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测震数据对象关系映射软件包设计 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在深入研究JOPENS数据库数据模型,SEED文件格式基础上,通过对Jrdseed开源软件包进行继承、功能扩展与封装,设计实现Java环境的测震数据对象关系映射软件包。即使不了解测震数据存储标准,也能应用该程序,只需调用该通用软件包接口,便能高效便利的从多种数据来源(来自JOPENS数据库中的连续波形、事件波形以及SEED文件)轻松获取解压缩处理后的测震数据,使研发效率获得大幅提升。 相似文献
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为研究在地震速报等基于测震数据的业务场景中，对于地震事件检测等中间处理结果的可视化问题，本文设计实现了一套基于实时测震数据的可视化系统。该系统利用分布式消息队列Kafka实现了流式数据的缓存，利用分布式实时数据处理框架Flink实现了震相到时拾取和地震事件检测，最终利用大数据可视化组件Echarts实现了基于全国范围的各个地震台站的震相到时统计情况展示地图。通过部署与应用，该系统达到了设计的目的，实现了应有的功能，满足了实际需求。 相似文献
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安徽测震台网接收邻省19个测震台站数据,评估该数据对地震监测能力效益的改进,并对今后提高测震台网监测能力进行探讨. 相似文献
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数字遥测地震台网测震能力图的制作 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
王翠芳 《地震地磁观测与研究》2004,25(4):32-37
数字遥测地震台网的测震能力图是衡量台网测震水平的一个重要标志,它既能反映一个台网的监测精度,更能反映一个台网的监测范围。要作出台网测震能力图,首先要获得台基振动数据,并对该数据作处理,然后根据相应的公式计算出起算函数R(Δ)、震中距Δ和台站监视半径r,最后作出测震能力图。 相似文献
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通过测震台网网络技术平台,分析其系统构成及虚拟台网、3G无线传输、远程网络监控等技术在陕西测震台网的应用.该平台的建成,提高了测震台网运行质量及流动测震台网的快速响应能力,实现省、市测震台网观测数据的实时共享,对进一步提升地震部门地震响应能力、完善监测体系,具有重要意义. 相似文献
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结合波形互相关的双差定位方法在三峡水库地震中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文采用基于波形互相关算法的双差定位方法对三峡水库地震进行精定位和地震活动性分析。首先使用双谱互相关方法分析了三峡库区加密台网于2009年3月至2010年12月观测到的地震波形数据，并对波形互相关分析的结果进行了评价。基于结合获得的波形互相关数据使用双差定位方法对地震事件进行精定位研究，结果表明使用双谱法验证的波形互相关数据的定位精度要高于其他数据的结果，其东西向震源位置平均误差为3.2m、南北向为3.9m、垂直向为6.2m。重定位震中结果显示巴东神龙溪两岸微震分布明显呈现出3条近东西向的线性条带状，与地表小规模断裂和碳酸盐岩地层走向一致，揭示了库水主要沿着溶洞或者地下暗河渗透进而诱发地震活动，较强地震可能是微小地震贯穿活动面的结果。 相似文献
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Quantitative imaging of complex structures from dense wide-aperture seismic data by multiscale traveltime and waveform inversions: a case study 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
S. Operto C. Ravaut L. Improta J. Virieux A. Herrero P. Dell'Aversana 《Geophysical Prospecting》2004,52(6):625-651
An integrated multiscale seismic imaging flow is applied to dense onshore wide‐aperture seismic data recorded in a complex geological setting (thrust belt). An initial P‐wave velocity macromodel is first developed by first‐arrival traveltime tomography. This model is used as an initial guess for subsequent full‐waveform tomography, which leads to greatly improved spatial resolution of the P‐wave velocity model. However, the application of full‐waveform tomography to the high‐frequency part of the source bandwidth is difficult, due to the non‐linearity of this kind of method. Moreover, it is computationally expensive at high frequencies since a finite‐difference method is used to model the wave propagation. Hence, full‐waveform tomography was complemented by asymptotic prestack depth migration to process the full‐source bandwidth and develop a sharp image of the short wavelengths. The final traveltime tomography model and two smoothed versions of the final full‐waveform tomography model were used as a macromodel for the prestack depth migration. In this study, wide‐aperture multifold seismic data are used. After specific preprocessing of the data, 16 frequency components ranging from 5.4 Hz to 20 Hz were inverted in cascade by the full‐waveform tomography algorithm. The full‐waveform tomography successfully imaged SW‐dipping structures previously identified as high‐resistivity bodies. The relevance of the full‐waveform tomography models is demonstrated locally by comparison with a coincident vertical seismic profiling (VSP) log available on the profile. The prestack depth‐migrated images, inferred from the traveltime, and the smoothed full‐waveform tomography macromodels are shown to be, on the whole, consistent with the final full‐waveform tomography model. A more detailed analysis, based on common‐image gather computations, and local comparison with the VSP log revealed that the most accurate migrated sections are those obtained from the full‐waveform tomography macromodels. A resolution analysis suggests that the asymptotic prestack depth migration successfully migrated the wide‐aperture components of the data, allowing medium wavelengths in addition to the short wavelengths of the structure to be imaged. The processing flow that we applied to dense wide‐aperture seismic data is shown to provide a promising approach, complementary to more classical seismic reflection data processing, to quantitative imaging of complex geological structures. 相似文献
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波形反演是近年来较热门的反演方法,其分辨率可以达到亚波长级别.在波形反演的实际应用中,源子波的估计十分重要.传统方法使用反褶积来估计源子波并随着反演过程更新,该方法在合成数据波形反演中效果较好,但在实际数据反演过程中存在一系列的问题.由于实际数据信噪比较低,在源子波估计过程中需要大量的人为干涉,且结果并不一定可靠.本文使用一种基于褶积波场的新型目标函数,令反演过程不再依赖源子波.详细推导了针对跨孔雷达波形反演的梯度及步长公式,实现介电常数和电导率的同步反演.针对一个合成数据模型同时反演介电常数和电导率,结果表明该方法能够反演出亚波长尺寸异常体的形状和位置.接着,将该方法应用到两组实际数据中,并与基于估计源子波的时间域波形反演结果进行比较.结果表明不依赖源子波的时间域波形反演结果分辨率更高,也更准确. 相似文献
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目前对首都圈地区中小地震的震源机制研究所用的方法主要有P波初动极性法、 振幅比法及波形反演方法。 前两种方法只利用了波形中很少量的信息, 且对于稀疏台阵效果较差, 而传统的波形反演法也仅利用了波形的部分信息, 且对于震级、 数据资料等有一定的要求。 为克服上述传统方法中的局限并进一步提高震源机制解的准确性, 本文采用一种新的综合利用上述各种信息的全波形匹配方法来反演首都圈地区中小地震的震源机制解, 提高反演解的可靠性。 为了检验所使用的全波形匹配震源机制反演方法的可靠性, 我们首先进行了合成数据测试, 结果表明全波形匹配方法可以得到稳定可靠的震源机制解。 利用新的全波形匹配方法计算了2019年4月北京发生的两次地震震源机制解, 并结合活动断裂进行分析。 将新的全波形震源机制反演方法应用于首都圈地区2015年以来的22个地震(2.2≤M≤4.3), 并对22个地震的震源机制解及应力轴分布进行了分析, 与前人研究结果具有较好的一致性。 相似文献
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Ho Seuk Bae Changsoo Shin Young Ho Cha Yunseok Choi Dong‐Joo Min 《Geophysical Prospecting》2010,58(6):997-1010
Although waveform inversion has been intensively studied in an effort to properly delineate the Earth's structures since the early 1980s, most of the time‐ and frequency‐domain waveform inversion algorithms still have critical limitations in their applications to field data. This may be attributed to the highly non‐linear objective function and the unreliable low‐frequency components. To overcome the weaknesses of conventional waveform inversion algorithms, the acoustic Laplace‐domain waveform inversion has been proposed. The Laplace‐domain waveform inversion has been known to provide a long‐wavelength velocity model even for field data, which may be because it employs the zero‐frequency component of the damped wavefield and a well‐behaved logarithmic objective function. However, its applications have been confined to 2D acoustic media. We extend the Laplace‐domain waveform inversion algorithm to a 2D acoustic‐elastic coupled medium, which is encountered in marine exploration environments. In 2D acoustic‐elastic coupled media, the Laplace‐domain pressures behave differently from those of 2D acoustic media, although the overall features are similar to each other. The main differences are that the pressure wavefields for acoustic‐elastic coupled media show negative values even for simple geological structures unlike in acoustic media, when the Laplace damping constant is small and the water depth is shallow. The negative values may result from more complicated wave propagation in elastic media and at fluid‐solid interfaces. Our Laplace‐domain waveform inversion algorithm is also based on the finite‐element method and logarithmic wavefields. To compute gradient direction, we apply the back‐propagation technique. Under the assumption that density is fixed, P‐ and S‐wave velocity models are inverted from the pressure data. We applied our inversion algorithm to the SEG/EAGE salt model and the numerical results showed that the Laplace‐domain waveform inversion successfully recovers the long‐wavelength structures of the P‐ and S‐wave velocity models from the noise‐free data. The models inverted by the Laplace‐domain waveform inversion were able to be successfully used as initial models in the subsequent frequency‐domain waveform inversion, which is performed to describe the short‐wavelength structures of the true models. 相似文献
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低频成分缺失和地下速度强烈变化会导致严重的周期跳现象,是地震数据全波形反演的难题.通过对地震数据加时间阻尼和时间积分降主频处理,提出了一种可有效去除周期跳现象的多主频波场时间阻尼全波形反演方法.由浅到深的速度不准确会造成波形走时失配和走时失配的累积.浅部速度的准确反演可有效地减小深部波形走时失配与周期跳现象.对地震数据施加时间阻尼得到时间阻尼数据,利用不同阻尼值的时间阻尼地震数据实现由浅到深的全波形反演.低主频波场的周期跳现象相对高主频波场的要弱.对地震波场进行不同阶的时间积分以得到不同主频的波场,把低主频波场的全波形反演结果作为高主频波场全波形反演的初始模型.应用缺失4 Hz以下频谱成分的二维盐丘模型合成数据验证所提出的全波形反演方法的正确性和有效性,数值试验结果显示多主频波场的时间阻尼全波形反演方法对缺失低频成分地震数据和地下速度强烈变化具有很好的适应性. 相似文献
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Full‐waveform inversion is re‐emerging as a powerful data‐fitting procedure for quantitative seismic imaging of the subsurface from wide‐azimuth seismic data. This method is suitable to build high‐resolution velocity models provided that the targeted area is sampled by both diving waves and reflected waves. However, the conventional formulation of full‐waveform inversion prevents the reconstruction of the small wavenumber components of the velocity model when the subsurface is sampled by reflected waves only. This typically occurs as the depth becomes significant with respect to the length of the receiver array. This study first aims to highlight the limits of the conventional form of full‐waveform inversion when applied to seismic reflection data, through a simple canonical example of seismic imaging and to propose a new inversion workflow that overcomes these limitations. The governing idea is to decompose the subsurface model as a background part, which we seek to update and a singular part that corresponds to some prior knowledge of the reflectivity. Forcing this scale uncoupling in the full‐waveform inversion formalism brings out the transmitted wavepaths that connect the sources and receivers to the reflectors in the sensitivity kernel of the full‐waveform inversion, which is otherwise dominated by the migration impulse responses formed by the correlation of the downgoing direct wavefields coming from the shot and receiver positions. This transmission regime makes full‐waveform inversion amenable to the update of the long‐to‐intermediate wavelengths of the background model from the wide scattering‐angle information. However, we show that this prior knowledge of the reflectivity does not prevent the use of a suitable misfit measurement based on cross‐correlation, to avoid cycle‐skipping issues as well as a suitable inversion domain as the pseudo‐depth domain that allows us to preserve the invariant property of the zero‐offset time. This latter feature is useful to avoid updating the reflectivity information at each non‐linear iteration of the full‐waveform inversion, hence considerably reducing the computational cost of the entire workflow. Prior information of the reflectivity in the full‐waveform inversion formalism, a robust misfit function that prevents cycle‐skipping issues and a suitable inversion domain that preserves the seismic invariant are the three key ingredients that should ensure well‐posedness and computational efficiency of full‐waveform inversion algorithms for seismic reflection data. 相似文献