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1.
以河北省昌黎地震台为例,使用该台地磁Z分量的分钟值数据,分别对比了正常时段、磁暴发生时段、 低点位移时段的主要频率谱值变化特征. 通过多频点功率谱对数拟合,发现在数据长度相等的情况下,相对于正常时段而言磁暴时段各频率的能量明显增强,特别是高频端尤其明显; 而当大范围低点位移发生时,高频端的能量基本与正常时段持平,但4个小时以上的周期功率谱大部分要低于正常段. 通过对多日低点位移时段的FFT累加与正常时段对比后发现,低点位移发生时,8.5小时和13.7小时周期的频谱值增加. 通过与DE-METER卫星观测的电子密度数据空间图象进行对比,发现地磁低点位移的发生与空间Ne的增加有很好的对应性. 最后对这些变化特征及低点位移可能产生的机制进行了探讨. 相似文献
2.
Variations in geomagnetic field data at different spectral frequencies and with different periods are observed during increased geomagnetic activity. The formed local structures depend on the field disturbance and contain information on the magnetic storm intensity and character of development. Numerical solutions and algorithms based on wavelet transforms, which make it possible to “automatically” detect periods of increased geomagnetic activity and identify and analyze the structures forming this process, have been proposed in order to study the time characteristics of geomagnetic field variations, using the H component as an example. The separated components, characterizing disturbances, make it possible to estimate variations in the field energy characteristics. An analysis of the constructed wavelet images makes it possible to trace the dynamics of variations in the H component the day before and during a magnetic storm. 相似文献
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以地磁秒数据为研究对象，通过离散Gabor变换将时域的地磁数据转换至二维时频面，提取Gabor变换谱图的均值和方差作为特征值，使用支持向量机实现地磁正常数据与磁暴干扰数据的自动分类识别。对5个地磁台的200组地磁秒数据进行计算分析，结果表明该方法对测试样本数据的识别率可达94%。 相似文献
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磁暴的发生与环电流的变化密切相关.除了对称环电流外，部分环电流在磁暴的发展过程中也起到了重要的作用，同时部分环电流通过场向电流与极区电离层中的电流形成回路.本文应用INTERMAGNET地磁台网北半球中低纬区域地磁台站数据，对不同强度4个磁暴事件主相和恢复相期间部分环电流和场向电流的磁地方时分布进行了分析和讨论.对于每一个磁暴事件，在低纬地区（地磁纬度约0°—40°N）选用地磁经度上大致均匀的8个台站，通过坐标转换计算平行于磁偶极轴的地磁场水平分量H来分析磁暴期间环电流所引起的磁场扰动；在低纬地区8个台站的基础上增加中纬地区（地磁纬度约40°N—60°N）地磁经度上大致均匀的6个台站，计算地磁坐标系下地磁场东西分量Y来分析磁暴期间场向电流在中低纬地区引起的磁场扰动.结果表明，磁暴主相期间的部分环电流主要作用于磁地方时昏侧和夜侧扇区，并且主相和恢复相期间部分环电流引起的磁场变化随着磁暴级别的增大而增大；磁暴主相期间向下的场向电流多出现在夜侧至晨侧扇区，向上的场向电流多出现在昏侧至午后扇区，且中纬地区向下和向上场向电流的展布范围明显大于低纬地区；恢复相期间弱、中磁暴事件的场向电流呈现与部分环电流相同的减弱趋势，而强、大磁暴事件在恢复相末期场向电流引起的磁场变化明显不同于恢复相的其他时刻，这可能与高纬较强的亚暴活动有关. 相似文献
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The present study revisits the Carrington’s storm using the observations of geomagnetic declination (D) made in the meteorological observatory of Guatemala approximately during the 2 years preceding the storm. The available monthly data for absolute values (diurnal variation) cover the period that spans between May (April) 1857 and December 1859. The analysis of the temporal evolution of monthly means confirmed its overall good quality. Additionally, highly relevant quasi-hourly declination data was analysed for the 2 stormy days of 28 August and 2 September 1859, including complementary information on the auroral sightings on those days. The quasi-hourly data shows that an extremely large deviation (18′) of the geomagnetic declination occurred at 12–13 h (UT) on the 2 September 1859. The comparison of this disturbance with the maximum hourly variations of D recorded at other low-latitude stations during more recent major geomagnetic storms shows the reliability of the Guatemala data. Furthermore, it provides an additional confirmation of the global scale of the great Carrington’s storm. 相似文献
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吴一凡 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(3):76-80
研究表明，同一区域地电暴记录与地磁场变化率在形态、幅度及周期成分上呈现出较强的相关性。采用磁暴期间电磁场观测数据，基于一维水平层状电性介质模型对地电暴波形进行拟合，反演地下介质电性结构。结果表明，地电暴拟合波形与观测记录一致性较好，利用反演确定的大地电性结构参数和其他磁暴事件，计算得到的理论感应地电场与观测结果相符合。 相似文献
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利用Morlet小波变换方法对北京宇宙线台站的地面宇宙线强度在地磁暴前后的变化特征进行分析,得到:1)在平静期,北京宇宙线数据存在准24h周期性的特征,且通过分析周期为12h的Morlet小波"模",发现值稳定,且小于0.6;2)以90天为时间窗口,对2004年7月地磁暴前后的小波频谱变化进行详细分析,发现当发生大地磁暴时,宇宙线的静日准24h周期被打破,其他周期的波动开始增强.进一步研究发现,周期12h的波动在大地磁暴数小时到1天左右会出现显著增强,这一现象在2001、2002和2004年期间的大地磁暴前得到验证.3)Morlet小波"模"数据的急速增大是发生地磁暴的先兆特征,当小波模变化达到一定的阈值就可能发生大磁暴.本文分析了周期为12h时小波的模数据,对强地磁暴事件进行统计,选定阈值0.6,并通过2003年的6次大地磁暴进行预报验证,结果表明该方法不仅能够对大地磁暴事件进行预报,而且提前量满足预报需求,为基于宇宙线实测数据预报地磁暴方法提供了重要基础. 相似文献
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《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2000,62(9):737-749
During an interaction of the Earth’s magnetosphere with the interplanetary magnetic cloud on October 18–19, 1995, a great magnetic storm took place. Extremely intense disturbances of the geomagnetic field and ionosphere were recorded at the midlatitude observatory at Irkutsk (Φ′≈45°, Λ′≈177°, L≈2) in the course of the storm. The most important storm features in the ionosphere and magnetic field are: a significant decrease in the geomagnetic field Z component during the storm main phase; unusually large amplitudes of geomagnetic pulsations in the Pi1 frequency band; extremely low values of critical frequencies of the ionospheric F2-layer; an appearance of intense Es-layers similar to auroral sporadic layers at the end of the recovery phase. These magnetic storm manifestations are typical for auroral and subauroral latitudes but are extremely rare in middle latitudes. We analyze the storm-time midlatitude phenomena and attempt to explore the magnetospheric storm processes using the data of ground observations of geomagnetic pulsations. It is concluded that the dominant mechanism responsible for the development of the October 18–19, 1995 storm is the quasi-stationary transport of plasma sheet particles up to L≈2 shells rather than multiple substorm injections of plasma clouds into the inner magnetosphere. 相似文献
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By analyzing the variations of global electron content (GEC) during geomagnetic storm events, the ratio “GEC/GECQT” is found to be closely correlated with geomagnetic Kp index and time weighted Dst index, where GECQT is the quiet time reference value. Moreover, the GEC/GECQT will decrease with the increase of the solar flux F10.7 index. Furthermore, we construct a linear model for storm-time response of GEC. Eighty-two storm events during 1999–2011 were utilized to calculate the model coefficients, and the performance of the model was tested using data of 8 storm events in 2012 by comparing the outputs of the model with the observed GEC values. Results suggest that the model can capture the characteristics of the GEC variation in response to magnetic storms. The component describing the solar activity influence shows a counteracting effect with the geomagnetic activity component; and the influence of Kp index causes an increase of GEC, while the time weighted Dst index causes a decrease of GEC. 相似文献
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利用全国52个地磁台站近20年的观测数据,分析我国大陆地磁Z分量日变化相位变化的空间分布特征,得到如下结论：（1）所有台站Z分量低点时间均服从正态分布;（2）Z分量低点时间期望值与经度之间具有很强的负相关关系,反映出显著的地方时依赖性;（3）低点时间标准差与纬度之间具有一定的正相关关系;（4）中国大陆存在两个Z分量低点时间的异常区域,均表现为低点时间比周围地区明显提前,且低点时间的离散度大于周边地区;（5）去除异常区观测点数据之后,低点时间标准差呈现出在30°N（和地磁纬度20°）附近为极小值而向低纬和高纬分别增大的特点,用二次或三次曲线可以在一定程度上描述这种相关关系. 相似文献
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日冕物质抛射(CME)的规模和对地有效性是地磁暴预报中重点关注的特征.本项研究的目的是通过对行星际高能质子通量和能谱的特征与演化规律的分析,得到CME对粒子的加速能力,评估CME可能对地磁场造成的影响.在工作中,统计分析了ACE/EPAM的1998-2010年的质子数据,对质子能谱进行了拟合,得到了能谱指数,并对能谱指数及其变化特征所对应的CME和地磁暴进行了相关统计.通过研究发现:(1)能谱指数随着太阳活动水平而变化,高年最大,达到-2.6,而且涨落幅度也达到±0.4,而在太阳活动低年则稳定在-3.0左右;(2)CME对粒子的加速对应着能谱指数的升高,幅度达到20%时,CME引起地磁暴的可能性较大;(3)冕洞高速流到达地球时,高能质子通量也会升高,但能谱指数同时会有下降;(4)以2004年全年的能谱指数为例,对能谱指数在地磁暴预报中的应用进行了评估,结论认为,能谱指数的升高是CME引发地磁暴的必要条件,可以作为地磁暴预报的参数使用. 相似文献
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The characteristics of 80 geomagnetic storm spectra have been analyzed and compared for the records at seven observatories:
Beijing, Qingguang, Changli, Guangzhou, Sheshan, Wuchang and Changchun during 1973–1977. The general natures of the spectra
are thus obtained. The results are as follows. First, there are synchronous trends of change in the magnetic storm spectral
amplitude at the seven observatories. Second, the sepctral slopes of all the magnetic storms are almost the same. The yearly
average values of the spectral slopeb are quite steady within the period range from 0.5 to 6.8 hours. This means that the magnetic storms have the same energy
partitioning factor. Third, there are significant changes in the yearly average values of spectral interceptsa for the three observatories of Beijing, Qingguang and Changli which are near the Tangshan earthquake area, but the values
are quite steady for the four observatories of Guangzhou, Sheshan, Wuchang and Changchun which are far from the earthquake
area. It seems that the noticeable changes are related to the great Tangshan earthquake of July 28, 1976. 相似文献
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Ionospheric effects of a large number (51) of severe geomagnetic storms are studied using total electron content (TEC) and VHF/UHF scintillation data from Calcutta, situated near the northern crest of equatorial ionization anomaly and equatorial spread-F (ESF) data from Kodaikanal. The susceptibility of the equatorial ionosphere to develop storm time plasma density irregularities responsible for ESF and scintillation is found to be largely modulated by the local times of occurrences of main and recovery phases as seen in the Dst index. While inhibition of premidnight scintillation for lower TEC values compared to the quiet day averages is omnipresent, occurrence of scintillation for enhancements of TEC is largely dependent on initiation time and amplitude of the said deviations. An overall reduction in threshold values of h′F for observing storm induced ESF and scintillation compared to reported quiet time values is noted. The results are discussed in terms of storm time variabilities in electric fields, neutral wind system and composition changes. 相似文献
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The latitudinal distributions of horizontal geomagnetic variations, ΔH, and their time derivatives, ∂H/∂t, were analysed statistically
over the three-year period 2003–2005. It appears that the amplitude distributions of horizontal geomagnetic variations and
their time derivatives differ systematically between different geomagnetic latitudes and storm intensity levels. We show that
the magnetic field variations observed at auroral and polar cap latitudes are under all geomagnetic storm levels comparable
in amplitude (in a statistical sense) while they are smaller at subauroral latitudes. In contrast, their time derivatives
are clearly the largest at auroral latitudes at all storm levels. These distributions determine in a general sense where and
with which probability technological systems and operational procedures may be affected by geomagnetic storms. However, one
observes in individual cases that the peak ∂H/∂t (the largest in all horizontal directions) is not necessarily the one which
triggers a power system blackout. 相似文献
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The structure of the mid- and high-latitude ionosphere during the November 2004 storm event obtained from GPS observations 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Andrzej Krankowski Irk I. Shagimuratov Lubomir W. Baran Galina Yakimova 《Acta Geophysica》2007,55(4):490-508
GPS data from the International GNSS Service (IGS) network were used to study the development of the severe geomagnetic storm
of November 7–12, 2004, in the total electron content (TEC) on a global scale. The TEC maps were produced for analyzing the
storm. For producing the maps over European and North American sectors, GPS measurements from more than 100 stations were
used. The dense network of GPS stations provided TEC measurements with a high temporal and spatial resolution. To present
the temporal and spatial variation of TEC during the storm, differential TEC maps relative to a quiet day (November 6, 2004)
were created.
The features of geomagnetic storm attributed to the complex development of ionospheric storm depend on latitude, longitude
and local time. The positive, as well as negative effects were detected in TEC variations as a consequence of the evolution
of the geomagnetic storm. The maximal effect was registered in the subauroral/auroral ionosphere during substorm activity
in the evening and night period. The latitudinal profiles obtained from TEC maps for Europe gave rise to the storm-time dynamic
of the ionospheric trough, which was detected on November 7 and 9 at latitudes below 50°N. In the report, features of the
response of TEC to the storm for European and North American sectors are analyzed. 相似文献
19.
Analysis of the positive ionospheric response to a moderate geomagnetic storm using a global numerical model 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Current theories of F-layer storms are discussed using numerical simulations with the Upper Atmosphere Model, a global self-consistent, time dependent numerical model of the thermosphere-ionosphere-plasmasphere-magnetosphere system including electrodynamical coupling effects. A case study of a moderate geomagnetic storm at low solar activity during the northern winter solstice exemplifies the complex storm phenomena. The study focuses on positive ionospheric storm effects in relation to thermospheric disturbances in general and thermospheric composition changes in particular. It investigates the dynamical effects of both neutral meridional winds and electric fields caused by the disturbance dynamo effect. The penetration of short-time electric fields of magnetospheric origin during storm intensification phases is shown for the first time in this model study. Comparisons of the calculated thermospheric composition changes with satellite observations of AE-C and ESRO-4 during storm time show a good agreement. The empirical MSISE90 model, however, is less consistent with the simulations. It does not show the equatorward propagation of the disturbances and predicts that they have a gentler latitudinal gradient. Both theoretical and experimental data reveal that although the ratio of [O]/[N2] at high latitudes decreases significantly during the magnetic storm compared with the quiet time level, at mid to low latitudes it does not increase (at fixed altitudes) above the quiet reference level. Meanwhile, the ionospheric storm is positive there. We conclude that the positive phase of the ionospheric storm is mainly due to uplifting of ionospheric F2-region plasma at mid latitudes and its equatorward movement at low latitudes along geomagnetic field lines caused by large-scale neutral wind circulation and the passage of travelling atmospheric disturbances (TADs). The calculated zonal electric field disturbances also help to create the positive ionospheric disturbances both at middle and low latitudes. Minor contributions arise from the general density enhancement of all constituents during geomagnetic storms, which favours ion production processes above ion losses at fixed height under day-light conditions. 相似文献
20.
本文基于我国2015—2018年间地电暴事件,通过对筛选的数据曲线变化特征归纳分析,总结出以下快速准确判断地电暴事件的依据:(1)地电暴发生时,会压制地电场六道观测数据正常日变形态,且变幅是正常日变幅值2倍以上或更大;(2)地电暴事件具有广域同步性,可通过多台观测数据对比判断;(3)地电暴和地磁暴具有同源性,可通过地磁观测来判断;(4)经过上述初判后,还应排除观测系统、自然环境、人为干扰、场地环境事件影响,才能确认为单一地电暴事件。通过对地电暴波形特征的分析,发现一般情况下地电暴变幅与地磁磁情指数—K指数呈正比关系,但是同一台站地电暴变幅在同一K指数下差异较大。不同台站对同一地电暴事件幅度响应不同,仅从变幅来看纬度效应不明显,有局部区域性特点,可能与台站台址条件\,地电场布极方式方位等因素均有关。 相似文献