ（ｔ）＝２ａＡｑ（ｔ）＝αＭ０［ερ／（τ－ερ）］（ｅ－ｔ／ｚ－ｅ－ｔ／ερ）．断层位错Ｄ、位错速率Ｄ′和应力降Δσ满足τ＝Ｄ／Ｄ′＝（Δσ／σ０）（ａ／β）．断层域的电场强度Ｆ及电流密度Ｊ可由Ｆ＝ｑ／ε及Ｊ＝Ｆ／ρ′得到．若ρ′为水的电阻率,则可得到Ｊ＝０．１～１Ａ／ｍ２,该值足以引起动物的异常行为．由Ｐ（ｔ）所产生的近场甚低频（ＵＬＦ）波可解释与距离Ｒ成反比的ＳＥＳ． 相似文献
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利用１４Ｃ、热释光（ＴＬ）样品年代及扩散方程计算结果，结合区域黄土剖面中古土壤年龄，对毛毛山地区晚第四纪各级地貌年龄进行了对比研究。根据毛毛山活动断裂水平位移和垂直位移分布明显的分组特征，求得毛毛山断裂带不同段落不同时段的平均滑动速率。大约自中更新世晚期以来，毛毛山断裂走滑段的平均水平滑动速率为２．３～３．９ｍｍ／ａ，垂直滑动速率为０．０７～０．１９ｍｍ／ａ；天祝盆地倾滑段垂直滑动速率为０．１１～０．８６ｍｍ／ａ。沿断裂带滑动速率具明显的非均匀性特点，表现为自东向西水平位移具累积滑动亏损特征，垂直位移则具补偿性 相似文献
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甘孜－玉树断裂带的晚第四纪活动特征 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17
在航、卫片解译的基础上，结合已有的区域地质填图成果，经过详细的野外观测研究，明确了甘孜－玉树断裂带最新地表活动形迹的空间展布特征。通过对断错地貌及新地层变形与位错的研究，结合（１４）Ｃ和热释光（ＴＬ）测龄结果，对断裂带晚第四纪以来的平均滑动速率进行了初步研究。结果表明，甘孜－玉树断裂带的平均滑动速率为：甘孜段水平滑动速率为３．４±０．３ｍｍ／ａ，垂直滑动速率为２．２±０．１ｍｍ／ａ；马尼干戈段水平滑动速率为７±０．７ｍｍ／ａ；邓柯段为７．２±１．２ｍｍ／ａ；当江段为７．３±０．６ｍｍ／ａ。 相似文献
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对星叶石Ｋ_２Ｎａ（Ｆｅ,Ｍｎ,Ｍｇ,□）,［Ｔｉ_２（Ｓｔ_４Ｏ_（１２））_２｜ Ｏ_３］（ＯＨ,Ｆ）_４进行了晶体结构的精测, 求得晶胞参数：ａ＝０．５３５ ９（２）ｕｍ,ｂ＝１．１６１４（４）ｕｍ,ｃ＝１．１８６１（４）ｕｍ,α＝１１３．１６（２）°,β ＝１０３．０４（２）°,γ＝９４．５６（２）°．晶胞体积Ｖ＝０．６４９５（５）ｎｍ~３．单位晶胞中的分子数Ｚ＝１,空 间群为Ｐ１．结构测定的精度,其偏离因子为Ｒ＝０．０５７．根据其晶体结构的特征,与曾测 定的单斜星叶石 Ｋ_２ＮａＮａ（Ｆｅ,Ｍｎ）_４Ｍｇ_２Ｔｉ_２［Ｓｉ_４Ｏ_（１２）］_２（ＯＨ）_４（ＯＨ,Ｆ）_２对比,指出两者为不同种 矿物,建议单斜星叶石应重新命名．将星叶石、单斜星叶石、钡铁钛石及问叶石这一类 钛硅酸盐的结构与云母进行类比,提出了晶体化学中的功能性替代的概念 相似文献
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对鄂尔多斯盆地磷灰石裂变径迹资料深入分析表明．最迟２３Ｍａ以来盆地发生了一期由于快速抬升剥蚀引起的冷却事件．盆地东部以９５ｍ／Ｍａ的速率抬升，造成约２０００ｍ的剥蚀量；而盆地西部则以５６ｍ／Ｍａ的速率抬升，导致了约１０００ｍ的剥蚀量．盆地东、西部的差异抬升剥蚀导致了盆地现今微微西倾的构造面貌．这一抬升剥蚀事件是印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞引起亚洲构造运动形式以挤压为主，转换为中新世以来以地壳增厚为主的结果．Ｋ－Ａｒ年龄和镜质体反射率资料分析表明，盆地在１７０－１６０Ｍａ（中侏罗末）曾发生一期热事件，使古地温梯度达５７℃／ｋｍ，古热流值达９６－１０９ｍｗ／ｍ２． 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
18.
Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献