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以兰州为例研究了中国西北黄土地区河谷城市的地震动参数小区划特征,论证了选择输入地震动的重要性以及地震动参数分区和当地场地特征、土层分类以及地貌分区的关系。根据兰州市区的场地条件和大量的计算结果将市区划分为三个小区,给出了各小区的设计地震动参数,编制出设计地震动参数小区划图。 相似文献
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本文回顾了中国东南沿海滨海地带几例历史大地震造成的巨大灾害;讨论了由定数法所确定的地震烈度折算成抗震设计参数的关系,以及由概率法取得的地震动参数直接作为抗震设防依据的重要性;简述了地震小区划方法;指出开展滨岸地带港口城市,开发区和重大工程场地的地震小区划工作对减轻地震灾害的深远意义。 相似文献
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山西地震动衰减关系的分析与确定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文根据山西及邻近地区(简称山西地震带)的地震烈度资料,用最小二乘法分析确定了山西地区的烈度衰减关系。借用美国西部地区的地震动衰减资料,用转换的方法分析确定了山西地区的地震动参数衰减关系。这些研究结果可供山西重大工程场区进行地震危险性分析及城市地震小区划时应用。 相似文献
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利用1920—2020年地震资料，对柴达木—阿尔金地震带采用多方案(不同时间段、震级段)统计计算并综合分析，确定b值为0.78,较《中国地震动参数区划图》中确定的b值0.84有所降低，对地震带重大建设工程地震安全性评价与地震小区划的工程设防有重要意义。本文确定b值作为《中国地震动参数区划图》的补充，可为科学建立重大建设工程的地震危险性计算模型提供基础依据。 相似文献
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场地的区域工程地质条件决定了场地土结构及土动力学参数的区域性差异,对强震地面运动起着重要的控制作用。为了考虑这种控制作用,以便合理地进行成都平原地震动小区划,本文根据一定数量的地震反应分析结果和所处的区域工程地质条件,建立了地貌单元、土层厚度和土层结构等因素与各类地震反应谱和各档峰值加速度的统计直方图。并引入分量分析方法,对原始因素进行正交变换,用产生互不相关的新因素来代替它们。正交变换之后,根据因子得分矩阵建立模糊关系矩阵 R,根据反映新因素重要程度的因子载荷矩阵生成新因素权重矩阵 A,然后采用模糊综合评判方法,判别成都平原东部各点的地面地震动类型,并由判别结果勾划了本区地震动小区划图。 相似文献
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根据烈度资料估算我国地震动参数衰减规律 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文论述了根据烈度资料估算地震动参数衰减规律的方法,推导了由烈度、距离和由烈度、震级标定地面运动参数的公式,并在推导中对两种经验方法的不确定性作了初步分析。 为了说明如何利用该方法推算我国的地震动参数衰减规律,本文首先根据美国西部积累的强震观测数据和烈度资料以及我国华北、西南地区的烈度资料,通过统计分析建立相应的衰减模型,然后用上述两种经验方法建立我国华北和西南地区的地震动衰减模型。用这两种方法换算的结果相近。这些研究结果已在大连市地震小区划和四川瀑布沟小坝坝址地震危险性分析中采用。 相似文献
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本文在宝鸡市震害考察、建筑物分布调查的基础上,利用宝鸡市地震小区划成果,结合对陈仓台站的汶川地震记录分析,得出陈仓区为5·12汶川8.0级地震Ⅶ度烈度异常区,是以下3种因素综合作用所致:(1)当地场地土层特性与其他地方不同,使得地震动强度较大;(2)异常区在地形上位于一个孤立突出的位置,地形的二维变化进一步放大了当地的地震动作用;(3)汶川地震记录表明,在宝鸡地区中、长周期地震动的成分较高、作用较大.故若有震害,将主要集中在中高层建筑(其自振周期为中长周期).宝鸡市地震小区划地震动峰值分区的低峰值区中,由于汶川地震在此的地震动强度小,对所有建筑都不足以造成较重的震害;而在高峰值区中,仅陈仓区有大量中高层建筑分布,汶川地震在此的频谱特征和较强的地震动强度,造成了其独有的严重震害. 相似文献
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土的动剪切模量比和阻尼比是土层地震反应分析、工程场地地震安全性评价和地震小区划工作中的必备参数,但其不确定性显著,对地震动和抗震设计影响很大。本文以我国常规土类动剪切模量比和阻尼比与剪应变非线性关系试验为基础,研究考虑这两个动力参数变异性下其超越概率的计算方法。方法包括了试验数据的整理、超越概率的计算以及两个动力参数和超越概率关系模拟等几个步骤,最后给出了我国常规土类动剪切模量比和阻尼比超越概率的计算公式,为我国基于概率和可靠度思想的工程地震安全风险评估提供了一定基础。 相似文献
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Preliminary seismic microzonation of Sivas city (Turkey) using microtremor and refraction microtremor (ReMi) measurements 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Aydın Büyüksaraç Özcan Bektaş Hüseyin Yılmaz M. Özgü Arısoy 《Journal of Seismology》2013,17(2):425-435
Sivas city, located in the inner east part of Anatolia (Turkey), is far from seismic sources. However, the city is under risk owing to strong earthquakes occurring around the area, and different soil conditions that can produce variation in the ground motion amplification. Microzonation of cities provides a basis for site-specific hazard analysis in urban settlements. In particular, seismic microzonation can be achieved by means of detailed seismic assessment of the area, including earthquake recordings and geological studies. In this paper, we propose a preliminary microzonation map for the city of Sivas, based on the variation in the dominant periods of the sediments covering the area. The periods are retrieved from microtremor measurements conducted at 114 sites, using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio technique. The results of microtremor analysis were compared with those obtained from refraction microtremor measurements at two profiles crossing the studied area. According to the classification of dominant periods, Sivas area can be divided into four zones, probably prone to different levels of seismic hazard. However, specific studies including analysis of weak earthquakes are required in the future to validate our microzonation map. 相似文献
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Recent researches have revealed that the seismic ground response above tunnels can be different from the free-field motion during earthquakes. Nevertheless, to the best of the authors׳ knowledge, neither building codes nor seismic microzonation guidelines have yet considered this matter. In the present study, the seismic response of a linear elastic medium including a buried unlined tunnel subjected to vertically propagating incident SV and P waves are addressed. For analysis purposes, a numerical time-domain analysis is performed by utilizing a robust numerical algorithm working based on the boundary element method. It is observed that the amplification of the ground surface underlain by a tunnel is increased in long periods. The variation of the amplification factor and characteristic period of the medium versus the buried depth of the tunnel are depicted as the major results of this study. Some simple and useful relations are proposed for estimating the seismic microzonation of the areas underlain by tunnels. These relations can also be used for the preliminary seismic design of structures located on underground structures. 相似文献
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I. P. Kuzin S. A. Kovachev L. I. Lobkovskii 《Journal of Volcanology and Seismology》2009,3(2):131-143
This paper reports the results from a study on earthquake hazard assessment for the northwestern part (until now considered to have been a low seismicity area) of the northern Caspian Sea around Morskoi Ivan-Karaul Island where oil-producing facilities are to be built. This earthquake hazard assessment is based on the traditional approach by analysis and summary of geological and geophysical data (primarily fault tectonics and geophysical fields). Seismic microzonation was carried out by the dynamic method based on the comparison of ground motion spectral amplitudes at a reference site and at other sites in the water area of interest. The basic data were records of aftershocks of teleseismic events made by OBSs. The experiment in dynamic microzonation turned out to be unique, in the sense that it was conducted in very shallow water (1–5 m), where the level of seismic noise is affected, not only by currents, but also by sea waves. We stress the importance of seismic monitoring during the operation period of the oil-gas facilities to provide checks on the technological process and to ensure the ecological safety of the environment. 相似文献
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A methodology for seismic microzonation and earthquake damage scenarios may be considered as composed of two stages. In the first stage, microzonation maps with respect to estimated earthquake characteristics on the ground surface are generated for an investigated urban area. The effects of local geological and geotechnical site conditions are taken into account based on site characterization with respect to representative soil profiles extending down to the engineering bedrock. 1D site response analyses are performed to calculate earthquake characteristics on the ground surface using as many as possible, hazard compatible real acceleration time histories. In the second stage, vulnerability of buildings and pipeline systems are estimated based on site-specific ground motion parameters. A pilot study is carried out to evaluate seismic damage in a district in Istanbul, Turkey. The results demonstrate the significance of site characterization and site response analysis in calculating the earthquake characteristics on the ground surface in comparison to simplified empirical procedures. 相似文献
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Bangkok, the capital city of Thailand, is located at a remote distance from seismic sources. However, it has a substantial risk from these distant earthquakes due to the ability of the underlying soft clay to amplify ground motions. It is therefore imperative to conduct a detailed seismic hazard assessment of the area. Seismic microzonation of big cities, like Bangkok, provides a basis for site‐specific hazard analysis, which can assist in systematic earthquake mitigation programs. In this study, a seismic microzonation map for the greater Bangkok area is constructed using microtremor observations. Microtremor observations were carried out at more than 150 sites in the greater Bangkok area. The predominant periods of the ground were determined from the horizontal‐to‐vertical (H/V) spectral ratio technique. A microzonation map was then developed for the greater Bangkok area based on the observations. Moreover, the transfer functions were calculated for the soil profile at eight sites, using the computer program SHAKE91, to validate the results from the microtremor analysis. The areas near the Gulf of Thailand, underlaid by a thick soft clay layer, were found to have long natural periods ranging from 0.8s to 1.2s. However, the areas outside the lower central plain have shorter predominant periods of less than 0.4s. The study shows that there is a great possibility of long‐period ground vibration in Bangkok, especially in the areas near the Gulf of Thailand. This may have severe effects on long‐period structures, such as high‐rise buildings and long‐span bridges. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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A. Marcellini R. Daminelli G. Franceschina M. Pagani 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2001,21(5)
Recent earthquakes such as the MJMA 7.2 Hyogo-ken Nambu earthquake and the M 7.4 Kocaeli earthquake demonstrate once again the need to include detailed soil investigation into hazard evaluation, that is the need of microzonation. Seismic hazard assessment evaluated at a regional scale generally does not consider soil effects but only in a limited way using an attenuation law that can be ‘soft soil’ or ‘rock’. However, the relevant role of seismic hazard in the assessment of seismic coefficients for the definition of the actions in seismic codes must be properly considered. That is to say, the level of protection of buildings is proportional to a definite level of hazard (generally considered to be the ground motion with 10% probability of exceedence in 50 years). When a microzonation is performed, this criterion cannot be ignored, therefore, a clear linkage must be established between hazard (regional scale) and microzonation. The crucial point is represented by the reference motion (or input motion) to be used for site effects analysis, that must be compatible with the regional seismic hazard. In this paper, three different approaches for reference motion evaluation are analysed: probabilistic; stochastic; and deterministic. Through the case history of Fabriano microzonation the three approaches are compared. It is shown that each approach presents advantages and disadvantages with respect to the others. For example, the probabilistic approach (the reference motion is directly derived from the expected response spectra for a given return period) is linked with hazard, but produces an overestimation in short periods range, while the deterministic approach correctly simulates the wave propagation, but it ends with a kind of conditional probability. Until now, clear criteria to choose the right approach do not appear to exist and the expert experience is of fundamental importance. 相似文献
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An earthquake scenario for the microzonation of Sofia and the vulnerability of structures designed by use of the Eurocodes 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Paskaleva Ivanka Dimova Silvia G.F. Panza Giuliano Vaccari Franco 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2007,27(11):1028-1041
The study of the site effects and the microzonation of a part of the metropolitan Sofia, based on the modelling of seismic ground motion along three cross-sections are performed. Realistic synthetic strong motion waveforms are computed for scenario earthquakes (M=7) applying a hybrid modelling method, based on the modal summation technique and finite differences scheme. The synthesized ground motion time histories are source and site specific. The site amplification is determined in terms of response spectra ratio (RSR). A suite of time histories and quantities of earthquake engineering interest are provided. The results of this study constitute a “database” that describes the ground shaking of the urban area. A case study of experiment-based assessment of vulnerability of a cast-in-situ single storey, industrial, reinforced concrete frame, designed according to Eurocodes 2 and 8 is presented. The main characteristics of damage index and storey drift are discussed for the purposes of microzonation. 相似文献
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Site response studies and seismic microzoning in the Middle Aterno valley (L��aquila, Central Italy)
G. Lanzo F. Silvestri A. Costanzo A. d��Onofrio L. Martelli A. Pagliaroli S. Sica A. Simonelli 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2011,9(5):1417-1442
Following the April 6th, 2009 Abruzzo mainshock, the Italian Civil Protection Department promoted a multidisciplinary study
aimed at developing seismic microzonation maps for post-earthquake reconstruction planning. In the framework of this project,
a Working Group, including the authors, was assembled to carry out a microzonation study on six villages located in the Middle
Aterno valley. This paper focuses on the villages of Castelnuovo and Poggio Picenze, which experienced MCS intensity values
of IX–X and VIII–IX, respectively. 1D and 2D linear equivalent site response analyses were carried out on representative geological
cross-sections through the damaged centres and the expansion zones. The subsoil models resulting from geological, geotechnical
and geophysical investigations were calibrated by comparing numerical amplification functions, in the linear range, with horizontal-to-vertical
spectral ratio derived from both aftershocks and noise recordings. The input motions adopted for the analyses were five artificial
accelerograms compatible with three response spectra obtained from the Italian seismic code, as well as from ad hoc probabilistic
and deterministic studies. The results were expressed in the form of horizontal profiles of amplification factors in terms
of peak ground acceleration, FPGA, as well as of the Housner intensity, FH, in two different range of periods; this latter parameter was shown to be almost
independent of the input motion and allowed to express the dependency of site amplification on the frequency range. The amplification
factors computed along the representative geological sections were finally extended with a rational procedure to the surrounding
areas to draw Grade-3 microzonation maps. 相似文献