共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
分析了相邻井下、地表地震计记录的背景噪声及近震、远震波形特征,以及相关的振幅谱及近震、远震接收函数波形特征.结果表明,井下地震计记录的背景噪声比地表地震计小1个数量级,其近震、远震波形记录较清晰、简洁;井下、地表地震计记录的远震振幅谱和径向接收函数具有较好的一致性,但背景噪声、近震振幅谱、近震接收函数、远震切向接收函数... 相似文献
2.
分析了相邻井下、地表地震计记录的背景噪声及近震、远震波形特征,以及相关的振幅谱及近震、远震接收函数波形特征。结果表明,井下地震计记录的背景噪声比地表地震计小1个数量级,其近震、远震波形记录较清晰、简洁;井下、地表地震计记录的远震振幅谱和径向接收函数具有较好的一致性,但背景噪声、近震振幅谱、近震接收函数、远震切向接收函数波形存在一定差异;由地表地震计得到的近震震级比井下地震计的大0.12,地表地震计到井下地震计之间的P波速度约为2 km/s。 相似文献
3.
频率域提取接收函数时引入“水准量”来代替垂向分量频谱中比较小的成分以保证反褶积结果的稳定性,却降低了精度,尤其对反映深部壳幔结构的低频信息影响较大;实际的等效震源时间函数长度是有限的,由于地震记录上后续干扰震相能量的影响,垂直分量波形往往比较复杂,若将其直接作为等效震源时间函数必然影响所提取接收函数的精度.针对以上问题,本文改进“水准量”的使用方法,并采取折中方案选取“水准量”和等效震源时间函数的长度,以便在频率域反褶积中得到稳定的接收函数,同时提高反褶积的精度.对观测数据的试验效果显示,本文方法提取的接收函数稳定性好、精度高,是一种有效的提取台站高质量接收函数的方法. 相似文献
4.
深井井下地震综合观测对仪器的可靠性要求很高, 为满足高可靠性的要求, 我们提出了基于6个斜轴悬挂平动分量传感器的高可靠深井地震计解决方案。 使用该方案的高可靠深井地震计的可靠性是普通三分量地震计的20倍, 为了最大限度发挥高可靠深井地震计方案的优势, 需要掌握各分量的工作状态。 本文研究了所有6个分量传感器输出波形的特征, 提出垂直向波形符合性检验、 水平向波形符合性检验和X、 Y、 Z波形符合性检验方法, 由此掌握各分量传感器的工作状态。 这些方法有助于确定井下各分量地震计的工作状态, 从而决定采用适当的组合来获得相对最佳的X、 Y、 Z输出波形, 最大限度发挥6分量井下地震计的性能。 相似文献
5.
接收函数方法及研究进展 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：8
远震P波波形数据中包含了大量在台站下方地壳上地幔速度间断面所产生的P-S转换波及其多次反射波的信息，是研究台站下方局部区域S速度分布理想的震相，由此产生的接收函数方法是反演台站下方S波速度结构的有效手段。接收函数方法可以通过波形反演拟合接收函数的径向分量，对观测台站下方地球介质的S波速度结构进行估计，也可以通过偏移叠加获得的接收函数道集（地震剖面图）追踪速度间断面。这种方法避免了对天然地震震源及其附近结构混响效应等复杂因素的影响，对S波速度的垂向分布敏感，垂向分辨率高。由于宽频带流动地震台阵的发展，用此方法还可获得研究区域速度结构的横向变化，横向分辨能力主要取决于台站的间距。本文回顾20年来接收函数研究的进展，探讨了方法研究的发展趋势，介绍了对地壳-上地幔结构的部分研究结果。 相似文献
6.
利用Ｓｈａｍｗａｙ和Ｄｅｒ的多道最大或然性反褶积原理，讨论了从单台三分量远震Ｐ波波形中分离接收函数径向与垂向分量复谱比的方法．根据Ｔａｒａｎｔｏｌａ的波形反演理论发展了接收函数复谱比的非线性反演方法．本文的反演方法除了拟合接收函数的复谱比之外，还需拟合时间域中接收函数垂向与径向分量的初至振幅比．合成波形数据反演的结果表明本文方法的反演结果不依赖初始模型．利用该方法和ＣＤＳＮ台网兰州台记录的宽频带远震Ｐ波波形数据，研究了该台站的接收函数及其随方位角的变化．接收函数复谱比非线性反演给出了该台站下方１４０ｋｍ深度岩石层的Ｓ波速度结构，得到兰州台下方地壳厚度为５４ｋｓ，岩石层厚度为９４ｋｍ． 相似文献
7.
倾斜界面与各向异性介质均可使接收函数的切向分量产生明显的能量.通过对不同模型的理论接收函数的研究，可以发现倾斜界面产生的接收函数切向分量与各向异性介质产生的接收函数切向分量具有显著的差异，主要表现在到时差与周期性上.利用各向异性和倾斜界面造成的切向分量不同的周期性，可以通过加权叠加的方法突出各向异性或倾斜界面的影响，并可对接收函数径向、切向分量进行波形互相关计算，获取各向异性分裂参数.通过对布设于红河断裂附近的4个三分量宽频带流动台站的接收函数莫霍面Ps震相的研究，获得红河断裂附近的地壳各向异性快波方向为132°，快慢波时间延迟为024s.地壳各向异性快波方向与红河断裂带构造走向一致，与上地幔各向异性的快波方向相差近90°，表明红河断裂地区地壳与上地幔构造可能存在解耦现象. 相似文献
8.
对昆明基准地震台山洞内放置的宽频带地震仪BBVS-60及井下放置的GL-S60B深井宽频带地震仪所记录的地震进行信噪比、P波到时差、波形相关性和频谱分析,得出地面与井下记录地震的差异情况。结果表明:①井下台信噪比与地面台信噪比相比提高有限,仅NS向提升明显;②地面台和井下台记录地震的P波到时基本一致;③在震中距小于3.1°时,地面台和井下台记录地震波波形相关度较低甚至不相关;在震中距大于3.1°后,波形相关度较高;④1.5～8.0Hz背景噪声差异,是震中距小于3.1°时地面台和井下台地震波形差异的主要原因。 相似文献
9.
对比分析喀什基准台麦盖提井下和相邻地表宽频带地震计记录的背景噪声、麦盖提ML3.1近震和棉兰老岛ML6.6远震波形记录以及功率谱,并进一步研究了相关的震级差和台站下方结构。研究结果表明,井下和地表地震计记录到的波形特征和功率谱既存在相似性,又具有差异性;井下地震计记录的近、远震波形更清晰、简洁,且功率谱也相对较低。麦盖提台站下方地壳厚度约50km,井下地震计下方59m和地表地震计下方47m深度范围内的平均S波速度分别为0.59km/s和0.47km/s。井下地震计得到的近震和远震震级分别比地表地震计得到的震级小0.518和0.025。本文研究结果对合理布设地表和井下地震计,以及利用其观测数据进行地震学研究具有一定的指示意义。 相似文献
10.
将安徽六安2015年安装的2台GL-S60B井下地震计记录数据,分别与在各自井口架设的BBVS-60地表地震计记录数据进行对比,得到了噪声有效值、频谱特征和有效动态范围等,初步获得了井下地震计在六安的运行情况。研究表明,井下地震计观测效果明显优于地面地震计,这对于未来地震台站选址、仪器选型等具有参考意义。 相似文献
11.
Receiver Functions from Autoregressive Deconvolution 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Qingju Wu Yonghua Li Ruiqing Zhang Rongsheng Zeng 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2007,164(11):2175-2192
Summary Receiver functions can be estimated by minimizing the square errors of Wiener filter in time-domain or spectrum division in
frequency domain. To avoid the direct calculation of auto-correlation and cross-correlation coefficients in Toeplitz equation
or of auto-spectrum and cross-spectrum in spectrum division equation as well as empirically choosing a damping parameter,
autoregressive deconvolution is presented to isolate receiver function from three-component teleseismic P waveforms. The vertical
component of teleseismic P waveform is modeled by an autoregressive model, which can be forward and backward, predicted respectively.
The optimum length of the autoregressive model is determined by the Akaike criterion. By minimizing the square errors of forward
and backward predicting filters, autoregressive filter coefficients can be recursively solved, and receiver function is also
estimated in the similar procedure. Both synthetic and real data tests show that autoregressive deconvolution is an effective
method to isolate receiver function from teleseismic P waveforms in time-domain. 相似文献
12.
Density function evaluation from borehole gravity meter data – regularized spectral domain deconvolution approach 
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下载免费PDF全文 We present a new method of transforming borehole gravity meter data into vertical density logs. This new method is based on the regularized spectral domain deconvolution of density functions. It is a novel alternative to the “classical” approach, which is very sensitive to noise, especially for high‐definition surveys with relatively small sampling steps. The proposed approach responds well to vertical changes of density described by linear and polynomial functions. The model used is a vertical cylinder with large outer radius (flat circular plate) crossed by a synthetic vertical borehole profile. The task is formulated as a minimization problem, and the result is a low‐pass filter (controlled by a regularization parameter) in the spectral domain. This regularized approach is tested on synthetic datasets with noise and gives much more stable solutions than the classical approach based on the infinite Bouguer slab approximation. Next, the tests on real‐world datasets are presented. The properties and presented results make our proposed approach a viable alternative to the other processing methods of borehole gravity meter data based on horizontally layered formations. 相似文献
13.
Elimination of the water-layer response from multi-component source and receiver marine electromagnetic data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Janniche Iren Nordskag Lasse Amundsen Lars Løseth Egil Holvik 《Geophysical Prospecting》2009,57(5):897-918
This paper presents the theory to eliminate from the recorded multi‐component source, multi‐component receiver marine electromagnetic measurements the effect of the physical source radiation pattern and the scattering response of the water‐layer. The multi‐component sources are assumed to be orthogonally aligned above the receivers at the seabottom. Other than the position of the sources, no source characteristics are required. The integral equation method, which for short is denoted by Lorentz water‐layer elimination, follows from Lorentz' reciprocity theorem. It requires information only of the electromagnetic parameters at the receiver level to decompose the electromagnetic measurements into upgoing and downgoing constituents. Lorentz water‐layer elimination replaces the water layer with a homogeneous half‐space with properties equal to those of the sea‐bed. The source is redatumed to the receiver depth. When the subsurface is arbitrary anisotropic but horizontally layered, the Lorentz water‐layer elimination scheme greatly simplifies and can be implemented as deterministic multi‐component source, multi‐component receiver multidimensional deconvolution of common source gathers. The Lorentz deconvolved data can be further decomposed into scattering responses that would be recorded from idealized transverse electric and transverse magnetic mode sources and receivers. This combined electromagnetic field decomposition on the source and receiver side gives data equivalent to data from a hypothetical survey with the water‐layer absent, with idealized single component transverse electric and transverse magnetic mode sources and idealized single component transverse electric and transverse magnetic mode receivers. When the subsurface is isotropic or transverse isotropic and horizontally layered, the Lorentz deconvolution decouples into pure transverse electric and transverse magnetic mode data processing problems, where a scalar field formulation of the multidimensional Lorentz deconvolution is sufficient. In this case single‐component source data are sufficient to eliminate the water‐layer effect. We demonstrate the Lorentz deconvolution by using numerically modeled data over a simple isotropic layered model illustrating controlled‐source electromagnetic hydrocarbon exploration. In shallow water there is a decrease in controlled‐source electromagnetic sensitivity to thin resistors at depth. The Lorentz deconvolution scheme is designed to overcome this effect by eliminating the water‐layer scattering, including the field's interaction with air. 相似文献
14.
Flavio Poletto Lorenzo Petronio Biancamaria Farina Andrea Schleifer 《Geophysical Prospecting》2011,59(3):464-476
We present the results of a seismic interferometry experiment in a shallow cased borehole. The experiment is an initial study for subsequent borehole seismic surveys in an instrumented well site, where we plan to test other surface/borehole seismic techniques. The purpose of this application is to improve the knowledge of the reflectivity sequence and to verify the potential of the seismic interferometry approach to retrieve high‐frequency signals in the single well geometry, overcoming the loss and attenuation effects introduced by the overburden. We used a walkaway vertical seismic profile (VSP) geometry with a seismic vibrator to generate polarized vertical and horizontal components along a surface seismic line and an array of 3C geophones cemented outside the casing. The recorded traces are processed to obtain virtual sources in the borehole and to simulate single‐well gathers with a variable source‐receiver offset in the vertical array. We compare the results obtained by processing the field data with synthetic signals calculated by numerical simulation and analyse the signal bandwidth and amplitude versus offset to evaluate near‐field effects in the virtual signals. The application provides direct and reflected signals with improved bandwidth after vibrator signal deconvolution. Clear reflections are detected in the virtual seismic sections in agreement with the geology and other surface and borehole seismic data recorded with conventional seismic exploration techniques. 相似文献
15.
为获取江苏省测震台网井下地震计精确方位角,架设地面参考地震计,将其精确指北,并与井下地震计检测结果进行对比,利用相关分析法计算22个深井台站精度较高的方位角。研究结果表明,受多因素制约,井下地震计检测结果普遍偏差较大,部分台站水平向分量几乎反向,如提井,需重新进行方位角检测;地面与井下地震计同频带有利于提高相关性,从而获取高精度检测结果;利用不同频带地震计进行井下地震计方位角检测时,对较宽频带地震计进行仿真处理尤为重要;溧阳2台站新建井下地震计检测结果表明相关分析法可应用于井下地震计方位角检测;尽可能选择台基噪声功率谱密度曲线具有明显波峰频段作为滤波频段,有利于提高地面与井下地震计观测数据相关性,提高方位角检测精度。 相似文献
16.
用Wiener滤波方法提取台站接收函数 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
本文提出了一种在时间域用Wiener滤波方法提取台站接收函数的方法，用远震P波波形的垂直分量为输入，接收函数作为滤波因子，远震P波波形的径向和切向分量作为期望输出，通过期望输出与实际输出的均方误差达极小，来提取接收函数。接收函数的计算可归结为Toeplitz方程的求解，可以采用Levinson递推算法。Toeplitz方程的非奇异性保证了Wiener滤波反褶积方法的稳定性。合成地震图与观测地震图的检验表明，用Wiener滤波方法测定台站接收函数是一种有效的时间域反褶积方法。 相似文献