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对同一场地改变土层分层厚度分别建立四种土层反应分析计算模型,输入人工合成的基岩地震波,分别进行土层地震反应分析计算,得到相应的地表加速度峰值和反应谱。对计算得到的结果进行分析比较,最终得出分层厚度对地震动参数的影响。 相似文献
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为分析地下水的存在对地震动参数的影响,以3个实际场地作为计算土层,2条真实的地震波记录作为输入地震动,分别计算不含地下水工况和饱含地下水工况的土层地震反应。其中,不含地下水工况使用单相介质模型,饱含地下水工况使用双相介质模型,算法均使用有限差分方法,人工边界使用透射边界。根据得到的加速度时程,提取它们的峰值加速度和反应谱数据,经过对比分析,得出以下结论:(1)含地下水场地的地表峰值加速度要明显小于不含地下水场地的地表峰值加速度;(2)含地下水场地的地表加速度反应谱要大于不含地下水场地的反应谱值;(3)由于地下水的存在,场地放大系数反应谱特征周期向长周期改变,反应谱平台值变大。 相似文献
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通过一维等效线性化方法研究土的动剪切模量非线性特性对土层地震反应的影响,主要分析动剪切模量比与剪应变关系曲线以及最大动剪切模量对反应谱特征周期和地表加速度峰值的影响。结果表明,对于小震和中震,土的动剪切模量比和最大动剪切模量对反应谱特征周期略有影响,对地表加速度峰值影响并不明显;但对于大震,对反应谱特征周期和地表加速度峰值影响较大,随着动剪切模量比和最大动剪切模量的增大,反应谱特征周期减小,地表加速度峰值增大,土层越厚其影响越大。二者对比结果表明,强震下土的动剪切模量比与剪应变关系曲线对地震动的影响程度要比最大动剪切模量对地震动的影响大得多,说明强震下土的动剪切模量比与剪应变关系曲线对土层地震反应会产生更显著影响。 相似文献
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场地地震动参数的确定是工程场地地震安全性评价的主要目标之一,其结果可作为工程场地上的建筑工程抗震设防的资料和依据.场地地震动参数是描述地震发生时场地上地震动特性的量,它主要包括场地地表加速度峰值和加速度反应谱.当有土层存在需考虑近地表局部场地条件对地震动的影响时,常采用一维波动模型来计算土层地震反应. 相似文献
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土层结构对反应谱平台值的影响 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6
本文利用目前工程上广泛应用的场地地震反应的一维等效线性化波动方法,计算了不同场地模型在三种不同强度的地震动输入下的地表加速度反应谱。为了研究不同的土层结构对反应谱平台值的影响,本文将计算得到的地表加速度反应谱拟合成建筑抗震设计规范规定的设计反应谱的形式,分析对比了不同的覆盖层厚度、软弱土层对反应谱平台值的影响,得到了一些有价值的研究成果。 相似文献
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基于地震动衰减模型获取的强度包线参数是人工合成地震动的必备参数之一，目前已有多种地震动衰减模型成果，各自得到的结果有一定差异性，这势必影响土层地震反应分析结果以及基于此结果确定出的设计地震动参数。为研究这一影响，设定不同的震级、震中距，利用各衰减模型分别计算强度包线参数，获取对应的各强度包线参数的分布范围，并均匀划分取值点，以典型的不同强度加速度反应谱作为目标谱，人工合成一系列地震动并作为输入，计算来源与实际工程中不同场地类别的代表性场地的土层地震反应。研究表明：单独改变三个包线参数的大小对同一场地的地表峰值加速度并没有明显影响；部分场地随着t1、ts、c的增长，在某些区间呈现相反的变化趋势；部分类别场地之间的地表峰值加速度在震中距与震级变化时差值大致固定。强度包线参数的不确定性对土层地震反应分析结果有重要影响，人工合成地震动时要慎重选取。 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献