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通过对GPS观测资料的数值模拟，获取1999～2001年青藏块体东北缘地区地壳水平运动的非震反位错模型,结合本区视应变场空间分布，研究活动块体及其边界断裂运动、变形特征及应力应变积累部位和强度．结果表明:① 9个活动块体呈现东向由偏北至偏南的整体性顺时针运动. 以祁连山——海原断裂为界，两侧块体间的左旋相对运动明显，由西向东呈现走滑兼NE-NEE向挤压；② 有20条断层段（多数呈压性）不同程度地阻碍块体间的相对运动，其中祁连山断裂中东段（包括与日月山——拉脊山断裂交汇区）及与海原、庄浪河断裂交汇区更有利于应变积累，日月山——拉脊山断裂与柴达木块体北边界交汇区也可能存在一定程度的应变积累；③ 所得活动块体运动速率及边界断裂对块体相对运动的锁定量较1993～1999年相应结果有所减弱． 相似文献
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利用1999～2001年中国大陆GPS最优综合观测解资料,借助改进的负位错模型,研究南北地震带及其邻近区域活动块体与其边界断裂的构造变形特征,获取高应力应变积累的闭锁区段及可能与强震孕育有关的背景信息。分析表明：祁连山断裂带与海原断裂和日月山断裂交汇区、日月山断裂南段与拉脊山断裂、宗务隆山-西秦岭北缘断裂交汇部位;盐源-丽江地块及NE向延伸至川滇交界的安宁河、则木河断裂交汇区及其临近区域;鲜水河至安宁河断裂北段以及与龙门山断裂交汇部位、滇西南边界的永德龙陵-澜沧-勐遮断裂及其北段与怒江断裂交汇区域可能具有高应变能积累背景。而阿尔金断裂中段、海原断裂东段、库玛断裂东端、红河断裂中东段与元谋-绿汁江断裂及小江断裂的交汇区域也可能存在一定程度的应变积累背景。 相似文献
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西北地区近期地壳水平运动与构造变形特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用截止2004年的西北地区GPS和跨祁连-龙首山构造带的红外测距观测资料，借助最小二乘配置、弹性块体边界负位错模型及单一力源反演，研究昆仑山口西8．1级大震前后西北地区水平形变应变场的动态演化特征；尤其是大震3年后，即当前的构造形变与应力场态势；获取活动块体及其边界断裂上可能反映中强以上孕震背景的高应变能积累区、段，以及可能的潜在震源。结果表明：青藏块体北缘地区经8．1级大震后的短期松弛和调整，目前正在恢复印度板块北东向碰撞推挤背景场的主控作用。而北天山构造带中段及其与西段的交汇区、南天山构造带中西段及其与西昆仑构造带的交汇区、阿尔金断裂中段、祁连山构造带中东段及其与海原断裂的交汇区、西秦岭北缘断裂与庄浪河断裂东南延伸线的交汇区域等具有相对高应变能积累背景；临泽与海原这两个地区也反映一定程度的应变能积累状态。 相似文献
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青藏高原北部地区构造变形特征及与强震关系 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对1993～1999、1999～2001年青藏高原北部地区GPS水平运动资料的非震负位错模型反演和形变应变场时空演化分析,结合地质构造和有资料积累以来的强震活动,研究块体及边界带的构造变形特征,以及与强震孕育的关系．结果表明：(1)5级以上,特别是6级左右及6级以上地震多发生在区域应变场剪切应变率或面膨胀率高值区、边缘或其附近,尤其是与区域主干断裂构造运动一致的剪切应变率高值区;形变差异显著的块体边界附近;沿块体边界断裂带的高应变积累的闭锁区段及其附近．(2)1999～2001年较1993～1999年大范围的水平运动速率明显减弱,但应变率的减弱幅度不大,可能揭示昆仑山口西8．1大震孕育对北东向的构造应力传递起了某种“阻隔和调制作用”及太平洋板块的西进作用加强．(3)目前应变场分布高值区、块体间差异运动显著的边界带及高应变积累闭锁段有阿尼玛卿断裂中东段与鄂拉山断裂交汇区、祁连山构造带中东段及与海原断裂西段交汇区、日月山一拉脊山断裂与西秦岭北缘断裂交汇区、庄浪河断裂与西秦岭北缘断裂交汇区、六盘山断裂附近． 相似文献
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利用2004-2007、2009-2011、2009-2012年全国GPS水平运动速度场资料,借助负位错反演,分析相关构造断裂应变积累动态演化特征,寻找目前强震孕育背景相对显著的构造断裂区段,并探讨芦山地震前异常状况及汶川、日本等大震后应变积累的可能变化。结果表明：①日本巨震后华北构造区、汶川—玉树大震后川滇地区近1至数年主要构造断裂中应变积累减缓的略占多数;甘肃东南部的西秦岭构造区应变积累在汶川震后的一段时间速率加快;汶川震后龙门山断裂南段维持应变积累,2012年还略微增速,一定程度上反映出芦山震前背景信息。②目前强震甚至大震孕育背景相对显著的构造区域有南天山断裂西段及与西昆仑北缘断裂交汇区、安宁河断裂及与则木河断裂交汇区、红河断裂中段、祁连山断裂带西段、晋冀蒙交界区,及上述区域附近。 相似文献
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利用广西及邻区2016—2019年流动重力观测资料,系统分析区域重力场变化及其与广西北流M_S5.2地震的关系。结果表明:①北流M_S5.2地震前,震区附近重力异常变化与主干断裂关系密切,反映沿控震断裂在2016—2019年间发生了引起地表重力变化效应的地壳变形和构造活动;②差分重力图像表明北流M_S5.2地震前震中附近的重力变化是一个"局部重力异常→重力反向变化→重力变化平缓后发震"过程;③近期重力场累积动态图像表明玉林—岑溪—苍梧一带为重力变化剧烈区域,有利于应力的高度积累而孕育地震。 相似文献
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《地震工程学报》2016,(Z1)
利用中国地壳运动观测网络和中国大陆构造环境监测网络GPS区域网观测资料,解算川滇地区1999—2007年、2009—2011年相对欧亚板块的水平速度场,并借助连续应变模型获得了川滇地区应变率场。通过分析汶川地震前后地壳水平运动速度场和应变率场的动态变化,得到:(1)水平相对运动与主应变场分布反映出在巴彦喀拉地块的东向推挤与华南地块的强烈阻挡下,龙门山断裂带长期的应力应变积累并突然释放导致了汶川大地震的发生;(2)发生大地震的龙门山断裂带在地震前应变量值并不显著,处于应变亏损状态,应变高值区主要集中在川滇菱形块体的东边界与北边界;(3)大地震的发生导致震源区及其周边应力应变剧烈调整,龙门山断裂带中南段显示出明显的应变增强态势,一定程度上反映了2013年芦山7.0地震发生前的应变背景累积信息。 相似文献
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Based on previous research results, present-day crustal deformation and gravity fields in the Chinese mainland are analyzed using the GPS data, leveling, gravity and cross-fault deformations. We analyzed strain accumulation of the major faults, and identified locked or high strain accumulation segments. Combining the effects of large earthquakes in the study area, the long-term (decade) probability of large earthquakes in the Chinese mainland is estimated. 相似文献
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Introduction So small is the hypocenter area of strong earthquake, but its formation is controlled by time-space evolution of present-day crustal movement in wider-range area, and related to motion and deformation of active blocks and their boundary faults. Aseismic negative dislocation model presented by Matsuura, et al (1986) is that, the relative motion between blocks driven by present-day crustal movement may be partly locked at the block … 相似文献
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Through numerical simulation for GPS data, aseism/c negative dislocation model for crustal horizontal movement during 1999-2001 in the northeast margin of Qinghai-Xizang block is presented, combined with the spatial distri-bution of apparent strain field in this area, the characteristics of motion and deformation of active blocks and their boundary faults, together with the place and intensity of strain accumulation are analyzed. It is shown that: a) 9 active blocks appeared totally clockwise motion from eastward by north to eastward by south. Obvious sinistral strike-slip and NE-NEE relative compressive motion between the blocks separated by Qilianshan-Haiyuan fault zone was discovered; b) 20 fault segments (most of them showed compression) locked the relative motion between blocks to varying degrees, among the total, the mid-east segment of Qilianshan fault (containing the place where it meets Riyueshan-Lajishan fault) and the place where it meets Haiyuan fault and Zhuanglanghe fault, more favored accumulation of strain. Moreover, the region where Riyueshan-Lajishan fault meets north boundary of Qaidam block may have strain accumulation to some degree, c) Obtained magnitude of block velocities and locking of their boundaries were less than relevant results for observation in the period of 1993-1999. 相似文献
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Making use of the method of obtaining regional vertical strain rate from regional preciseleveling data and gaining dynamic pattern combining with deformation data on spanningfaults, the regional vertical strain dynamic evolution characteristics of several moderatelystrong earthquakes such as Lijiang (M_s 7.0) and Menyuan (M_s 6.4) earthquakes occurredin crustal deformation monitoring areas located in the western Yunnan and Qilianshan-Hexiregion. Based on the above-mentioned facts, by studying the time-space nonhomogeneity andstrain energy accumulation status, some criteria for judging the medium. and short-termstrong seismic risk regions according to the regional vertical strain rate dynamic informationare proposed. 相似文献
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REGIONAL SEISMIC ENERGY RELEASE AND RELATIVE MOTION BETWEEN BLOCKS ON BOTH SIDES OF YISHU FAULT ZONE 
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下载免费PDF全文 Following the 11 March 2011 Japan MW9.0 earthquake, frequent moderate and small events occurred on the Yishu fault zone and its either side. Using continuous GPS data and a sliding block model, this work studies the relationship between the energy release of these shocks and the block relative motion of either side of the Yishu fault zone. The results show that(1)the equivalent magnitude M from released energy and the two blocks' relative motion are well correlated when earthquakes are selected in a retrieval circle(whose center is the midpoint of the Yishu fault zone)with a radius of 250~500km and using a sliding time window of 3~10 months. The best correlation coefficient between M and the two blocks' relative motion is 0.74 and the T test shows a significant linear correlation between them.(2)Spatial distribution of the correlation coefficients shows that the relative motion of the blocks on both sides affects the energy release in the area from the north part of Yishu fault zone to the Jiaodong Peninsula area and southwest Shandong-Henan border area obviously.(3)Since June 2014, the relative motion of the two blocks on both sides of the Yishu fault zone presents a wave of change, which may be an expression of the accumulation of seismic strain energy in the Yishu fault zone and its two sides. The linear relationship between the equivalent magnitude M from released energy and two blocks' relative motion V can be fitted by linear equation M=0.51*V+3.9, showing that strain energy accumulation could be released by the moderate and small earthquakes in a timely manner, which may favorable to delay the seismic risk in the study area. It also shows, on the other hand, that earthquake energy was not released so completely in the study area since the end of 2015 to 2016, which is likely associated with the Changdao earthquake swarm in 2017. 相似文献
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B. I. Birger 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2016,52(6):928-935
Plate tectonics only allows small deformations in the lithospheric plates. The laboratory experiments with the rock specimens show that the creep is transient when the creep strain is at most 1%. Hence, if we assume that the creep strain in the lithospheric plates is below this threshold, the creep is transient. The present paper addresses the role of the elastic, brittle (pseudo-plastic), and creep rheology of the lithosphere during the accumulation of elastic shear strains on the locked faults in the Earth’s crust, i.e., during the process of preparation of the earthquakes. The effective viscosity characterizing the transient creep is lower than that under the steady-state creep and it depends on the characteristic time of a given process. The characteristic duration of the stress and strain accumulation process in the vicinity of the locked faults is a few dozen years. On these time intervals, the thin upper crustal layer behaves as brittle; the underlying layer behaves as elastic (it is just this layer which accommodates stress accumulation leading to the earthquake), whereas the transient creep is predominant in the lower crust and mantle lithosphere. Transient creep entails nonlinear time dependence of the strains arising in the vicinity of the locked fault in the elastic crust. The perturbations in the magnetic field induced by these strains can be treated as the magnetic precursor of the earthquake. 相似文献
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—A GPS array with about 1,000 permanent stations is under operation in Japan. The GPS array revealed coseismic deformations associated with large earthquakes and ongoing secular deformation in the Japanese islands. Based on daily coordinate data of the GPS stations, strain rate distribution is estimated. Most regions with a large strain rate are related to plate boundaries and active volcanoes. In addition, the Niigata-Kobe Tectonic Zone (NKTZ) is recognized as a region of large strain rate along the Japan Sea coast and in the northern Chubu and Kinki districts. This newly found tectonic zone may be related to a hypothetical boundary between the Eurasian (or Amurian) and the Okhotsk (or North America) plates. Precise observation of crustal deformation provides important boundary conditions on numerical modeling of earthquakes and other crustal activities. Appropriate computation methods of continuous deformation field are directly applicable to data assimilation for such numerical simulations. 相似文献
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在经典的非震形变位错模型中,地壳形变被认为是活动块体刚性运动和上部断层锁定影响的叠加,本文对此模型进行了改进: (1) 用活动块体整体运动和内部线性应变、旋转的贡献代替活动块体刚性运动的贡献;(2) 用分层介质地壳模型代替半无限介质模型计算断层锁定的影响. 利用改进后的非震形变位错模型,拟合了台湾地区1990～1995年间GPS观测资料. 结果显示,在东部海岸山脉区,约有30 mm·a-1的汇聚率被奇美断层消耗掉,运动速度从奇美断层向北迅速衰减. 在西部平原地区,南部断层是岛内锁定最为强烈的断层,该地区相应的也是史上灾害性地震多发的地区. 根据反演结果计算出的应变率与旋转率分布与前人结果在大部分地区一致,主应变率场显示台湾大部分地区存在近NW-SE方向的主压应变,主压应变方向呈扇形分布. 旋转率场显示台湾东部和南部地区存在着逆时针旋转率,而西部和北部地区则为顺时针旋转率. 相似文献
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断层活动协调比方法在分析云南地区的地壳应变积累上具有适用性。利用区域11处跨断层流动监测场地的三十余年观测资料,首先计算跨断层场地的三维活动量,进而得出场地的断层活动协调比参数,结果显示:(1)丽江、永胜、剑川、石屏、建水场地在对应6~7级地震上,历史映震效果良好;云南地区近期存在异常的跨断层监测场地有剑川、石屏和建水场地,存在应变积累、断层活动出现异常的断裂有剑川断裂和石屏-建水断裂;(2)结合跨断层原始观测数据和三维活动量时序曲线,综合认为云南地区地壳形变异常区域分布在滇西北地区的剑川、下关和永胜以及滇中地区的峨山、石屏和建水附近;(3)结合地震活动性资料,综合认为四川九寨沟7.0级地震后,南北地震带南段应力可能会加速积累,应重点关注云南地区的中强震危险性。 相似文献