共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 357 毫秒
1.
本文对陇中盆地会宁含小哺乳动物化石的关公滩剖面河湖相沉积序列进行了详细的岩石磁学和磁性地层学研究，磁化率各向异性结果表明关公滩剖面沉积物记录了典型的原生沉积组构，沉积物沉积以后几乎没有受到后期的扰动.最大磁化率主轴方向与现今的古水流流向基本一致，表明区域西高东低的地貌至少在中更新世早期已经形成.磁滞回线、等温剩磁获得曲线的矫顽力谱分析、三轴等温剩磁退磁曲线等岩石磁学结果显示：关公滩剖面河湖相沉积物的磁性矿物有磁铁矿、磁赤铁矿和赤铁矿，其中磁铁矿和赤铁矿是主要的剩磁载体，但其特征剩磁载体以赤铁矿为主.系统退磁结果显示，在大部分样品中，磁铁矿和赤铁矿均记录了几乎相同的特征剩磁的方向，整个剖面呈现单一的正极性.另外，关公滩剖面底部河湖相沉积物中产出丰富的小哺乳动物牙齿化石，经初步研究包括复齿鼠兔（Ochotonoides complicidens）、丁氏鼢鼠（Myospalax tingi）、方氏鼢鼠（Myospalax fontanieri）、变异仓鼠（Cricetinus varians）、大林姬鼠（Cricetinus varians）、复齿旱獭（Marmota complicidens）等六个种类，其中丁氏鼢鼠和复齿鼠兔是相对原始的种类，其时代跨越早更新世至中更新世早期，其他都是我国北方中、晚更新世常见的种类，该小哺乳动物化石组合性质表明其时代很可能为中更新世早期.因此，综合磁性地层学和小哺乳动物生物年代学结果，关公滩剖面记录了布容正极性时的沉积，剖面底部堆积及其哺乳动物群的时代应为中更新世早期. 相似文献
2.
在地层剖面中,洪泛沉积物与正常的河道沉积物的沉积学特征非常相似,仅靠沉积学特征很难将两者区分. 为了识别古洪灾事件,因而从环境磁学角度建立两种沉积物的识别标志是非常必要和有意义的. 本文通过对1998年长江黣洲湾溃口扇及其附近的长江现代河漫滩沉积物进行磁组构参数测量和对比分析,并结合长江下游河漫滩沉积物的磁组构参数特征,揭示出长江中游正常河流沉积物与河流溃口沉积物的磁组构参数特征具有明显的不同,并且它们与沉积时的沉积环境有着密切的关系. 因此,对长江中游地区沉积物磁组构参数的测试及磁化率各向异性量值椭球体形态的研究,是目前分辨洪泛沉积物和正常的河道沉积物的一个较有效的方法. 相似文献
3.
泥河湾盆地岑家湾旧石器遗址的古地磁定年 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对泥河湾盆地岑家湾旧石器地点进行的岩石磁学和磁性地层学研究表明, 岑家湾湖相沉积剖面的磁性矿物和剩磁载体是以磁铁矿为主; 少数时段沉积物含有磁铁矿和赤铁矿两种磁性矿物, 这类沉积物的特征剩磁是由磁铁矿和赤铁矿共同携带的. 磁组构测定证实了岑家湾剖面保存了原始沉积特征, 适合于磁性地层学研究, 其结果表明岑家湾旧石器地点的时代稍晚于Punaruu地磁漂移事件发生的时间(1.1 Ma). 结合东谷坨、马圈沟和小长梁剖面的研究结果, 可以确定早期人类在1.6, 1.3和1.1 Ma前后都在泥河湾地区生活过, 这一结果对认识早期人类迁徙与适应环境的能力是很有意义的. 相似文献
4.
盆地内细粒沉积物的磁组构特征可以记录盆地发育演化的关键构造信息.然而,反转盆地内细粒沉积物的磁组构有何特征,其与盆地发育和反转变形有何关系,目前仍需要深入探索.针对这一问题,本文以东、西秦岭分界处的白垩纪徽成盆地为例,在野外构造观察的基础上,对该盆地内的细粒沉积岩,特别是同沉积断层附近的细粒沉积岩(包括生长地层),开展了系统的岩石磁学、常温和低温磁组构研究.野外观察表明,徽成盆地白垩纪地层内发育了大量NNE走向的正断层,邻近断层的局部区域可见露头尺度的生长地层.盆地内细粒沉积物的磁化率值总体较低,岩石磁学实验表明,磁化率主要由顺磁性矿物控制,但也含有少量磁铁矿和赤铁矿等铁磁性矿物的贡献.常温和低温磁组构特征都表明,徽成盆地白垩纪地层内透入性的发育了NWW-SEE向的磁线理,与主要的(同沉积)正断层垂直或高角度相交,并显示出初始变形组构的特征,记录了盆地发育时以NWW-SEE向拉张为主的古应力信息.这一伸展应力场与控制徽成盆地发育的文县—太白断裂带呈锐夹角,表明断裂带在盆地发育时以左行走滑伸展为主.此外,与常温磁组构相比,低温磁组构显著提高了顺磁性组构的信号强度,突显了磁组构的优势方位,可以更为有效的反映岩石组构和应变信息.尽管徽成盆地白垩纪地层经历多期次构造变形,但其初始变形组构并未明显改造,为解析盆地构造属性提供了重要信息. 相似文献
5.
塔里木盆地库车坳陷克拉苏河沿岸发育良好的新生界地层.我们对克拉苏河沿岸新生界剖面分A、B两段进行系统采样,获得定向岩芯样品1700余块. 岩石磁学研究表明,新生代沉积岩中磁性矿物以赤铁矿为主,含有少量磁铁矿;磁组构测试结果显示,两段剖面磁面理均较磁线理发育,最小磁化率主轴近于直立,显示原生沉积组构. A剖面磁化率主轴к1的偏角指示古流向. 库姆格列木群沉积时的古水流方向为NEE-SWW向,至苏维依组沉积时,流向变为NNE-SSW向. 河流古流向在苏维依组形成时发生急剧变化,说明南天山此时可能发生了明显的隆升,且以北西部隆升为主;B剖面为吉迪克组、康村组和库车组粗粒碎屑岩,磁组构显示к1-к2构成的磁面理与层理面小角度相交,к3呈叠瓦状分布,可以用来指示古水流方向.从吉迪克组至库车组下段,古流向均为NNW-SSE,但逐渐偏东,暗示天山在此期间处于缓慢的隆升期或东西部处于同步隆升,且西部隆升速度快于东部. 相似文献
6.
天山北缘新近系沉积物岩石磁学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
岩石磁学研究表明, 天山北缘塔西河剖面新近系可划分为湖相沉积型、河流相沉积型和冲积扇沉积型三种类型, 分别对应于剖面的底部(沙湾组和塔西河组中下部)、中部(塔西河组顶部和独山子组中下部)和上部(独山子组顶部和西域组), 其中湖相沉积岩石磁学性质复杂, 除与沉积物物源密切相关外, 还可能受风化作用、原地磁性矿物自生或成岩作用以及生物活动的影响, 天然剩磁强度为10-3~10-2 A/m, 主要磁性矿物为磁铁矿, 高矫顽力磁性矿物可能为针铁矿. 磁性矿物颗粒由假单畴和单畴(PSD+SD)或单畴和超顺磁混合组成(SD+SP); 河流相沉积天然剩磁强度为10-2~10-1 A/m, 主要磁性矿物为磁铁矿和赤铁矿, 磁性矿物颗粒为假单畴(PSD), 450~580℃可获得稳定的特征剩磁方向, 特征剩磁载磁矿物为磁铁矿; 冲积扇沉积天然剩磁强度介于湖相和河流相沉积之间, 主要磁性矿物也为磁铁矿和赤铁矿, 580~680℃获得稳定特征剩磁方向, 特征剩磁载磁矿物为赤铁矿, 磁性矿物颗粒为假单畴(PSD). 相似文献
7.
岩石磁组构因能提供磁性矿物晶体形状、排列方式等赋存信息而被广泛应用于判别岩石剩磁是否受到了后期构造应力的显著影响；但常规岩石磁化率各向异性(AMS)是否能够准确限定岩石剩磁的稳定性，目前尚无深入探讨.本文以印支地块Nakhon Thai盆地中生代Nam Phong、Phu Kradung和Phra Wihan组三套碎屑岩样品及拉萨地块林周盆地设兴组红层样品为例，通过岩石磁化率组构和剩磁组构的对比分析发现，尽管Nam Phong组绝大多数样品和Phu Kradung组全部样品的AMS组构显示其具有铅笔状至强劈理过渡型构造变形组构特征，但高场等温剩磁各向异性(hf-AIR)显示其高矫顽力赤铁矿所携带的特征剩磁组构仍具有典型沉积组构特征，表明其以赤铁矿为主的载磁矿物未遭受后期构造应力的显著影响，仍然能够准确记录岩石形成时期的古地球磁场方向.另一方面发现有且仅有剩磁组构才是判别碎屑沉积岩特征剩磁是否遭受了后期构造应力影响的充分必要条件.也就是说，如果岩石剩磁组构(如以赤铁矿为主要载磁矿物的岩石hf-AIR组构)指示其原始沉积组构已被构造组构显著叠加或取代，则必然说明该岩石剩磁方向已受到构造应力... 相似文献
8.
9.
青藏高原的古高度及其时代迄今仍是青藏高原研究的重大课题. 通过对乌郁剖面近 145 m水平地层的磁性地层学研究和下伏火山岩定年, 建立了乌郁盆地15~2.5 Ma时段的年代地层学框架和盆地发育历史. 研究表明, 15 Ma以来乌郁经历了3个重要的构造发展阶段. 15~8.1 Ma 期间, 乌郁盆地发生了强烈的火山构造作用, 其中包括至少3期强烈的火山喷发并使地层倾斜、 褶皱. 其后, 盆地进入较长的构造平静期, 发育了8~2.5 Ma湖相沉积序列. 2.5 Ma期间, 乌郁盆地经历了一次较强的东西向拉张, 产生了南北向断裂, 结束了湖泊沉积, 沿断裂发育了河流. 与吉隆盆地对比结果表明, 8 Ma以来喜马拉雅造山带和冈底斯造山带经历的构造作用有高度的一致性. 因此, 上述3个不同的构造阶段具有区域性意义. 研究结果为深入探讨中新世以来藏南地区古气候环境演化和高原隆升历史提供了重要的年代学依据. 相似文献
10.
对苏北盆地兴化1#钻孔岩心沉积物进行了质量磁化率、频率磁化率、变化曲线、等温剩磁和磁滞回线等参数的测试分析，结果表明，粘土质沉积物中的主要载磁矿物为磁铁矿和赤铁矿；砂质沉积物中的磁性矿物除了磁铁矿和赤铁矿外，还含有少量的磁赤铁矿和针铁矿.针铁矿普遍存在于钻孔下部的样品中.整个钻孔沉积物中的磁性矿物颗粒都是介于单畴和多畴之间的准单畴颗粒，但粘土质沉积物中的磁性矿物颗粒更趋近于单畴颗粒，而砂质沉积物中的磁性矿物颗粒更趋近于多畴.根据不同的磁性矿物组合特征，选择合理的温度和磁场强度区间对古地磁退磁结果进行分析，得到沉积物可靠的特征剩磁方向，为古地磁年代学提供依据. 相似文献
11.
以热磁分析为主,对中国北方泥河湾盆地更新世河湖相地层中灰绿色粉砂和灰黄色粉砂/细砂两种典型沉积物进行了详细的岩石磁学研究,有效确定了这两类沉积物中磁性矿物的种类、粒度特征以及加热过程中磁性矿物的变化过程和产物,并对其包含的古环境意义进行了初步探讨.灰绿色粉砂样品主要含有磁铁矿和赤铁矿两种磁性矿物,磁性相对较弱,颗粒相对较细;灰黄色粉砂/细砂主要含有磁铁矿和磁赤铁矿,磁性相对较强,颗粒相对较粗.在氩气环境中经700℃加热处理后,这两种沉积物中的绿泥石都分解,并生成超细粒（处于超顺磁和单畴颗粒区间）的磁铁矿,导致磁化率大幅升高.因此泥河湾盆地沉积物的热磁特征可以用来检测样品中绿泥石的相对含量,进而反映该地区化学风化作用强度的变化.此外,灰绿色粉砂样品中绿泥石含量比灰黄色粉砂/细砂样品的含量高,在氩气中加热后,磁化率升高幅度也较高,可能反映了化学风化相对较弱的沉积环境. 相似文献
12.
塔里木盆地的高分辨率沉积记录对于理解青藏高原隆升、亚洲内陆干旱化乃至全球气候变化至关重要.建立可靠的地层年代标尺对于研究塔里木盆地晚新生代沉积环境演化、构造运动及古气候变化具有重要意义.本文对塔里木盆地东北缘库尔勒地区的两个全取心钻孔ZK3（深500 m）、ZK5（深300 m）进行详细的磁性地层学研究，结果表明，ZK3孔中更新统底界为54.8 m，下更新统底界为167.0 m，上新统底界为432.0 m，钻孔底部年龄约为6.2 Ma，属上中新统上部；ZK5孔中更新统底界为64.7 m，下更新统底界为241.5 m，钻孔底部年龄约为3.2 Ma，属上上新统.基于上述磁性地层年代标尺，通过沉积速率分析发现ZK3孔在3.0—3.6 Ma之间沉积速率明显增大，反映了塔里木盆地北部天山在此期间的快速隆升.通过东西部多个盆地地质剖面沉积速率的对比分析发现，这期构造活动在区域上具有准同期活动特征，在时代上与晚中新世以来青藏高原快速隆升的时代一致，可能与青藏高原的隆升扩展效应有关. 相似文献
13.
Flexural subsidence by 29 Ma on the NE edge of Tibet from the magnetostratigraphy of Linxia Basin, China 总被引：43，自引：0，他引：43
Xiaomin Fang Carmala Garzione Rob Van der Voo Jijun Li Majie Fan 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2003,210(3-4):545-560
This study provides a detailed magnetostratigraphic record of subsidence in the Linxia Basin, documenting a 27 Myr long sedimentary record from the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Deposition in the Linxia Basin began at 29 Ma and continued nearly uninterruptedly until 1.7 Ma. Increasing rates of subsidence between 29 and 6 Ma in the Linxia Basin suggest deposition in the foredeep portion of a flexural basin and constrain the timing of shortening in the northeastern margin of the plateau to Late Oligocene–Late Miocene time. By Late Miocene–Early Pliocene time, a decrease in subsidence rates in the Linxia Basin associated with thrust faulting and a 10° clockwise rotation in the basin indicates that the deformation front of the Tibetan plateau had propagated into the currently deforming region northeast of the plateau. 相似文献
14.
Paleoenvironments of the evolving Pliocene to early Pleistocene foreland basin in northwestern Taiwan: An example from the Dahan River section 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The overriding of the Luzon volcanic arc atop the underlying Chinese rifted‐continental margin has caused the formation of the Taiwan mountain belts and a peripheral foreland basin west of the orogen since the late Miocene. In this study, lithofacies analysis and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic investigations of the Dahan River section in northwestern (NW) Taiwan were performed. Our results offer insights into the temporal evolution of the sedimentary environments and the competing effects of the sedimentation and basin tectonics of the NW Taiwan foreland basin from the Pliocene to early Pleistocene. Nannofossil biostratigraphic studies showed that the upper Kueichulin Formation and the overlying Chinshui Shale can be assigned to the NN15 biozone of the Pliocene age, and the Cholan Formation pertains to NN16–NN18 of the early Pleistocene. The NN15–NN16 boundary coincides roughly with the boundary of the Chinshui Shale and Cholan Formation. We recognized three major sedimentary environments in the studied foreland succession comprising the upper Kueichulin Formation, Chinshui Shale, Cholan Formation and Yangmei Formation, in ascending order. During the deposition of the upper Kueichulin Formation in the early Pliocene, the dominant environment was a wave‐ and tide‐influenced open marine setting. During the late Pliocene, the environment deepened to an outer‐offshore setting when the sediments of Chinshui Shale were accumulated. In the Pleistocene, the environment then shallowed to wave‐dominated estuaries during the deposition of the lower Cholan Formation, and the basin was rapidly filled, generating a meandering and sandy braided river environment during the deposition of the upper Cholan to the Yangmei Formation. In summary, the evolution of sedimentary environments in the studied succession shows a deepening then a shallowing and coarsening upward trend during the period from the Pliocene to the Pleistocene, spanning the age from approximately 4 to 1 Ma. 相似文献
15.
The Pliocene fluvial/lacustrine sediments of the Sanying Formation lie along the Red River fault and its northwest extension;their majority outcrops appear around Eryuan.The Sanying Formation is characterized by multiple intercalated coal layers and its unconformities contact with the underlying Triassic limestone and the overlying Quaternary coarse sediments.Cosmogenic nuclide burial dating confirms the Pliocene age of the Sanying Formation.The burial ages of the overlying Quaternary sediments provide the lower age limit of the Sanying Formation:2 Ma.Detrital zircon U-Pb age distribution suggests provenance of the Sanying Formation traced to the Songpan-Ganzi flysch belt.From the spatial distribution as well as sedimentary and fault ages,we found a strong connection of the Sanying Formation with the Red River and the Jianchuan faults.We therefore propose that activation of the Red River and the Jianchuan faults during the Late Miocene resulted in subsidence of basins in the extensional areas around Eryuan and in the middle to south segments of the Red River fault.The basins were filled with water carried by the Jinsha River and overflow-lakes formed within the basins where the Sanying Formation was deposited.Most of the lakes were dried and sedimentation of the Sanying Formation ceased due to the uplift of the Yunling Mountains,which forced rerouting of the Jinsha River at the beginning of Quaternary. 相似文献
16.
柴达木盆地沉积地层记载着青藏高原东北部的构造演化信息.对该盆地路乐河地区上中生界—新生界地层系统采样,获得千余块定向岩心样品.岩石磁学研究表明样品中的磁性矿物主要为赤铁矿和磁铁矿;磁组构研究表明为初始沉积磁组构特征.磁组构特征指示了自中侏罗统大煤沟组(J2d)至早中新统下油砂山组(N12y)7个地层单位沉积时期,古水流方向共经历了4次阶段性的变化,表明柴达木块体相应地发生了4次旋转.在中—晚侏罗世块体逆时针旋转约22°;至早白垩世,块体又顺时针旋转约65°;在65.5～32 Ma期间块体旋转方向再次改变,逆时针旋转约63°;到32～13Ma阶段块体又发生约50°的顺时针旋转.柴达木块体的旋转及其方向的转换,可能与其南的羌塘块体、拉萨块体和印度板块阶段性北向碰撞挤压紧密相关.拉张环境与挤压环境的多次转换可能与中特提斯的关闭、新特提斯的张开和闭合、高原快速隆升后其边部松弛相联系. 相似文献
17.
Bruce J. Macfadden Noye M. Johnson Neil D. Opdyke 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1979,44(3):349-364
The Big Sandy Formation in western Arizona consists of up to 65 m of clays, silts, sands and volcanic ashes that were deposited in a lacustrine paleoenvironment. Three paleomagnetic samples were collected from each of 54 sites spaced at stratigraphic intervals of no more than 5 m. After laboratory studies of pilot samples to determine their paleomagnetic characteristics, all other samples were measured for their NRM and then demagnetized in alternating fields of 150 Oe. After statistical filtering and a hierarchical site classification, 48 sites were used to interpret the magnetic polarity zonation.Vertebrate fossils from the Big Sandy Formation are collectively termed the Wikieup Local Fauna, and indicate a late Hemphillian Land Mammal “Age”. Three fission-track (zircon) dates from the Big Sandy Formation yielded a mean age of 5.5 ± 0.2 m.y. B.P. Using these radiometric data to calibrate the magnetic polarity zonation, it appears that the Big Sandy Formation spans late Epoch 6 to early Gilbert time (late Miocene to early Pliocene). The Wikieup Local Fauna is compared to two other roughly contemporaneous mammalian assemblages from New Mexico and Texas. Faunal differences previously thought to represent a very late Hemphillian age for the Wikieup Local Fauna are apparently related to ecogeographic variation and not time. 相似文献
18.
《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2006,241(1-2):234-247
Ten sections of Neogene molasse-type sediments were sampled in the Guide Basin of northeastern Tibet for magnetostratigraphy [X.M. Fang, M.D. Yan, R. Van der Voo, D.R., Rea, C. Song, J.M. Parés, J. Gao, J. Nie, S. Dai, Late Cenozoic deformation and uplift of the NE Tibetan plateau: evidence from high resolution magnetostratigraphy of the Guide Basin, Qinghai Province, China, Geol. Soc. America Bull. 107 (2005) 1208–1225 [1]], but they also yield seven well-dated formation-mean directions that reveal changing declinations as rotations occurred in response to crustal deformation north of the India–Asia collision zone. Three formations are of early Miocene and Oligocene age, as indicated by fossils and magnetic reversal records, whereas four younger formations yield late Miocene and Pliocene ages. The dual-polarity magnetizations are typically antipodal, but reveal inclinations that are too shallow, most likely because of post-depositional inclination flattening. The late Miocene and younger directions show formation-mean declinations between 354° and 7°, whereas three early Miocene and late Oligocene mean declinations range from 31° to 44°. This indicates that a clockwise rotation of 25.1 ± 4.6° took place during the middle part of the Miocene (best estimate 11–17 Ma). No rotations appear to have occurred, during that time, in the Xining, Lanzhou, Linxia and Jingning basins (Longzhong Basin) to the northeast and east of the Guide Basin; however, a rotation of similar magnitude has been documented by Dupont-Nivet and colleagues for pre-Miocene (> 29 Ma) time in these areas. Collectively, these results show that the basins in NE Tibet have had independently evolving structural histories. 相似文献