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1.
北斗区域卫星导航系统基本导航定位性能初步评估 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
北斗区域卫星导航系统(也称北斗2代1期)于2012年12月27日正式开始运行,系统由14颗卫星组成,包括5颗地球静止轨道卫星、5颗倾斜地球同步轨道卫星和4颗中圆地球轨道卫星.本文初步评估了北斗区域卫星导航系统建成运行后的基本导航定位性能,包括卫星可见性、位置精度衰减因子、伪距和载波相位观测量精度、单点定位和差分定位精度以及模糊度解算性能等.通过实验分析可知:北斗伪距和载波相位测量精度已与GPS处在同一水平,伪距测量精度约为33 cm,载波测量精度约为2 mm;北斗伪距单点定位水平精度优于6 m,高程精度优于10 m,已满足设计要求;北斗区域卫星导航系统已具备独立的双频RTK定位能力,其单历元双频模糊度解算成功率几乎与GPS相当;北斗载波相位差分定位精度与GPS相位差分定位处在同一水平,超短基线情况下,定位精度优于1 cm,而在短基线情况下优于3 cm;北斗与GPS组合定位时,模糊度解算的固定率和可靠性均显著提高;在短基线情况下,北斗/GPS组合载波相位差分动态定位精度相对于单一的GPS定位的改善可达20%以上;北斗单频伪距差分定位精度优于2.5 m,与GPS相比仍存在较大差距,其主要原因可能为北斗GEO卫星伪距多路径误差较大. 相似文献
2.
PPP-RTK是一种可实现快速模糊度固定的精密单点定位(PPP)技术，它的组成包括由多个接收机构成的网端用于生成各类精密改正产品，以及单站构成的用户端以实现快速高精度定位.当网端是中等尺度参考网，即参考站之间的站间距在百余公里，有必要引入电离层加权模型，其优势在于能够增强PPP-RTK函数模型.此外，从非差非组合观测值层面出发，其能够兼容单/双频用户.然而，单凭卫星导航定位技术很难在复杂环境下提供连续导航定位服务.本文从理论到应用，基于非差非组合电离层加权PPP-RTK模型，构建了单/双频PPP-RTK/INS紧组合模型.在距离最近参考站约70 km的区域进行了两次车载实验，并分别利用单/双频PPP-RTK以及PPP-RTK/INS紧组合模型的实时处理结果进行分析.结果表明，双频PPP-RTK/INS紧组合在半城市环境能从分米级定位提升至厘米级定位，重收敛时间从11 s提升至3.6 s.以水平偏差小于0.2 m评估定位可用率，双频PPP-RTK/INS紧组合模型在半城市环境和复杂城市环境中分别可实现100%和96.97%.考虑车道级定位，单频PPP-RTK/INS紧组合模型在半城市和复... 相似文献
3.
随着北斗卫星导航系统组网成功,分析北斗系统的定位性能及在区域参考框架维持中的应用具有重要意义.本文以陕西和西部某区域北斗基准站为基础,从卫星数据质量、覆盖能力、网解模式和PPP解模式分析了北斗三号卫星定位性能及在区域高精度参考框架维持的可行性与可靠性.结果表明:BDS-3卫星的位置精度衰减因子(PDOP)优于BDS-2卫星;BDS-3和BDS-2卫星在网解和PPP解的BDS-3定位性能优于BDS-2,网解BDS-3较BDS-2在平面与高程方向精度分别提升2.4％、20.1％;BDS-3 PPP收敛速度优于BDS-2,提高了快速定位的精度;基于BDS-3构建的毫米级高精度区域参考框架的可靠性与GPS在同一水平,平面差异量优于3 mm,垂直差异量级优于7 mm;基于BDS的PPP解平面方向平均差异优于9 mm,垂直方向平均差异优于18 mm,可快速识别区域基准站的变化量进行区域参考框架维护;融合BDS-3维持区域参考框架,可提升区域参考框架维持的可靠性. 相似文献
4.
正北斗系统是中国自主建设、独立运行,与世界其他卫星导航系统兼容共用的全球卫星导航系统,可在全球范围,全天候、全天时,为各类用户提供高精度、高可靠的定位、导航、授时服务。中国卫星导航系统管理办公室主任、北斗卫星导航系统新闻发言人冉承其不久前在北京宣布,北斗三号基本系统已完成建设,开始提供全球服务。这标志着北斗系统服务范围由区域扩展为全球,北斗系统正式迈入全球时代。 相似文献
5.
全球范围内大量布设的GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System)参考网为精密定位、导航和授时等应用提供了丰富的数据资源.基于局域参考网,先后发展了若干侧重实现双频精密定位的技术,如NRTK(Network Real Time Kinematic),PPP(Precise Point Positioning)和PPP-RTK等.其中,PPP-RTK融合了NRTK和PPP的技术优势,是目前相关研究的热点.本文改进了利用局域参考网提取各类改正信息的算法,以便于实现单频PPP-RTK,具体步骤包括:1)逐参考站实施非组合PPP,并固定已知站星距和卫星钟差,预估电离层延迟、浮点模糊度等参数;2)联合所有参考站的PPP模糊度预估值,通过重新参数化,形成一组双差整周模糊度和接收机、卫星相位偏差;3)固定双差整周模糊度,精化求解卫星相位偏差和各参考站PPP电离层延迟.基于网解中用到的卫星轨道和钟差,以及网解所提供的卫星相位偏差和(内插的)电离层延迟,参考网内的单频流动站即可实施PPP-RTK.基于澳大利亚某连续运行参考站网和流动站的实测数据,考察了:1)参考网数据处理中,双差模糊度的固定成功率(98.89%)和卫星相位偏差估值的时间稳定性(各连续弧段优于0.2周);2)流动站处电离层延迟的内插精度(优于10cm);3)单天内任一历元起算,固定静态(动态)单频PPP整周模糊度所需时长(均不超过10min);4)模糊度固定前后,单频动态PPP的定位精度(模糊度固定后,平面和天顶RMS分别优于5cm和10cm;模糊度固定前,相应RMS仅为28~53cm). 相似文献
6.
针对当前被困人员手机信号定位所采用的方法中手机信号定位距离存在局限性，且信号来源方向的确定受信号传播损耗变化影响较大的问题，提出基于卫星导航的震后被困人员手机信号定位分析方法。从地震的突发性、破坏性、社会影响和防御难度四个方面分析地震的特点，设计便携式移动台，通过GPS单差模型提取手机残差信号，计算各移动台在指定区域中的手机信号平均残差，获取各个区域手机信号的均方根，将均方差代入所有地震事件的双差方程进行联立，求解手机信号强度，通过AOA测量方法实现了卫星导航定位手机信号的分析。通过模拟在地震废墟中测试手机接收信号强度指示值（RSSI）与手机信号发射强度，对采集的数据进行分析以验证该系统在大范围地震废墟中的搜寻能力。实验结果证明，提出该方法系统可以对大范围的手机进行搜寻定位，信号来源方向较为稳定。 相似文献
7.
《地震地磁观测与研究》2016,(5)
中国正在实施的北斗卫星导航系统,已经覆盖亚太地区,可以为用户提供高质量的定位、导航和授时服务。本文介绍如何在地震数据采集器中引入北斗授时,并对比分析使用北斗授时和GPS授时的地震数据采集器的数据时间精度,结果发现,绝对精度均优于1 ms,可以利用该授时系统来提高地震观测台站时间服务的可靠性。 相似文献
8.
对流层延迟是GNSS导航定位主要误差源之一,主要受气象参数(如总气压、温度和水汽压等)的影响,具有变化随机性强的特点.本文利用 GGOS Atmosphere提供的2002-2009年全球天顶对流层延迟格网时间序列研究了全球对流层天顶延迟的时空变化特征.并以此为基础对全球天顶对流层延迟(Zenith Troposphere Delay, ZTD)进行建模,提出了一种基于球谐函数的全球非气象参数对流层天顶延迟改正模型--GZTD模型.实验对比结果表明考虑ZTD经纬向变化的GZTD模型内符合精度全球统计结果(bias:0.2 cm,RMS:3.7 cm)优于只考虑ZTD纬向变化的UNB3m (bias:3.4 cm,RMS:6.0 cm)、UNB4 (bias:4.7 cm,RMS:7.4 cm)、UNB3 (bias:4.0 cm,RMS:7.0 cm)和EGNOS (bias:4.5 cm,RMS:6.9 cm)等模型.使用全球385个IGS站进行外符合检验,统计结果表明GZTD模型(bias:-0.02 cm,RMS:4.24 cm)同样优于其它模型.GZTD模型具有改正效果良好、使用简单、所需参数少等优点. 相似文献
9.
全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）给定位、导航和授时服务带来了革命性变化，同时其L波段（1160～1610MHz）微波信号可用于全球覆盖、高时间分辨率的大气、海洋和陆表参数遥感探测。基于信号类型，GNSS遥感可分为折射信号遥感和反射信号遥感两大类；基于探测平台，GNSS遥感可分为地基GNSS遥感、空基GNSS遥感和天基GNSS遥感三大类。随着我国自主建设的北斗卫星导航系统全面建成，GNSS遥感将迎来新的发展机遇和挑战。本文回顾近20年地基GNSS遥感探测在气象领域的应用进展，展望其在气象领域下一步可能的应用。 相似文献
10.
COMPASS与其他GNSS组合导航完好性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GNSS用于民用航空导航必须满足完好性要求,而完好性监测主要通过接收机自主完好性监测和基于增强系统的GNSS完好性通道两种手段实现．北斗卫星导航系统（COMPASS）的快速发展将显著改善卫星几何观测结构,此外,GNSS多频信号可以消除一阶电离层延迟的影响,从而改善RAIM的可用性,使得利用RAIM提供全球范围内无缝的航空进近的完好性服务成为可能．利用仿真数据分析了COMPASS对RAIM可用性的贡献;分析了COMPASS单系统及与其他卫星导航系统组合用于民用航空导航时,利用RAIM能够满足航空进近哪些阶段的完好性需求;探讨了COMPASS用户测距精度对其完好性性能的影响． 相似文献
11.
Preliminary assessment of the navigation and positioning performance of BeiDou regional navigation satellite system 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
YANG YuanXi LI JinLong WANG AiBing XU JunYi HE HaiBo GUO HaiRong SHEN JunFei DAI Xian 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(1):144-152
BeiDou regional navigation satellite system(BDS)also called BeiDou-2 has been in full operation since December 27,2012.It consists of 14 satellites,including 5 satellites in Geostationary Orbit(GEO),5 satellites in Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit(IGSO),and 4 satellites in Medium Earth Orbit(MEO).In this paper,its basic navigation and positioning performance are evaluated preliminarily by the real data collected in Beijing,including satellite visibility,Position Dilution of Precision(PDOP)value,the precision of code and carrier phase measurements,the accuracy of single point positioning and differential positioning and ambiguity resolution(AR)performance,which are also compared with those of GPS.It is shown that the precision of BDS code and carrier phase measurements are about 33 cm and 2 mm,respectively,which are comparable to those of GPS,and the accuracy of BDS single point positioning has satisfied the design requirement.The real-time kinematic positioning is also feasible by BDS alone in the opening condition,since its fixed rate and reliability of single-epoch dual-frequency AR is comparable to those of GPS.The accuracy of BDS carrier phase differential positioning is better than 1 cm for a very short baseline of 4.2 m and 3 cm for a short baseline of 8.2 km,which is on the same level with that of GPS.For the combined BDS and GPS,the fixed rate and reliability of single-epoch AR and the positioning accuracy are improved significantly.The accuracy of BDS/GPS carrier phase differential positioning is about 35 and 20%better than that of GPS for two short baseline tests in this study.The accuracy of BDS code differential positioning is better than 2.5 m.However it is worse than that of GPS,which may result from large code multipath errors of BDS GEO satellite measurements. 相似文献
12.
In this paper, we derived a high-efficiency formula for calculating the precision of carrier phase relative positioning,analyzed the various factors that affect the positioning accuracy using the carrier phase, and proposed the concept of using a frequency dilution of precision to describe the quantitative effect of different frequency combinations on the positioning precision. To this end, we computed and plotted the global spatial distribution map of the relative positioning dilution of precision for single-day solution, half-hour solution, and single-epoch solution of the global positioning system(GPS), regional Beidou navigation satellite system(BDS2), future global Beidou navigation satellite system(BDS3), and their fusion systems.Using processing software with autonomous intellectual property rights(GCN and VENUS/ARSNet), we solved the measurement data and examined the positioning precision of the single-day solution and single-epoch solution of GPS and BDS2.The analysis demonstrated that the B1/B2 frequency positioning precision of BDS2 was better than that of L1/L2 frequency positioning of GPS, but the positioning precision of the BDS2 is worse than that of GPS over most of the service region of the BDS2. Further, the positioning precision of BDS3 is better than that of GPS in the Asia-Pacific region, while it is the opposite in other regions. Based on these conclusions, we put forth some optimization recommendations regarding the signal frequency of the navigation system and GPS measurement standards to serve as references for optimizing the system performance and formulating standards. 相似文献
13.
利用单频接收机实现大范围、高精度快速实时定位是卫星大地测量研究的热点和难点问题之一.本文提出了一套基于连续运行参考站系统(CORS)的误差实时建模数据处理方法,设计并实现了一种新的GPS单频接收机实时精密单点定位服务方法.然后,利用山西省CORS网内一组实测动态数据,以及从湖北省CORS网和武汉市CORS网选取的一组实测静态数据进行测试,验证分析了所提出方法用于实时定位服务的可行性.结果表明:对于站间平均距离小于71 km的参考网,网内单频用户按照实时处理模式,在经过数秒钟的初始化后即可获得厘米级的动态精密单点定位结果.这为GPS单频接收机用户实现快速实时精密单点定位提供了一种可行的新方法. 相似文献
14.
Tropospheric delay acts as a systematic error source in the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) positioning. Empirical models UNB3, UNB3m, UNB4 and EGNOS have been developed for use in Satellite-Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS). Model performance, however, is limited due to the low spatial resolution of the look-up tables for meteorological parameters. A new design has been established in this study for improving performance of the tropospheric delay model by more effectively eliminating the error produced by tropospheric delay. The spatiotemporal characteristics of the Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD) were analyzed with findings that ZTD exhibits different annual variations at different locations and decreases exponentially with height increasing. Spherical harmonics are utilized based on the findings to fit the annual mean and amplitude of the ZTD on a global scale and the exponential function is utilized for height corrections, yielding the ZTrop model. On a global scale, the ZTrop features an average deviation of -1.0 cm and Root Mean Square (RMS) of 4.7 cm compared with the International GNSS Service (IGS) ZTD products, an average deviation of 0.0 cm and RMS of 4.5 cm compared with the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) ZTD data, and an average deviation of -1.3 cm and RMS of 5.2 cm compared with the ZTD data from the Constellation Observing System of Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC). The RMS of the ZTrop model is 14.5% smaller than that of UNB3, 6.0% smaller than that of UNB3m, 16% smaller than that of UNB4, 14.5% smaller than that of EGNOS and equivalent to the sophisticated GPT2+Saas model in comparison with the IGS ZTD products. The ZTrop, UNB3m and GPT2+Saas models are finally evaluated in GPS-based Precise Point Positioning (PPP), as the models act to aid in obtaining PPP position error less than 1.5 cm in north and east components and relative large error (>5 cm) in up component with respect to the random walk approach. 相似文献
15.
T. O. Myslivtsev S. V. Nikiforov A. I. Pogoreltsev P. V. Savochkin I. V. Sakhno A. A. Semenov B. V. Troitsky 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2016,56(4):457-463
The existent satellite system for radio occultation monitoring the Earth’s neutral atmosphere and ionosphere (COSMIC) provides data to consumers in the regions with limited possibilities of constructing dense measurement networks (e.g., in the World Ocean area). A forthcoming increase of LEO small spacecrafts and the deployment of new satellite radio navigation systems will result in a pronounced increase in the efficiency of radio occultation method and its space resolution. As a result, the Space-Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) broadband differential system will become global, or the quality of corrections delivered to single-frequency consumers of individual systems, e.g., the Augmentation and Monitoring System, will be improved. Therefore, the methods for processing and analyzing obtained radio occultation data should be improved. A simple method to reconstruct the electron density profile at radio occultation points, based on the total electron content measurement on the satellite–satellite path and the IRI-type ionospheric model has been proposed. The method needs initial information, it does not require refraction measurements, and it is free of the assumption that the ionosphere is spherically stratified in the occultation region. Verification of the proposed method based on data for 121 radio occultation cases across Europe in May 2013 demonstrated good agreement with the vertical sounding data. 相似文献
16.
为分析北斗导航定位系统（BDS）在地壳运动监测领域的数据精度,选取中国大陆构造环境监测网络（陆态网络）2018—2019年川滇地区GPS、BDS多系统观测站点数据,分别对GPS、BDS记录的数据进行解算,从三维坐标解、位置时间序列及速度场等方面,对比分析二者在地壳运动监测中的不同,综合分析BDS对地壳运动监测精度。结果表明,BDS定位精度达到cm级,但仍低于GPS精度,BDS、GPS速度场模型运动方位和速度值有所不同,垂向差异较为明显。总体来看,北斗系统数据满足高精度定位解算要求,可用于监测形变量较大的区域地壳运动。 相似文献
17.
在GPS非组合精密单点定位(PPP)模型的基础上,针对BDS和GLONASS系统各自的特点,分别提出了适用于BDS和GLONASS系统的非组合PPP模型,并在此基础上构建了BDS/GLONASS联合处理的函数模型.新模型中考虑了BDS系统GEO卫星伪距长周期多路径效应引起的系统性偏差(BDS GEO Multipath Bias,BGMB),将其作为参数进行估计;另外,新模型中还考虑了GLONASS系统伪距频间偏差(inter-frequency-biase,IFB),将其参数化为卫星频率号的线性函数,并通过参数重组得到了满秩的函数模型和可估参数的形式.选取了2015年年积日200~230共一个月的11个MGEX跟踪站数据来验证新模型与算法的正确性和有效性,结果表明:将BDS系统伪距BGMB当作参数估计能够显著提高BDS单系统非组合PPP的收敛速度,并能减小伪距残差;通过线性函数来模型化GLONASS伪距IFB能够显著提高GLONASS单系统PPP的收敛速度,并能在一定程度上减小伪距残差;1个月BDS/GLONASS非组合PPP定位误差RMS在北、东、高三个方向分别为6.9 mm、9.1 mm和19.3 mm,表明提出的BDS/GLONASS非组合PPP模型与算法具有良好的定位性能. 相似文献
18.
Antonio Angrisano Salvatore Gaglione Ciro Gioia Marco Massaro Umberto Robustelli 《Acta Geophysica》2013,61(6):1457-1476
The ionosphere is the main error source in GNSS measurements and in extreme cases can degrade the positioning significantly, with errors exceeding 100 m; therefore, modelling and predicting of this type of error is crucial and critical. The ionospheric effect can be reduced using different techniques, such as dual-frequency receiver or suitable augmentation system (DGPS, SBAS); the aforesaid approaches involve the use of expensive devices and/or complex architectures. Single frequency stand-alone receivers are the cheapest and most widespread GNSS devices; they can estimate and partially correct the error due to the ionosphere, through adequate algorithms, which use parameters broadcasted by the navigation message. The aim of this paper is performance assessment of the ionospheric model NeQuick, adopted by the European GNSS Galileo for single frequency receivers. The analysis is performed in measurements domain and the data are collected in different geographical locations and in various geomagnetic conditions. 相似文献
19.
This work intends to determine if low-cost surveying techniques based on recreational echosounders can be used to perform nearshore bathymetry for analysing evolution of coastal sectors. For that purpose, two hydrographic surveying techniques were compared, i.e. (1) a real-time kinematic differential global positioning system (RTK-DGPS) synchronised with a single beam echosounder with real-time tidal elevation correction and (2) a low-cost recreational echosounder-chartplotter system using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) with real-time European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) augmentation services and depth values post-processed using measured sea level. Two bathymetric data sets were obtained, one by each method, for the same area and survey lines at an ebb tidal delta (Tavira Inlet, Ria Formosa Portugal). Vertical differences were determined assuming no morphological variations between surveys. Results showed that depth elevation differences between bathymetric surfaces were of 0.10?±?0.16 m, slightly higher but within the same order of the error attributable to the used interpolator (0.00?±?0.11 m, triangular surface fitting). The differences between surveys performed with two different equipment sets and using different methodologies for correcting water elevations are very small both quantitative and qualitatively. Those differences can be diminished by improving the tidal level correction and uncertainties associated to different tidal slopes throughout the survey area. Pitch/roll corrections performed with low-cost GPS receivers would be also a valuable addition to the accuracy and precision of the method. It is then concluded that navigation with EGNOS augmentation services and sounding devices ten times cheaper than combined RTK-DGPS with single beam echosounders allow to measure and monitor accurately the nearshore bathymetry. 相似文献