共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
解析大地震的破裂模型是研究地震成因、破裂动力学机制和探究活动断层结构等研究方向的基础.在地震防灾、应急响应和危险性评估等实际问题中发挥着重要的作用.文章对近年来在大地震破裂模型反演的方法及应用上取得的进展进行综述和分析,结合北京大学地球物理专业相关研究人员在大地震破裂模型的快速反演、震源反投影、大地测量、地震波与形变观测数据的联合反演、复杂地球模型中破裂过程的反演及强地面运动模拟等方面的工作,分析不同研究方法的特长以及不足.提出从短期快速响应到长期科学问题的系统化研究思路,并对从震源模型反演到强地面运动预测的一体化自动应急系统,以及全动力学反演方法进行了分析和展望. 相似文献
2.
地表的水准面，例如湖平面，对于构造活动特别是垂直升降运动最为敏感，每次运动它都保存和记录到了许多地质现象，为构造运动的定量分析和现代动力学研究，提供了宝贵的资料。本文在分析了青藏高原地貌、第四纪地质特别是活断层以及对地震活动性研究的基础上，对高原上面积在4平方公里以上的367个湖泊进行了卫片解译。 相似文献
3.
4.
讨论了地球内部的波动现象与构造及地震间的关系。引进了４类广义构造波。它们是：表现为地球不同年代的综合构造运动结果的超长周期构造波；由地震活动性迁移，即所谓地震活动波所反映的长周期（不同类型与不同速度的，周期从几年到几十年）构造波；由地震前兆三阶段发展过程反映出的中等周期（从几月到几年）构造波；以及由地下水位、地倾斜、重力、地震波、电磁辐射、地声等的变化所记录的短周期（从几分到几天）构造波。地震活动波又有３类，可分别用广义瑞利型构造波、广义洛夫型构造波及广义导波型构造波来解释。最后，研讨了地球内部波动现象在地震研究中的应用，包括它们在地震危险性分析与地震区划、地震预报以及地震成因研究中的应用。 相似文献
5.
综述我国地球动力学的研究进展1994年以前的情况在臧绍先总结的基础上作一些补充外，着重讨论1994年以后的进展分别从地质构造运动的力学分析、岩石层动力学、地慢流动、地核动力学、地球介质力学性质、反演的数学方法和非线性科学等部分进行介绍．最后提出有待发展的研究方向． 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
青藏高原的隆升过程与地球动力学模型研究进展 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
综合对比、分析了现有青藏高原隆升过程和地球动力学模型相关成果，认为：（1）高原岩石圈以多圈层为特征，其内部层圈相互作用复杂，从而导致隆升过程和机制的复杂性以及构造演化的阶段性，高原的隆升是多种机制联合作用的产物，具有多阶段、非均一、不等速的特征；（2）现有地球动力学模式多力求用一种动力学体制对高原整体构造格架和成因演化进行解释，然而，高原的隆升过程、状态和动力学机制具有非线性、非周期性和无序性等特征，其隆升作用存在非线性效应；（3）以数值模拟为手段，开展物理与数学的定量模拟研究，建立组合动力学模型，是青藏高原隆升过程和地球动力学研究中有待深化的重要课题。 相似文献
9.
本文根据地球物理，地震学资料及区域构造应力场的分布，研究了１９９０年４月２６日发生了７．０级地震的共和盆地邻近地区的隐伏构造，本文提出，在微观上该地震由沿震源区存在的东西向断裂的左旋剪切运动所引起；在宏观上则由区域性东西几构造的端部破裂所产生，同时，研究结果也表明深部发震构造并不与地表构造特征一致。 相似文献
10.
青藏高原深部构造与动力学机制一直是深部地球物理与大陆动力学的重点研究领域.青藏高原东部地形起伏剧烈，地震活动频繁，金属与油气矿床丰富，揭示出青藏高原东部极为复杂的壳幔结构与深部变形及非常强烈的深部物质运动.近年来，随着地球物理综合观测技术、深部结构成像方法、地球动力学模拟等研究的快速发展，围绕青藏高原东部的深部构造、块体运动、深部动力模式、强震活动与深部蕴震机制及成矿深部构造等方面进展显著.青藏高原东部构造与地球物理研讨会（WTGTP）是围绕青藏高原东部深部结构与动力学机制、资源开发、地质灾害等相关地球科学问题按年度召开的学术交流研讨会.本文基于2021年和2022年召开的第九届和第十届WTGTP的会议报告，结合近年来的相关研究成果，围绕印度—欧亚板块碰撞、构造变形特征与动力学机制以及强震活动与深部蕴震机制等主要内容，介绍了青藏高原东部的地球物理结构及深部构造变形与动力学机制的研究进展.初步展望了青藏高原深部构造与地球物理研究前景，期望能给相关科研人员提供一点有益的参考. 相似文献
11.
12.
《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
16.
《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
17.
Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
18.
Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
19.
《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
20.
K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献