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关于波浪作用下粉土质海床中共振现象的解释 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文详细讨论了粉土质床在波浪作用下所呈现共振现象的力学机制。利用有限深海床下波浪载荷对土层响应的研究,系统地比较了理论计算结果和实验结果。提出在波浪作用下粉土质土层中存在着一硬土层,从而引发Ｂｒａｇｇ共振。 相似文献
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浪作用下海洋底床动态响应的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
有关波浪作用下的底床动态响应越来越引起人们的重视。本文从海洋土的特点出发,针对各向同性底床和各向异性底床,详细论述了在线性波加载下,波浪衰减和底床动态响应这两方面的研究现状,在分析和比较已有研究成果的基础上,对今后的研究方向提出了自己的看法。 相似文献
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波浪和海底底床的相互作用(2)--底床应力及位移分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
系统分析了波浪作用下海底底床中的应力及位移分布，考虑了不同加载波参数、弹性模量、饱和度及底床厚度对底床应力分布的影响,并计算了不同砂质的土骨架水平位移和垂向位移，比较了饱和底床和非饱和底床，这些结果可应用于海洋结构物的市场。 相似文献
4.
波浪作用对单柱式桥墩地震反应特性的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以ABAQUS有限元软件为计算平台,建立了考虑波浪作用影响的单柱式桥墩-桩-土体系非线性地震反应分析二维有限元模型,土体以四节点实体单元离散,采用土体粘塑性记忆型嵌套面本构模型描述土的动力特性;桥墩以及桩以两节点梁单元离散,采用动塑性损伤模型描述混凝土的动力特性;根据Stokes五阶波浪理论,将基于Morison公式计算所得的波浪力以分布力的形式施加于桥墩之上,比较了静水条件下和考虑波浪作用时不同地震动激励下单柱式桥墩结构的地震反应特性,结果表明:波浪作用的影响使桥墩墩身相对墩底的位移反应、桥墩墩底的剪力和弯矩反应有较明显的增大,但对桥墩墩身加速度反应的影响可忽略不计,波浪作用影响的大小与输入地震动特性有关.在单柱式桥墩的抗震设计中考虑波浪作用的影响是必要的。 相似文献
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基于大型有限元软件ABAQUS中的荷载模块,添加一阶波浪力载荷模式,并结合强度折减技术,实现波浪力作用下海底斜坡稳定性与失稳机制的弹塑性有限元数值分析。引入典型算例,利用先前提出的波浪荷载下海底斜坡稳定性的极限分析上限方法开展数值解的对比验证;在此基础上,通过深入地变动参数比较分析,探讨不同波长、波高和水深等波浪参数对计算结果的影响以及波浪力影响下海底斜坡潜在滑动面的变化规律,获得波浪荷载下海底斜坡失稳滑动机制的初步认识。 相似文献
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基于海洋Ekman层流速剖面结构受波浪影响的3点观测事实,研究了波浪对Ekman层的机械能输入,在常涡粘系数的假定下得到了波浪对Ekman层能量输入的解析表达式．研究结果表明,海洋Ekman层的机械能输入包括两部分：一是风应力对Ekman层的直接能量输入,其受波浪的影响：二是波浪对Ekman层的能量输入,其与风应力、波浪参数和波向与风应力的相对方向有关．估计了波浪对Ekman层能量输入的大小,结果显示,在中高风速和中高纬度条件下,波浪对Ekman层的能量输入与不考虑波浪影响的Ekman层风能输入相比较可达10％以上,在绕极流区可达20％以上;在波浪方向与风应力方向不一致时波浪的能量输入更为显著．给出了波浪对非定常Ekman层能量输入的计算公式．研究结果在研究海浪的大尺度效应方面有启示意义． 相似文献
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孔隙海床在波浪荷载作用下其有效应力减小、孔隙水压力增加,这将影响孔隙海床中隧道的稳定性,因此,研究在波浪荷载作用下孔隙海床与隧道的动力响应具有重要的工程意义。本文基于Biot的动力固结理论和弹性动力学理论建立波浪荷载作用下孔隙海床与海底隧道的动力分析模型,并同时考虑海底隧道与海床之间的接触效应、边界效应等对海底隧道内力的影响。最后通过变换海床的变形模量、渗透系数和海底隧道的半径、埋深等,观察其对海床土孔隙水压力和海底隧道内力的影响,为海底隧道的设计提供依据。 相似文献
10.
太湖波浪数值模拟 总被引：8，自引：7，他引：1
在太湖实际波浪观测的基础上,采用率定验证后的第三代动谱平衡方程,考虑实际水底地形、波浪折射、浅化、反射、破碎、湖流等条件下,对太湖波浪进行数值模拟,研究太湖波浪的主要影响因素.结果表明:SWAN模型可以较好地模拟风作用下太湖风浪的生成和传播过程,模型在太湖应用是合适的;波高、波长、波周期等波浪参数在太湖的分布与风速、风向、水深等因素密切相关;在相同风向、不同风速情况下,太湖波浪发展至稳定状态的时间不一样;在不同风向,相同风速持续作用下,有效波高达到稳定的时间差不多,变化趋势也比较相同.说明波浪的发展不光取决于风速的大小,还同风的持续吹的时间和风区长度有关. 相似文献
11.
M. H. SAFAR 《Geophysical Prospecting》1976,24(4):756-772
A theoretical model is developed for predicting three important parameters of the pressure pulse radiated by an air-gun, namely the rise time, the amplitude of the initial pulse, and the period of the bubble pulse. A knowledge of these three parameters is essential for the efficient design of air-guns arrays. The prediction of the amplitude of the initial pulse is based on the assumption that the initial pulse is radiated by a spherical source with surface area equal to that of the air-gun ports and not by a spherical source with initial volume equal to that of the air-gun chamber, as has been assumed previously. A simple equation is obtained for predicting the period of the bubble pulsation, taking into account the effect of the air-gun body, boundaries such as the sea-surface and seabed and the presence of a number of identical air-guns placed at the same depth and fired simultaneously. 相似文献
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ZHANG Wanshun Wuhan University of Hydraulic Electric Engineering Wuhan China LI Yitian Wuhan University of Hydraulic Electric Engineering Wuhan China FANG Duo Sichuan Union University Chengdu China 《国际泥沙研究》1997,(3)
LINTRODUCTIONSoftmudhaVebeenfoundinmanycoasts,rivers,andeStheriesallovertheworld.ThemutUaleffectSofpropagatingwavesandsoftmudseedbedshavebeendiscussedbymostinveshgatorsbasedonlinearwavetheory.Buttheinteractionbetweenwaterwaveandsoftmudisnonlinear.OneaPProachisthePe~ationmethod,usedbyPeregrine(1967).AlternativeformofBoussunesqeqUationsisderiVedbyusingthevelocityatanarbitrarydistancefromthestillwaterlevelasthevelocityvariableinsteadofthecommonlyuseddepth-averagedvelocitybyNWogU(1993).… 相似文献
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本文基于Biot动力固结理论和弹性动力学理论,考虑海床（土壤）的两相性、黏弹性人工边界及流（水）-固耦合作用,建立了隧道-土-流体相互作用的力学模型,讨论了P波作用下有无水的情况以及水深、水域隧道埋深、海床土性质和地震波入射角等因素对隧道及其周围海床应力的影响。结果表明:隧道周围海床土的孔隙水压力和隧道内应力随着水深的增加而增加;地震波特性和海床土特性对隧道的内应力和海床土的孔隙水压力均有较大的影响;海床土的渗透性和隧道埋深对隧道的内应力影响较小,而对隧道周围海床土的孔隙水压力影响较大;地震动的入射角对隧道的内应力和隧道附近土层的孔隙水压力均有较大影响。 相似文献
14.
Finite element modelling for water waves-soil interaction 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The soil permeability and shear modulus of many marine sediments vary with depth because of consolidation under overburden pressure. However, conventional theories for wave-induced soil response have assumed a homogeneous porous seabed, with constant soil permeability and shear modulus. This paper presents a finite element model for the wave-induced soil response in a porous seabed, with variable permeability and shear modulus as a function of burial depth. The soil matrix considered here is unsaturated and hydraulically anisotropic, and subjected to a three-dimensional short-crested wave system. The present finite element formulation is established by using a combination of semi-analytical techniques and the Galerkin method. The nodal effective stresses directly derived from the governing equations can be calculated accurately in the present model. Verification is available through the reduction to the simple case of homogeneous seabed. Three typical marine materials, course, fine sand and gravel, are considered in this study. The numerical results indicate that the soil permeability affects the wave-induced seabed response significantly especially for gravelled seabed, as does the soil shear modulus for sandy seabed. 相似文献
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S. N. DOMENICO 《Geophysical Prospecting》1979,27(3):539-563
Inferior reflection quality in the Gulf of Suez at the target depth interval is attributable in part to surficial multiple reflections. An excellent example of the latter is observed on a typical seismic line in the northern portion of the Gulf. An increase in prominence of the multiple reflections appears associated with decreasing depth to a dipping highvelocity layer. Inversion of a second-order polynomial time-distance function, fitted to the observed refraction onset time-distance values, gives the velocity-depth function for sediments between the water bottom and a high-velocity layer. Velocities thus determined increase non-linearly with depth from a value near water velocity at the water bottom. Depths to the high-velocity layer are obtained from the associated head-wave linear time-distance function and by ray tracing in the overlying sediments. As the high-velocity layer approaches the water bottom from sub-water depths exceeding 0.6 km to a depth of 56 m, intensity of the multiple reflections increases to the extent of completely dominating individual records to a time of at least 3 s. The estimated plane-wave normal-incident reflection coefficient at the top of the high-velocity layer increases with decreasing depth to this layer, approaching 0.5 at the shallowest depth. This strong reflection coefficient further substantiates the existence of multiple reflections between the high-velocity layer and water layer. However, existence of water-layer multiples cannot be ruled out. The estimated water-bottom reflection coefficient is approximately 0.3, a substantial value. Multiple reflections of considerably less intensity are apparent where the high-velocity layer is deepest, and it is likely that such are waterlayer multiple reflections. Unfortunately, water-layer multiple reflections and multiple reflections between the water surface and high-velocity layer cannot be separated by their coincidence with time-distance (normal moveout) curves, the configuration of each visibly matching the curves equally well. 相似文献
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J. D. LASKI 《Geophysical Prospecting》1978,26(1):48-81
A method to compute the parameters of a multilayered medium with dipping interfaces is described. The input data are time-distance curves of diving waves. The output data are the thickness of the layers, dips, and parameters characterizing the increase of velocity with depth. Three examples are presented. 相似文献
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地下核爆炸Lg波的激发机制, 目前尚未十分清楚. 普遍接受的观点是: 伴随层裂源的补偿线性矢量偶极源激发的Rg波的散射形成的S波, 是Lg波的最主要贡献因素. 本文利用频谱比对方法, 结合合成理论地震图方法, 基于东哈萨克斯坦地区速度模型, 分析了东哈萨克斯坦地壳速度模型下的层裂对区域震相Lg波的影响, 并进一步分析了该地区的实际观测资料. 结果表明, 层裂时间函数对Lg波具有扇贝形调制作用; Lg波振幅谱的低谷点源自于补偿线性矢量偶极（CLVD）源激发的Rg波. 这一结果也表明, 东哈萨克斯坦速度模型下的Lg波受层裂的调制作用, 与内华达试验区的Lg波是一样的, 进一步支持了Patton和Taylor的观点, 对于进一步理解及更好地利用Lg波具有重要理论指导意义. 相似文献
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J. FERTIG 《Geophysical Prospecting》1984,32(1):1-17
The most common source of seismic energy is an explosion at some depth in a borehole. The radiated waves are reflected not only at the subsurface layers but also at the free surface. The earth's surface acts as a generator of both P- and S-waves. If the source depth is much less than the dominant wavelength the reflected waves resemble closely the waves generated by a single force. Theoretical seismograms were computed with different methods to look for the relevance of the surface-reflected waves. The numerical experiments show reflected shear waves even for small shotpoint—receiver distances. Due to their polarization these waves can be detected most easily on in-line horizontal geophones. The existence of these waves was examined during a conventional survey in Northern Germany. Conventional data analysis shows a large variability in the νp/νs ratio. The method used here produced a shear-wave section with a rather good signal-to-noise ratio down to 4 s S-wave reflection time. 相似文献
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Results of studies carried out with the help of a three-dimensional seismic model on waves diffracted from edges of varying radius of curvature R and depth h with respect to wave length λ are described. The amplitude decay, travel time, and apparent velocity of the wave diffracted from a sub-surface edge of semi-infinite length are found to depend on the parameters R, h, and distance from the edge on the surface provided the ratio of the parameters to λ are less than some limiting values. The nature of the amplitude decay is independent of R when the depth exceeds 2λ, and independent of h when R exceeds 1.5λ. When these are below the limiting values (h= 2λ and R= 1.5λ), the nature of the decay depends appreciably on R and h. The apparent decay in amplitude on the surface due to geometrical spreading by the diffracting edge is less than that of a cylindrical secondary wave source and decreases with increase in depth of the edge. The nature of the travel time curves of the diffracted waves near the edge depend on R/λ when the depth is within about one λ. Apparent velocity of the wave depends largely on R/λ in the zone of diffraction up to a distance of about one λ from the edge on the surface. Beyond this distance the velocity is almost the same irrespective of R/λ and depend only on h/λ. The width of the zone of diffraction caused by an edge of finite length comparable to λ is more and more narrow as the ratio of the distance of the edge on the surface to its depth increases. 相似文献
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Liquefaction of seabed under seismic loading is one of the main points that govern the overall stability of submarine pipeline. However, most previous investigations concerned only with free seabed and searched for seismic accumulative excess pore pressure by solving Terzaghi's consolidation equation containing pore pressure source term. It is not able to introduce two-dimensional structures such as submarine pipelines in one-dimensional problem, and it is also not able to obtain the distribution of seismic accumulative excess pore pressure in seabed around submarine pipelines by such a way. In this study, a FEM numerical analysis method for determining the liquefaction of sandy seabed around a buried pipeline under seismic loading is presented. The empirical mode of dynamic increase of pore pressure under undrained shearing induced by seismic loading is incorporated with two-dimensional dynamic consolidation equation and a numerical procedure based on FEM is developed to assess the accumulative excess pore pressure. By numerical computations, the accumulative process of pore pressure and liquefaction potential of seabed soil during seismic loading is evaluated. From a series of numerical computations based on the presented model with various parameters, the effects of soil characteristic parameters and pipeline geometry on seismic accumulative excess pore pressure around submarine pipeline and along the depth of seabed are explored in detail. 相似文献