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《地球物理学进展》2015,(5)
本文详细阐释应用逻辑信息法进行多金属矿床矿化规模的定量评价和预测原理,并对建立逻辑信息法预测模型方法、步骤进行讨论.然后以汇水盆地划分出香花岭地区多金属矿床中26个地质体(矿床、矿点)作为统计单元,经通判研究选出与这些地质体矿化规模有关的47个标志(变量).并从25个统计单元中筛选出21个单元作为模型单元,同时根据逻辑信息法选择变异序列的原则,从47个变量中筛选出41个变量,建立2个多矿种的逻辑信息法定量模型,对该区不同的单元矿化程度进行定量评价和预测研究.定量地预测该区的Ⅰ级成矿远景区(小型矿区)1个,Ⅱ级成矿远景区(中型矿区)6个,Ⅲ级成矿远景区(矿点)3个,为确定该区的成矿靶区提供了可靠的依据. 相似文献
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在详细阐释应用逻辑信息法进行矿产资源综合信息评价和预测原理, 并对建立逻辑信息法预测模型方法进行了的讨论，在此基础上选取了与香花岭地区酸性侵入岩体矿化特征有关的40个变量，以岩体为统计单元采用逻辑信息法对该区侵入岩体矿化规模进行定量评价和预测研究，取得了较好的效果,为确定该区的成矿靶区提供了可靠的依据. 相似文献
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赣东南大墩地区铜金多金属矿化主要产于晚三叠世黑云正长花岗岩与南华系接触带附近,受南华系浅变质岩地层岩性及断裂破碎带控制明显。本文以该区1：5万矿产远景调查项目大墩靶区成功找矿为例,基于M APG IS软件系统,对勘查区进行了化探数据处理、化探异常剖析、元素聚类分析、元素定量统计分析、剥蚀程度定量评价等综合定量评价。工作成果表明,勘查区显示铜金为主要矿种、银铅锌为伴生矿种的中低温热液型矿床特征,矿化类型主要为石英脉型,矿床可达小型-中型规模。在风化剥蚀面显露出金铜等近矿地球化学原生晕指示元素。根据地球化学勘查综合定量指标分析,认定大墩地区为面积约15 km2具有中型铜金多金属矿产地勘查前景的找矿靶区。应用以上成果,该区已取得明显找矿效果。 相似文献
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本文在简述复兴矿田水系沉积物异常和相关分析及数量化理论Ⅳ原理基础上.根据该区水系沉积物异常特点,以水系沉积物综合异常图为基础,按元素异常在105个预测单元所占面积比对12种元素实行半定量赋值.采用相关分析,结合数量化理论Ⅳ研究,详细地分析了复兴矿田整个矿区和各个分矿区各元素间组合特征.并指出了研究区元素组合特征与燕山期岩体相关,也与围岩有一定关系,区内成矿物质既来源岩浆活动,也来自地层.最后采用K-LL变换来提取该区地球化学场的组合因子变量为该区的矿产预测提供预测标志空间 相似文献
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三维地质建模是实现深部矿产勘查突破的重要途径,通过对控矿地质体建模,可以直观刻画控矿要素之间关系,实现矿集区“透明化”,进行深部找矿及预测.本文利用赣东北矿集区及外围1：5万重力数据和1：5万航磁数据,开展位场分离获取用于重磁反演的异常数据,再分析物性和岩性之间的关系,完成人机交互重磁反演,最后通过剖面建立朱溪矿区及邻区的三维地质模型.在三维模型建立的基础上,利用BP神经网络,选用随机单元作为样本训练,对朱溪矿区进行成矿预测并获得以下主要认识：(1)获得了赣东北矿集区朱溪外围的三维地质-地球物理模型,获取了地下5 km深度的岩体、地层的三维空间形态;(2)利用BP神经网络对矿集区进行成矿预测,得到了矿集区不同位置的成矿有利度分布图,成矿有利单元与前人划分的成矿远景区大致相符,为赣东北矿区继续找矿提供了依据,也为类似矿集区寻找深部金属资源提供了思路和技术． 相似文献
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矿产靶区预测是一种从统计单元集合中识别找矿靶区的非线性模式识别过程,可以利用Boltzmann机能够对外部刺激进行编码和重建的功能,实现基于Boltzmann机的矿产靶区非线性统计预测过程.鉴于此,笔者定义了面向矿产靶区预测的三层Boltzmann机模型,模型输入层神经元数目等于找矿证据数目,输出层只有一个神经元,隐藏层神经元数目由用户根据矿产靶区预测的精度要求确定;模型应用Hebbian编码和模拟退火算法相结合的随机学习算法进行训练,根据学习训练后模型输入层与隐藏层神经元之间的连接权确定找矿证据的权系数;根据证据权系数和统计单元证据组合特征计算单元成矿有利度,圈定找矿靶区.在GDAL数字图像输入输出函数库基础上,用VC++语言开发了面向栅格数据的矿产靶区预测Boltzmann机算法程序并应用于新疆阿勒泰地区的矿产靶区预测研究.结果表明,Boltzmann机模型预测的统计单元成矿有利度能够正确反映研究区已知矿床(点)的空间分布规律,因此,基于Boltzmann机的矿产靶区非线性统计预测模型是有效的. 相似文献
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乌溪矿区介于长江中下游多金属成矿带与华南成矿带之间,是江南造山带上的一个找矿新区.本文在这一找矿新区开展了有效的电磁方法综合勘探,试图对该区深部成矿机制进行研究.我们收集了该区的地质地球化学资料,从地质地球化学资料中分析了区域成矿背景;我们还采集了区域出露的主要岩石类型,在实验室开展物性测定,在此基础上选择了三种电磁方法开展研究区的野外测量.通过地面高精度磁测、激发极化法和可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)三种地球物理方法,开展了研究区的磁化率、极化率和电阻率的分布特征研究.深入分析了地质、地球化学和地球物理三种资料与成矿的关系,相互约束,探讨成矿模型、成矿机制和成矿的可能性,推测可能的矿体赋存位置和深度范围.在地球物理研究结果基础上,结合地质和地球化学背景资料,构建了研究区的成矿动力学模型,推测了研究区成矿机制,揭示了矿区的成矿潜力.综合所得结果布设了钻孔,钻探结果揭示了研究区深部存在强烈矿化蚀变和强蚀变斑岩,初步确认为斑岩型矿床,与CSAMT剖面的解释结果基本一致,也与推测的测区内深部成矿机制相吻合.钻孔结果和地球物理结果的一致性以及对已构建的成矿动力学模型的支持,充分证明了综合电磁方法在斑岩型多金属矿床的发现和预测中的重要作用,同时斑岩型矿床的确认进一步印证了华南成矿带与俯冲作用形成的成矿带的相似性,从而推动整个华南地区的成矿地质研究. 相似文献
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应用数量化理论对集安复兴屯矿田矿产预测变量研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文结合集安复兴屯矿田1:25万矿产预测资料,采用网格单元在确定训练区和预测区的基础上,对于其中矿产预测地质变量、地球化学场、地球物理场的特征进行详细研究并对定性地质变量以0-1赋值法对其赋值,运用数量化理论Ⅲ进行计算分析,取前三个因子的标度因子得分对区内的地质控矿因素进行分析,从而从定量上为集安复兴屯矿田矿产预测变量... 相似文献
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地震中短期预报效能的统计检验和统计评分中短期前兆及预报效能评价之三 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
简要介绍了地震预报效能统计检验的基本原理和方法及二种统计评分方法: 预报效率值Z评分和相关的V值评分。 以1996年及1986~2003年全国地震趋势会商意见、 新疆维吾尔自治区地震局1987~1998年月会商意见为例进行了中、 短期预报效能的统计评价。 结果表明, 目前地震中期(年度)预报的有震预报总体上有效, 能通过检验, Z1=0.2~0.3, 有一定能力; 无震预报总体上可以通过检验, Z0=0.15左右, 明显低于Z1值; 地震短期(月)预报能力和水平很低, 总体上仍然在有效预报和盲目预报的边界线上下徘徊。 相似文献
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福建省矿业开发产生的环境地质问题主要有占用破坏土地、破坏地貌景观、水土流失、水土污染、水均衡破坏以及采空塌陷、岩溶塌陷、崩滑流矿山地质灾害等。矿山地质环境综合评价单元的划分采用正方形网格单元。选取矿山地质环境现状、地质环境条件、矿产资源开发利用规划、矿山生态环境恢复治理难易程度等作为评价因子。根据各因子对矿山地质环境质量影响存在重大差异及可分层次的实际情况,采用质量指数评价模型作为矿山地质环境综合评价模型。利用MAPGIS的空间分析功能,对整个系统进行综合评价。然后根据综合指数的大小,将全省圈定出28个区的矿山地质环境综合质量划分为严重区、较严重区和一般区。 相似文献
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Abstract The distribution of major geological units, static water level data, water chemistry data, and observations of surface features influenced by groundwater seepage were used to ascertain the nature of groundwater occurrence and flow pattern in the Enugu coal field, Nigeria. Considerations of the geological units, the static groundwater levels and groundwater seepages in the mines indicate that the coal sequence is a multiaquifer system in which sandstone and coal aquifers alternate with shale aquitards. Based on the hydraulic head data, the groundwater flow is predominantly downwards. Groundwater velocity calculation across the multiaquifer system using the Darcy equation gave a flow velocity of about 1 m day?1. For groundwater systems, such a calculated velocity is considered high. The high velocity is most probably due to the high fracture porosity as well as the presence of other stratigraphic and structural features such as alluvial fills that provide high hydraulic conductivity pathways across the aquifer system. The pattern of groundwater inflow into the mines is also influenced by these stratigraphie and structural features. 相似文献
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Based on grey set, grey numbers and their operation properties, the grey numerical model of groundwater seepage system was
set up for the first time, the whole grey solving method of the model was given and it was proved that the common solving
method of the model was only a special case of the grey solving methods. At the same time, the grey solving method was compared
widely with common solving method, classical numerical method. The study shows that the grey solving method is better in depicting
the procedure of transporting grey data of groundwater system. On the basis of the theoretical study, two basic kinds of cases
about groundwater seepage were selected: the prediction of pit yield and the evaluation of groundwater resources on a groundwater
basin. In the cases, systematical analyses were made for generalization and greylization of the hydrogeologic conditions,
setting up of the grey model, identification and correction of the model as well as its prediction and evaluation. It was
pointed out that when the grey numerical model is used to predict pit yield, the upper limit of the “grey band” of groundwater
level cannot be higher than planed safe groundwater level, when evaluating the groundwater resource, the lower limit of the
“grey band” of groundwater level cannot be lower than controlled level of groundwater. 相似文献
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Abandoned underground mines (AUM) have caused dramatic environmental effects that are closely linked to regional sustainability. This paper explores the potential hydrological impact of AUM in the Monday Creek Watershed, a typically mined area in Appalachian region, using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT 2005) model and Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI‐2), calibrated at both the global and local scales. The locally calibrated model better incorporates those key parameters relevant to AUM for specific sub‐basins and hydrologic response units. Data from the years 2003–2004 were used for calibration and 2005–2006 for validation. The results were quite satisfactory; both the coefficient of determination (R2) and the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency statistic were over 0.80. The potential influences of AUM were assessed by modelling an alternative scenario assuming no AUM for the period 2003–2009. Results show that the hydrological process of lateral subsurface flow plays a dominant role in linking AUM to overall watershed hydrology. The potential hydrological impact of AUM is an increased annual lateral flow of 82.1%, and a decrease in annual surface flow by 15%, leading to an increase of 16.9% in annual water yield for the Monday Creek Watershed. The seasonal fluctuation of water yield has a similar trend to lateral flow, decreasing from March to August and increasing from August to January. Higher volume, higher flow peaks and higher recession constants characterized the hydrograph of daily streamflow from AUM. The results indicate that more emphasis should be put on lateral flow for further study of acid mine drainage and flooding control in those watersheds with AUM. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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随着煤炭开采深度和强度的增大,冲击矿压已成为煤矿普遍的安全问题.具体针对煤矿冲击矿压的时空预测难题,进一步发展了微震多维信息的时空预测方法：首先,构建微震多维信息识别指标体系,包括优选的频次指标和新提出的震源集中程度、最大应力和总应力当量指标;其次,基于归一化方法、异常分级判别准则和时空统计滑移模型,分别获得各指标的时序曲线和空间云图;然后,采用R值评分法评估和检验各指标的预测效能,并依此赋予各指标权重;最后,应用综合异常指数方法,实时定量分析监测区域的冲击险状态、具体危险区域及等级.预测实例表明,该方法综合考虑了微震时、空、强要素,预测效能较高,并能从时序上定量描述监测区域的冲击危险状态,空间上定量反映监测时段内的冲击危险区域及等级,现场中指导实施防冲措施,在一定程度上解决了现场防冲措施实施的盲目性,从而进一步发展了煤矿冲击矿压的时空监测预报方法. 相似文献
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Navid Hosseini 《Journal of Seismology》2017,21(5):1101-1110
Rockburst is a typical dynamic disaster in underground coal mines which its occurrences relate to the mechanical quality of coal seam and surrounding rock mass and also the condition of stress distribution. The main aim of this paper is to study the potential of rockburst in a longwall coal mine by using of passive seismic velocity tomography and image subtraction technique. For this purpose, first by mounting an array of receivers on the surface above the active panel, the mining-induced seismic data as a passive source for several continuous days were recorded. Then, the three-dimensional tomograms using simultaneous iteration reconstruction technique (SIRT) for each day are created and by employing the velocity filtering, the overstressed zones are detected. In addition, the two-dimensional seismic velocity tomograms in coal seam level by slicing the three-dimensional tomograms are obtained. Then the state of stress changes in successive days by applying the image subtraction technique on these two-dimensional tomograms is considered. The results show that the compilation of filtered three-dimensional tomograms and subtracted images is an appropriate approach for detecting the overstressed zones around the panel and subsequent evaluation of rockburst potential. The research conclusion proves that the applied approach in this study in combination with field observations of rock mass status can effectively identify the rockburst-prone areas during the mining operation and help to improve the safety condition. 相似文献
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在对山西大同市区3个主要地貌单元共72个钻孔的剪切波速资料分析整理的基础上,利用指数形式的剪切波速与深度经验公式,对测点较多的粉质黏土、粉土、粗砂三类土层的剪切波速Vs与土层深度H的关系进行统计回归,并将实测剪切波速值与利用上述统计结果得到的预测值进行对比检验,结果表明,分地貌单元各类土层的Vs-H经验关系是可靠的,符合当地岩土特征,可用于对该地区地层剪切波速进行推测。 相似文献
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The prevailing purpose of geoelectrical exploration is the location of acquifers, as resistivity is strongly sensitive to the presence of water. Through this method valuable information on the structure and volume of storage rocks may be acquired. However, the evaluation of saturation and porosity, which plays a strong role in the estimation of hydraulic parameters, is hitherto affected by a large uncertainty. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out expensive and often numerous drillings, in addition to the calibration ones. In this paper we argue how the uncertainty can be substantially reduced by carrying out a joint seismic and geoelectrical prospection.to profitably utilize the results of a joint seismic and geoelectrical survey, a model is proposed in which the geophysical characteristics of all the phases possibly present in underground rocks, i.e., matrix, clay, water and air (whose percentages give porosity and saturation degree of an acquifer) are taken into account. The four phases are considered contiguous, in parallel as regards the electrical conductivity and in series as regards the propagation of elastic waves. On the basis of the formulas related to the model, theoretical curves for porosity, degree of saturation and percentage of clay have been obtained, which enable us to calculate these parameters.As a test of the suggested methodology, porosity and saturation have been evaluated in an area of the Campi Flegrei Caldera (Napoli) of which porosity data were available after core drillings. The test was performed by practising a joint electrical and seismic prospection using the more customary and less expensive techniques of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Seismic Refraction. Our data permit us to produce porosity and saturation maps for two depths; the comparison between the porosity, derived from the maps in the points where core drillings have been made, and the porosity values found on the cores, shows a good agreement for the more superficial layer; for the greater depth, we derived lower values of porosity, probably due to difficulties of laboratory reproduction of thein situ condition of the cores. These results suggest that our model has value in water research. 相似文献