共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Gelfan A. N. Gusev E. M. Kalugin A. S. Krylenko I. N. Motovilov Yu. G. Nasonova O. N. Millionshchikova T. D. Frolova N. L. 《Water Resources》2022,49(3):351-365
Water Resources - The present overview is the second part of the article “Runoff of Russian Rivers Under Current and Projected Climate Change: A Review,” which focuses on modern... 相似文献
2.
Nasonova O. N. Gusev Ye. M. Kovalev E. E. Ayzel G. V. Panysheva K. M. 《Water Resources》2019,46(1):S145-S154
Water Resources - Projected changes in river runoff due to possible climate change during the 21st century were simulated with making use of a physically-based land surface model SWAP and... 相似文献
3.
A. P. Demin 《Water Resources》2010,37(6):862-873
Indicators of source water use in different economic branches, water consumption in recycling and recycling-successive water supply in 1980–2006 are analyzed. Trends were identified in variations in specific water consumption in industry, agriculture, and municipal economy. Territorial differentiation of wetness indicators of regional product over federal districts and constituent territories of the RF is shown. Wetness values of gross domestic product in different economies are compared. 相似文献
4.
Changes in monthly baseflow across the U.S. Midwest 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Characterizing streamflow changes in the agricultural U.S. Midwest is critical for effective planning and management of water resources throughout the region. The objective of this study is to determine if and how baseflow has responded to land alteration and climate changes across the study area during the 50‐year study period by exploring hydrologic variations based on long‐term stream gage data. This study evaluates monthly contributions to annual baseflow along with possible trends over the 1966–2016 period for 458 U.S. Geological Survey streamflow gages within 12 different Midwestern states. It also examines the influence of climate and land use factors on the observed baseflow trends. Monthly contribution breakdowns demonstrate how the majority of baseflow is discharged into streams during the spring months (March, April, and May) and is overall more substantial throughout the spring (especially in April) and summer (June, July, and August). Baseflow has not remained constant over the study period, and the results of the trend detection from the Mann–Kendall test reveal that baseflows have increased and are the strongest from May to September. This analysis is confirmed by quantile regression, which suggests that for most of the year, the largest changes are detected in the central part of the distribution. Although increasing baseflow trends are widespread throughout the region, decreasing trends are few and limited to Kansas and Nebraska. Further analysis reveals that baseflow changes are being driven by both climate and land use change across the region. Increasing trends in baseflow are linked to increases in precipitation throughout the year and are most prominent during May and June. Changes in agricultural intensity (in terms of harvested corn and soybean acreage) are linked to increasing trends in the central and western Midwest, whereas increasing temperatures may lead to decreasing baseflow trends in spring and summer in northern Wisconsin, Kansas, and Nebraska. 相似文献
5.
The way in which the joint action of fluvial and marine factors control delta formation is illustrated by examples of the mouths of rivers discharging into the Black and Mediterranean seas. The processes of active delta out-building under the effect of cold, wet climatic conditions and human-induced erosion in river basins and the processes of sea-wave erosion of deltas under the effect of a significant decrease in the sediment discharge of rivers that was caused by impact of human activities in the second half of the 20th century are discussed. 相似文献
6.
The results of investigations of the alteration in river ice regime associated with the global climate warming are presented. It is shown that a simple model based on the relationship between the dates of ice phenomena and the average air temperature for the preceding month can be used for the assessment of probable changes in ice phenomena at various scenarios of the future climate. It is found that as a rule, the allowance made for the rate of streamflow in autumn does not improve the assessment of the probable dates of river freeze-up, whereas the model of the process of river breakup allows improving the estimates of the relevant shifts in the dates. 相似文献
7.
Petrooshina M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2003,47(1-6):187-192
The purpose of this investigation is to study structure, evolution and present ecological state of background and anthropogenically modified landscapes of the Abrau Peninsula. This region has been recommended as one of the main conservation sites on the Russian Black Sea coast due to its relatively low anthropogenic transformation and its historical importance. The ecological situation is aggravated today by the construction of a pipe-line and oil terminal near Novorossiysk and by an increase in unregulated recreation activity within the peninsula's narrow coastal zone. A special landscape-ecological map has been compiled for the model area. All ecosystems shown on the map can be grouped into four main categories based on changes of landscape structure resulting from direct impact of human activity and indirect impact mainly from chemical pollution. Ecosystems exhibiting a high degree of transformation are more typical for regions characterized by settlements, vineyards and the coastal recreation zone. Ecosystems with moderate changes also exist in the coastal area, including, for example, some unique ecosystems with pine-tree forests, pistachio-juniper and juniper open-lands. Nearly 50% of pine-tree (Pinus pithyusa) forests are in the fourth and fifth stages of recreation degradation. Some protection measures are suggested to maintain biodiversity and sustainable development of these coastal landscapes and to improve their current condition. 相似文献
8.
Water Resources - The aim of this study was investigating the ability of the AOGCM INMCM4.0 and LSM SWAP to reproduce streamflow of nine northern Russian rivers located in the European Russia and... 相似文献
9.
About ScienceDirect 《Marine pollution bulletin》1976,7(12):221-224
The stability of the lysosomes and the latency of lysosomal enzymes of Mytilus are responsive to temperature and nutritive stressors. An empirical biochemical index of the molar concentration ratio of taurine: glycine in the mussel's tissue is also sensitive to stress. Changes in both of these indices correlate with the amount of energy available to the mussel for growth and are useful indicators of the degree of stress experienced by Mytilus in the natural environment. 相似文献
10.
This paper presents results of a study on the concentration of adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) in water samples of the Oder River and its tributaries collected from 1998 to 2002. The Vistula River water for AOX was analysed in the period 2001–2002. The investigated waters of the Vistula near the mouth (Kiezmark) were more contaminated with AOX than the Oder near the mouth (Widuchowa, Krajnik Dolny). In general, AOX levels in the Polish rivers are comparable to the values found in the European rivers, e.g. the Rhine and the Ton. The research has shown that AOX were correlated with pH, total suspended solids, and the riverine flow. No relation between dissolved oxygen and redox potential and AOX was found out. During the flood period AOX, inorganic halogens (TIX), and mineral substances (sulfates) were analysed. 相似文献
11.
Space and time analysis of the formation of spring overland runoff in forest-steppe and steppe regions of the Russian Plain has been carried out. It has been shown that, in addition to zonal climate conditions, its distribution over the area is largely determined by the agricultural load on river catchment areas, primarily, the structure of agricultural lands—the proportions of areas under winter tillage and consolidated tillage. The character of overland runoff response to present-day climate changes and agricultural activity has been identified, and quantitative estimates have been given to the manifold hydrological role of these factors. 相似文献
12.
S. G. Dobrovolski 《Water Resources》2007,34(6):607-618
Maps of a series of characteristics were calculated and constructed for RF territory, including mean values of changes in runoff depths (evaluated by the main climate models of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) due to greenhouse effect estimated for 2040–2070; root-mean-square deviations from these values; relative errors of the estimates; mean values of changes in the runoff depth for different scenarios of greenhouse gas emissions; absolute and relative deviations of these values from their means for scenarios and integration of models. Chronological forecasts of possible changes in the mean runoff values for the rivers of Volga, Northern Dvina, Pechora, Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Yana, Indigirka, Kolyma, and Amur up to 2100 are calculated, and the root-mean-square errors of these characteristics are evaluated for the maximum number of uncertainties in the forecast. The greenhouse effect is shown to be less significant, other factors being the same, for rivers with small drainage basins and rivers with small modulus of flow. 相似文献
13.
A. G. Kudinov 《Water Resources》2005,32(5):484-489
Water economy balances of the major river basins in the Russian Federation for 1998–2002 are considered and their possible changes in the period up to 2010 are discussed. Consumptive water use and the feasibility of steady functioning of water users are assessed. River basins on the southern slope of the European Russia are examined in detail. 相似文献
14.
Data from permanent seasonal observations are used to show changes in the chemical composition of water and the discharge of major dissolved chemicals by rivers flowing into the White Sea in years with different water abundances. The proportions of the anthropogenic component in the discharge of nitrate nitrogen and in the total of principal ions were evaluated for the Nizhniy Vyg River. 相似文献
15.
Active faults are commonly associated with spatially anomalously high concentrations of soil gases such as carbon dioxide
and Rn, suggesting that they are crustal discontinuities with a relatively high vertical permeability through which crustal
and subcrustal gases may preferably escape towards the earth's surface. Many earthquake-related hydrologic and geochemical
temporal changes have been recorded, mostly along active faults especially at fault intersections, since the 1960s. The reality
of such changes is gradually ascertained and their features well delineated and fairly understood. Some coseismic changes
recorded in ``near field' are rather consistent with poroelastic dislocation models of earthquake sources, whereas others
are attributable to near-surface permeability enhancement. In addition, coseismic (and postseismic) changes were recorded
for many moderate to large earthquakes at certain relatively few ``sensitive sites' at epicentral distances too large (larger
for larger earthquakes, up to 1000 km or more for magnitude 8) to be explained by the poroelastic models. They are probably
triggered by seismic shaking. The sensitivity of different sites can be greatly different, even when separated only by meters.
The sensitive sites are usually located on or near active faults, especially their intersections and bends, and characterized
by some near-critical hydrologic or geochemical condition (e.g., permeability that can be greatly increased by a relatively
small seismic shaking or stress increase). Coseismic changes recorded for different earthquakes at a sensitive site are usually
similar, regardless of the earthquakes' location and focal mechanism. The sensitivity of a sensitive site may change with
time. Also pre-earthquake changes were observed hours to years before some destructive earthquakes at certain sensitive sites,
some at large epicentral distances, although these changes are relatively few and less certain. Both long-distance coseismic
and preseismic changes call for more realistic models than simple elastic dislocation for explanation. Such models should
take into consideration the heterogeneity of the crust where stress is concentrated at certain weak points (sensitive sites)
along active faults such that the stress condition is near a critical level prior to the occurrence of the corresponding earthquakes.
To explain the preseismic changes, the models should also assume a broad-scaled episodically increasing strain field. 相似文献
16.
The formation of the runoff of small rivers in different natural zones of the cis-Urals Region is analyzed. Correlation between variations in the flood flow of small rivers and changes in the system of agricultural land use in 1936–1995 in the Southern cis-Urals is shown. The dependence of the balance of melt water on the topography and type of farming lands on the slope is discussed. The effect of fall plowing on the coefficient of snowmelt runoff is assessed. 相似文献
17.
E. P. Kharin 《Surveys in Geophysics》1982,4(4):455-466
The paper contains data on the transfer functions of the electromagnetic field of the Earth and their changes with time.The results show that these changes are caused by the instability of parameters of the external sources of the geomagnetic field variations in high latitudes and by the changes in the physical properties of rocks and deep matter in the region of recordings of electromagnetic field components.A statement is made that under certain conditions the observations of changes in transfer functions of the electromagnetic field of the Earth can be used as long-term forerunners of earthquakes. 相似文献
18.
简要回顾了几十年来对地震发生前、地震过程中和震后地下流体和地球化学变化的研究和成果,这些研究一般都是以探索地震预报可能性为目的的。论述了与地震有关的地下水文及地球化学变化的机理,这些地下流体(包括地下水和气体诸如氢、氧和惰性气体)的起源和迁移流动现象以及详细介绍了早期和近代对有关地震的地下流体和地球化学变化的观测成果。同时指出了对地下流体和地球化学作为地震前兆来观测研究的困难所在以及为了克服这些困难而应该采取的地震前兆观测研究的方向,例如多种手段和多种原理方法,开发有效的地球物理和地球化学模型以及适当的数据分析统计方法等。 相似文献
19.
Galina L. Kirillova 《Island Arc》2018,27(2)
The Cretaceous tectonic and geodynamic settings of the southeastern Russian continental margin are discussed using data generated during several recent geological studies. The structural patterns of the East Asian Cretaceous continental margin are the result of the influence of global and regional processes. The interaction and reorganization of the Eurasian, Pacific and other related plates induced intraplate tectonic processes such as rifting, subduction, collision, transform faulting, and basin formation. Three major basin types are recognized in this area: (i) mainly marine active continental margins associated with shear components (Sangjian–Middle Amur Basin); (ii) passive continental margins (Bureya, Partizansk, and Razdolny basins); (iii) intracontinental basins (Amur–Zeya Basin). The evolution of the biota in this region allows the examination of Early and Late Cretaceous biostratigraphy, faunal and floral changes, and the phytogeography of the southeastern Russian continental margin. 相似文献
20.
Level of Lake Ladoga at Possible Climate Changes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A transfer function model with climatic indices as the input and the lake level as the output is proposed to describe the response of a lake to climate changes. The climate indices include air temperature and atmospheric precipitation. The model is used to assess the response of the Lake Ladoga level to different climate changes. It is shown that the significant deviations of the lake level from the values corresponding to the modern climate are associated with changes in the numerical characteristics of climate indices and can be attributed to the displacement of the boundaries of climatic seasons. In this case, significant changes in the lake level may take place even without visible deviations of the annual averages of temperature and precipitation from their long-term standards. 相似文献