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论述了大同盆地中强地震活动的时空特点及华北北部中强地震活动之间的关系，发现在时间过程中，大同盆地中强地震活动受北强震活动周期的制约，在空间分布上与华北北部中强地震成丛活动密切相关，得出１９８９年在同－阳高６．１级地震后，与大同盆地相邻的忻定盆地，延怀盆地发生６１／２级左右地震的危险性增大的结论。 相似文献
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AR模型预测太原盆地地震活动的趋势 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以太原盆地近５００年以来的地震序列为样本，通过平稳检验后，建立ＡＲ模型，并以此模型为基础对未来太原盆地的地震活动进行了计算和预测，结果表明：到２００５年太原盆地将发生Ｍ＝５．０级地震。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯周缘地带未来强震发生地区初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据对地质构造和构造活动特征的研究可知，鄂尔多斯周缘各断陷盆地均有发生强烈地震的可能，根据对历史地震活动规律和现今地震活动特征的研究，认为，鄂尔多斯周缘未来强震活动具有“填空性”，即历史上已发生过强烈地震的各盆地，近期再次发生的可能性不大；历史上未发生过强烈地震而近一个时段（数十年间）中小地震活动频度比较高，持续时间比较长的某些盆地，如北缘构成河套平原的临河盆地、白彦花盆地、呼和浩特和包头两市所在的呼包盆地，东北缘的大同盆地和延怀盆地等，是未来发生强烈地震（大于7级甚至超过8级）的最优选地段。 相似文献
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利用极值理论、最大熵原理、周期图分析、震级—频度关系等六种方法分别讨论渭河盆地地震发生的规律性,得出预测结果:(1)渭河盆地今后一百年内(即2078年前后)有可能发生Ms≥5.0级的地震,而发生Ms>5.5级地震的可能性较小;(2)Ms=5.0—5.5级地震的复发周期分别为67年和154年左右;(3)自1400年以来,5.0级以上的地震活动存在着510±10年、250±10年、120±10年、80±10年和170±10年的主要周期。 相似文献
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地震砂土液化是研究历史地震和古地震的重要手段,其结果对评价一个地区的地震危险性有重要意义。通过对陕西咸阳黄家沟、长兴村砂土液化平面和剖面特征的调查,明确了该地区砂土液化为地震诱发产生。对上述两地砂土液化所穿过的文化层进行考古鉴定,综合分析认为砂土液化形成于明朝时期,对应的地震可能是1556年华县8?级地震、1568年西安东北6?级地震或1487年临潼6?级地震。依据在渭河盆地发现的其他砂土液化,对其有争议的公元前780年岐山≥7级地震和公元600年秦陇6~7级地震的震中和震级进行讨论,认为公元前780年地震的震级定为8级有待更多的证据,公元600年秦陇地震震中应不在西安附近。这一结论为渭河盆地几条主要活动断裂的地震危险性评价提供了新的旁证资料。 相似文献
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通过对太原盆地近１０ａ来,遥测台网记录到的地震做震中分布,地震活动频度及能量释放等分析,得出太原盆地地震活动时间分布上人有“丛集性”,盆地小震活动频繁,应变能释放常以小震群形式释放的结论。指出今后２ａ,太原盆地将出现地震活动频度高,应变能释放逐渐回升的现象。 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献