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1.
1988年11月6日,在云南省西南部的澜沧-耿马断裂带上发生了两次大于7级的地震.地震造成的严重破坏和人员伤亡主要是由于极震区内抗震性能极差的毛石房、砖柱土坯房的大量倒塌所致.澜沧地震的震中基本烈度可达Ⅸ度,耿马地震极震区烈度达Ⅹ度.澜沧地震构造活动的地表证据主要是出现在极震区内的张性地裂缝带和小断层陡坎.地裂缝带和小断坎主要出现在四条相对连续的北北西走向的狭窄地带内,其长度从几百 m 到6km 不等.澜沧地震地表破裂带长约35km,宽约3km,最大垂直位移量和最大右旋水平位移量分别为1.5m 和1.4m.耿马地震地表断裂活动的明显证据包括一系列北北西走向的地裂缝带和一段长约5km的地震断层陡坎.耿马地震地表破裂带长约24km,其最大垂直位移3.5m,最大右旋水平位移为3m.两次地震形成的地表破裂带均具有右旋-正断层性质.本文讨论了这两次地震的 度分布及地表破裂特征. 相似文献
2.
澜沧—耿马地震发震构造初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文根据澜沧—耿马地震形变带、极震区及余震序列分布特征,分析了7.6和7.2级地震的发震构造,认为北北西向旱母坝断层是7.2级地震的发震构造,7.6级地震的发震构造不是一条单一的断层,北西向木嘎断裂和北北西向澜沧—勐海断裂均有明显破裂表现,这一特点与震区复杂的地质构造背景有密切联系。 相似文献
3.
澜沧、耿马地震序列图象与发震构造讨论 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文分析了1988年11月6日云南澜沧、耿马地震序列的震中分布及迁移图象,发现其地震序列中主震及余震明显地沿北北西向分布。7.2级地震所形成的形变带沿北北西向旱母坝断层分布,表明该断层即为此次地震的发震构造。7.6级地震时,沿北西向木嘎断裂和北北西向澜沧—勐海断裂均形成明显的地震形变带,表明其发震构造较复杂。主震后的强余震活动与北东向断裂有密切关系。本文认为澜沧、耿马地震序列具有复杂的发震构造和破裂图象。 相似文献
4.
1976年盐源—宁蒗地震序列的破裂特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用地震活动图象和震源机制资料的构造分析方法，研究盐源－宁蒗地震序列的破裂特征。结果认为：６．７级地震破裂面是北北东向左旋走滑断层，５．６级６．４级地震破裂面是两条北西西向右旋走滑断层，构成以北北东向断为主干的共轭破裂组合，该序列受弥渡－木里地壳深部活动断裂带控制。 相似文献
5.
澜沧—耿马地震的地表破裂特征 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
本文通过对澜沦—耿马地震所形成的地震形变带中地震断层和构造地裂缝的追索、调查和实测,分析了澜沧—耿马地震地面破坏的组合类型及其与构造线的展有关系,对形成澜沧—耿马地震的应力场及控震、发震构造进行了初步研究。 相似文献
6.
位于滇西南地区的黑河断裂从西向东可分为沧源-木戛、木戛-南代和南代-勐往3条次级断裂段,长约168km,性质以右旋走滑为主,兼具倾滑分量。通过较详细的野外追踪考察,发现该断裂西段即沧源-木戛段存在从雪林大寨以西至木戛长12km以上、北西向断续展布的古地震形变带,主要表现为基岩裂缝、田埂和山坡等右旋扭动显示的右旋断错,断错量0.5—2m,同时还形成了高0.5—1m的断层陡坎。陡坎的垂直位错是断层倾滑运动分量引起的,而地形效应和重力作用也有一定影响。从这些地表形变带的断错地层、陡坎形态等分析,认为是同1次地震活动的结果,经调查访问其不是1988年澜沧7.6级地震的地表形变带,而是时代相对较新的未知年代的古地震形变带。经探槽开挖和样品年代测试,确认其时间介于(1400±30)a.B.P.—(1714±49)a.B.P.之间。根据走滑型地震的震级与同震位错的经验统计关系,估算该次地震的矩震级≥7级,这与该断裂中段即木戛-南代段发生的1988年澜沧MS7.6级地震相当。 相似文献
7.
南迦巴瓦构造结周边地区主要断裂现今运动特征 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
本文基于南迦巴瓦构造结周边16个宽频带地震台的观测波形数据,对地震事件进行相关分析,使用MSDP软件进行多台定位,编制了研究区内的地震目录,并利用CAP方法获得了研究区内主要断裂带两侧10km范围内M 3.0以上地震的震源机制解,用于分析主要断裂带的现今运动特征。研究结果表明:研究区内的地震活动受主要断裂带的控制;墨脱断裂带现今运动主要为左旋逆冲运动;米林断裂带以左旋正断运动为主;嘉黎断裂带以右旋逆冲为主,兼有左旋和正断运动;阿帕龙断裂带以右旋逆冲运动为主;边坝-达木新生断裂带运动以右旋逆冲运动为主,兼有正断和左旋运动;各主要断裂带的现今运动特征与地质和GPS观测结果相同,表明南迦巴瓦构造结周边地区主要断裂带的现今运动主要受阿萨姆构造结俯冲作用的控制。 相似文献
8.
通过对汗母坝-澜沧断裂晚第四纪地质、地貌实地调查与测量,并结合前人研究成果,讨论了该断裂晚第四纪最新构造活动特征。综合分析认为,汗母坝-澜沧断裂为一条以右旋走滑为主的全新世活动断裂,长约120 km,整体走向NNW。该断裂活动习性具有明显的分段特征,北段称为汗母坝断裂,是1988年耿马7.2级地震的发震断裂;南段称为澜沧断裂,是1988年澜沧7.6级地震的发震断裂之一。晚第四纪以来其新活动形成了丰富的断错地貌现象,如冲沟和山脊右旋位错、断层沟槽、断层垭口、断层陡坎、断陷凹坑等。根据断裂断错地貌特征的相应资料估计,该断裂晚第四纪右旋走滑速率约为(4.7±0.5) mm/a。 相似文献
9.
以2007年6月3日云南省宁洱6.4级地震地表裂缝、喷砂冒水、地震滑坡、地震崩塌等资料为基础,结合震区的地质构造、震源机制解、余震分布等资料,研究了本次地震的发震断层及其强震频繁发生的动力学机制. 地震地表裂缝资料表明,北西向的宁洱断裂班海段具有右旋走滑的特征,北北东向的断层具有左旋走滑的性质. 地震地质灾害集中分布在330deg;方向上的长13.5 km、宽4 km的范围内. 等震线的长轴方向亦为330deg;,Ⅷ度区长轴长度为17 km. 震源机制解资料显示,宁洱6.4级地震的北西向节面为右旋错动,北东向节面为左旋错动. 大于等于2.0级的余震分布优势方向为330deg;,深度为3——12 km,优势深度为3——10 km,余震分布与地震地质灾害集中分布带一致. 以上资料说明,宁洱断裂班海段为这次地震的发震断层. 最后以活动地块理论为基础,讨论了宁洱地震的动力来源为印度板块的向北推挤使青藏高原向东滑移,在滇西南地区转化为向南南东方向的挤出,使宁洱附近网络状的北西向断裂发生右旋活动,北东向断裂发生左旋活动. 这种构造格局可能是该区频繁发生6.0——6.9级地震的原因. 相似文献
10.
11.
长江三峡地区地壳形变特征及其构造意义 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
本文讨论了三峡地区地壳形变特征,认为黄陵断块相对于周缘的差异性运动是存在的,最大年速率可达5—10毫米。跨断层的短水准结果以继承性断层活动为主,年速率在毫米级。水平形变网揭示仙女山断裂带近年来表现为左旋压扭性,天阳坪断裂带以右旋滑动为主 相似文献
12.
玉树和汶川地震前后区域水平形变的空间分布 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以1999—2007年和2009—2010年两个时间段的GNSS观测资料为基础, 借助于多核函数解析、 滤波和应变场的无偏算法以及区域无旋转基准, 在运动场连续变化的条件下获得了玉树MS7.1和汶川MS8.0地震前后青藏高原东南地域运动与形变场, 并得到如下基本认知: ① 玉树和汶川地震前震源区构造活动在空间和较长时间上明显弱化, 最大正应变和最大剪切应变均处在区域构造活动的最低水平。 ② 与地震破裂相应的旋剪形变最大部位既不位于震源区也不远离震源区, 似乎存在某种协调有序活动, 玉树地震发震构造断裂带基本上处在区域右旋活动与左旋活动的过渡区上, 而左旋活动最大条带却为平行于该断裂带且相距约150 km的东北构造活动区内; 汶川地震发震构造断裂虽处在右旋活动的龙门山断裂带上, 但右旋活动最大条带为平行于该断裂带且相距约200 km的西北活动区内。 ③ 玉树地震震时较大水平形变的范围较小, 汶川地震震后水平形变仍较突出。 ④ 理塘—德巫断裂带的北段及周边地区应给予关注, 面应变为象限分布图像, 最大正应变和最大剪切应变均显示闭锁的迹象。 相似文献
13.
THE LATE QUATERNARY ACTIVITY AND FORMATION MECHANISM OF BAOERTU FAULT ZONE,EASTERN TIANSHAN SEGMENT 
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下载免费PDF全文 REN Guang-xue LI Chuan-you WU Chuan-yong WANG Si-yu ZHANG Hui-ping REN Zhi-kun LI Xin-nan 《地震地质》2019,41(4):856-871
Influenced by the far-field effect of India-Eurasia collision, Tianshan Mountains is one of the most intensely deformed and seismically active intracontinental orogenic belts in Cenozoic. The deformation of Tianshan is not only concentrated on its south and north margins, but also on the interior of the orogen. The deformation of the interior of Tianshan is dominated by NW-trending right-lateral strike-slip faults and ENE-trending left-lateral strike-slip faults. Compared with numerous studies on the south and north margins of Tianshan, little work has been done to quantify the slip rates of faults within the Tianshan Mountains. Therefore, it is a significant approach for geologists to understand the current tectonic deformation style of Tianshan Mountains by studying the late Quaternary deformation characteristics of large fault and fold zones extending through the interior of Tianshan. In this paper, we focus on a large near EW trending fault, the Baoertu Fault (BETF) in the interior of Tianshan, which is a large fault in the eastern Tianshan area with apparent features of deformation, and a boundary fault between the central and southern Tianshan. An MS5.0 earthquake event occurred on BETF, which indicates that this fault is still active. In order to understand the kinematics and obtain the late Quaternary slip rate of BETF, we made a detailed research on its late Quaternary kinematic features based on remote sensing interpretation, drone photography, and field geological and geomorphologic survey, the results show that the BETF is of left-lateral strike-slip with thrust component in late Quaternary. In the northwestern Kumishi basin, BETF sinistrally offsets the late Pleistocene piedmont alluvial fans, forming fault scarps and generating sinistral displacement of gullies and geomorphic surfaces. In the bedrock region west of Benbutu village, BETF cuts through the bedrock and forms the trough valley. Besides, a series of drainages or rivers which cross the fault zone and date from late Pleistocene have been left-laterally offset systematically, resulting in a sinistral displacement ranging 0.93~4.53km. By constructing the digital elevation model (DEM) for the three sites of typical deformed morphologic units, we measured the heights of fault scarps and left-lateral displacements of different gullies forming in different times, and the result shows that BEFT is dominated by left-lateral strike-slip with thrust component. We realign the bended channels across the fault at BET01 site and obtain the largest displacement of 67m. And we propose that the abandon age of the deformed fan is about 120ka according to the features of the fan. Based on the offsets of channels at BET01 and the abandon age of deformed fan, we estimate the slip rate of 0.56mm/a since late Quaternary. The Tianshan Mountains is divided into several sub-blocks by large faults within the orogen. The deformation in the interior of Tianshan can be accommodated or absorbed by relative movement or rotation. The relative movement of the two sub-blocks surrounded by Boa Fault, Kaiduhe Fault and BETF is the dominant cause for the left-lateral movement of BETF. The left-lateral strike-slip with reverse component of BETF in late Quaternary not only accommodates the horizontal stain within eastern Tianshan but also absorbs some SN shortening of the crust. 相似文献
14.
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15.
Based on the analysis of multi-temporal and multi-spectral satellite images for North China region, we have found that one
year and more before the occurrence of 1976 Tangshan earthquake, the anomalies of electro-magnetic radiation on the satellite
images indicated that the NE-trending Tangshan fault zone was dissected by the NNW-trending Nantai-Tangshan fault, and the
Changping-Fengnan fault was dragged to form an arcuate bending at Fengnan. All these indicate the right-lateral translation
along the Tangshan fault in NE direction. In order to gain an insight into the features of these faults, a shallow seismic
exploration along the Tangshan and Changping-Fengnan faults has been carried out. The results have indicated that the NE-trending
Tangshan fault is a high angle right-lateral strike-slip normal fault, dipping northwest, while the NWW-trending Changping-Fengnan
fault is a southwest-dipping left-lateral strike-slip normal fault.
The project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 49672170). 相似文献
16.
本文综合GPS流动和连续观测结果,并利用最速下降法（SDM）反演方法,给出并分析了2014年鲁甸6.5级地震同震位移、断层面滑动位移分布特征.GPS同震位移结果表明：此次地震沿北西方向表现出左旋应变释放特征、沿北东向表现出拉张应变释放的同震特征,并且随着离开断裂带距离的增加,拉张变形衰减;受包谷垴—小河断裂控制的左旋剪切应变释放的位移在莲峰、昭通—鲁甸断裂附近较弱,说明该断裂可能没有完全切割昭通—鲁甸断裂,不属于该区域主干断裂;昭通—鲁甸断裂带有一定的右旋应变释放,而逆冲应变释放不明显,表明该断裂带处于受南东向挤压的强闭锁状态.SDM反演结果表明,鲁甸地震以左旋走滑为主并兼有拉张性质,地震矩震级为MW6.3左右.综上所述,并结合其他研究成果,我们认为莲峰、昭通—鲁甸断裂带仍存在强震危险性. 相似文献
17.
《地震研究进展（英文）》2021,1(2):100027
A remarkable earthquake struck Yutian, China on June 26th, 2020. Here, we use Sentinel-1 images to investigate the deformation induced by this event. We invert the InSAR observations using a two-step approach: a nonlinear inversion to constrain fault geometries with uniform slip based on the rectangular plane dislocation in an elastic half-space, followed by a linear inversion to retrieve the slip distribution on the fault plane. The results show that the maximum LOS displacement is 22.6 cm, and the fault accessed to the ruptured characteristics of normal faults with the minor left-lateral strike-slip component. The fault model indicates a 210° strike. The main rupture zone concentrates in the depth of 5–15 km, and the fault slip peaks at 0.89 m at the depth of 9 km. Then, we calculate the variation of the static Coulomb stress based on the optimal fault model, the results suggest that the Coulomb stress of the Altyn Tagh fault and other neighboring faults has increased and more attention should be paid to possible seismic risks. 相似文献
18.
Field surveys and trench excavation investigations revealed that there were at least four large seismic events produced by slips on the Gosukebashi fault in the Holocene in the southeastern Rokko Mountains of Japan. The characteristics of deformed topographies and three-dimensionally excavated exposures show that this fault is a right-lateral strike–slip fault having an average slip rate of 1.0 mm/year, with a reverse displacement component. The principle indicators of past faulting events are: (i) termination of secondary faults; (ii) sedimentary deposits related to faulting; and (iii) injection veins of fault gouge related to seismic faulting in the fractured zone. Radiocarbon dates indicate that the events occurred pre-1660 BC , 1660 BC –220 AD , from ～ 30–220 to 600 AD and 15th century AD . The youngest event is probably associated with the large 1596 AD Keicho-Fushimi earthquake which occurred in the area around Kyoto and Kobe Cities. The second younger event is probably correlated with the 416 AD Yamato earthquake, which is the oldest historic earthquake in Japanese historic records. The results of trench surveys show that the horizontal displacement produced by an individual event is ～ 1.5 m, and the recurrence of seismic event intervals is ～ 1200 years in the Gosukebashi fault. 相似文献
19.
基于InSAR技术,利用欧空局升降轨Sentinel-1A/IW宽幅数据,获取了2017年8月8日四川九寨沟7.0级地震InSAR同震形变场,并以升降轨InSAR观测结果为约束,反演了断层滑动分布,基于三种不同接收断层计算了同震库仑应力变化.结果表明,同震形变场发生在塔藏断裂、岷江断裂和虎牙断裂交汇的三角地带,升降轨干涉位移均显示本次地震的形变场影响范围约为50 km×50 km,形变场长轴方向为NW向,升降轨观测的形变量相反,反映断层运动性质以走滑运动为主,升降轨数据观测得到的最大LOS （Line of Sight,视线向）形变量分别为~22 cm和~14 cm.非对称形变场反映出断层两侧的运动差异.反演结果显示,最大滑动量约为1 m,平均滑动角为-9°,矩震级为MW6.5,地震破裂主要集中在地下1~15 km深度范围内,但整体而言本次地震破裂较为充分,基本将该区域1973年及1976年4次 > MW6.0地震的破裂空区完全破裂.考虑到塔藏断裂和虎牙断裂的运动性质,可初步判定发震断层为虎牙断裂北侧延伸分支.基于三种不同接收断层模型的同震库仑应力变化计算结果反映出该区域以应力释放为主,进一步触发较大走滑型余震的可能性不大. 相似文献
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TERRACE DEFORMATION AND SLIP RATES OF THE DONGBIELIEKE FAULT IN WESTERN JUNGGAR BASIN SINCE THE LATE QUATERNARY 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Strike-slip fault plays an important role in the process of tectonic deformation since Cenozoic in Asia. The role of strike-slip fault in the process of mountain building and continental deformation has always been an important issue of universal concern to the earth science community. Junggar Basin is located in the hinterland of Central Asia, bordering on the north the Altay region and the Baikal rift system, which are prone to devastating earthquakes, the Tianshan orogenic belt and the Tibet Plateau on the south, and the rigid blocks, such as Erdos, the South China, the North China Plain and Amur, on the east. Affected by the effect of the Indian-Eurasian collision on the south of the basin and at the same time, driven by the southward push of the Mongolian-Siberian plate, the active structures in the periphery of the basin show a relatively strong activity. The main deformation patterns are represented by the large-scale NNW-trending right-lateral strike-slip faults dominated by right-lateral shearing, the NNE-trending left-lateral strike-slip faults dominated by left-lateral shearing, and the thrust-nappe structure systems distributed in piedmont of Tianshan in the south of the basin. There are three near-parallel-distributed left-lateral strike-slip faults in the west edge of the basin, from the east to the west, they are:the Daerbute Fault, the Toli Fault and the Dongbielieke Fault. This paper focuses on the Dongbielieke Fault in the western Junggar region. The Dongbielieke Fault is a Holocene active fault, located at the key position of the western Junggar orogenic belt. The total length of the fault is 120km, striking NE. Since the late Quaternary, the continuous activity of the Dongbielieke Fault has caused obvious left-lateral displacement at all geomorphologic units along the fault, and a linear continuous straight steep scarp was formed on the eastern side of the Tacheng Basin. According to the strike and the movement of fault, the fault can be divided into three segments, namely, the north, middle and south segment.
In order to obtain a more accurate magnitude of the left-lateral strike-slip displacement and the accumulative left-lateral strike-slip displacement of different geomorphic surfaces, we chose the Ahebiedou River in the southern segment and used the UAV to take three-dimensional photographs to obtain the digital elevation model(the accuracy is 10cm). And on this basis, the amount of left-lateral strike-slip displacement of various geological masses and geomorphic surfaces(lines)since their formation is obtained. The maximum left-lateral displacement of the terrace T5 is(30.7±2.1)m and the minimum left-lateral displacement is(20.1±1.3)m; the left-lateral displacement of the terrace T4 is(12±0.9)m, and the left-lateral displacement of the terrace T2 is(8.7±0.6)m. OSL dating samples from the surface of different level terraces(T5, T4, T2 and T1)are collected, processed and measured, and the ages of the terraces of various levels are obtained. By measuring the amount of left-lateral displacements since the Late Quaternary of the Dongbielieke Fault and combining the dating results of the various geomorphic surfaces, the displacements and slip rates of the fault on each level of the terraces since the formation of the T5 terrace are calculated. Using the maximum displacement of(30.7±2.1)m of the T5 terrace and the age of the geomorphic surface on the west bank of the river, we obtained the slip rate of(0.7±0.11)mm/a; similarly, using the minimum displacement of(20.1±1.3)m and the age of the geomorphic surface of the east bank, we obtained the slip rate of(0.46±0.07)mm/a. T5 terrace is developed on both banks of the river and on both walls of the fault. After the terraces are offset by faulting, the terraces on foot wall in the left bank of the river are far away from the river, and the erosion basically stops. After that, the river mainly cuts the terraces on the east bank. Therefore, the west bank retains a more accurate displacement of the geomorphic surface(Gold et al., 2009), so the left-lateral slip rate of the T5 terrace is taken as(0.7±0.11)mm/a. The left-lateral slip rate calculated for T4 and T2 terraces is similar, with an average value of(0.91±0.18)mm/a. In the evolution process of river terraces, the lateral erosion of high-level terrace is much larger than that of low-level terrace, so the slip rate of T4 and T2 terraces is closer to the true value. The left-lateral slip rate of the Dongbielieke Fault since the late Quaternary is(0.91±0.18)m/a. Compared with the GPS slip rate in the western Junggar area, it is considered that the NE-trending strike-slip motion in this area is dominated by the Dongbielieke Fault, which absorbs a large amount of residual deformation while maintaining a relatively high left-lateral slip rate. 相似文献