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本文采用模拟试验的方法,对分层土地基中双排隔振屏障对振动波的动力响应进行了探讨,并研究了桩长与土层分界面位置关系、激振频率对其隔振效果的影响作用,得出结论:（1）屏障前振动强度远大于屏障后振动强度,并随着振源距、激振频率、桩长的增加而下降,且屏障前出现明显振动增强现象,在激振频率80 Hz时产生振动峰值,振动强度在高频时基本稳定,继续增加激振频率,振动强度并不会发生明显变化。（2）屏障后中线左右2倍桩长范围内为整个隔振区域的薄弱区,其他区域则由包络线围成一个封闭有效隔振区。（3）屏障对中频和高频有更好的隔振效果,且桩长越大有效隔振面积越大,当桩长超过土层分界面时,有效隔振面积可达到53.25%～69.78%,但此时有效隔振面积增幅由原来的14.29%下降到11.64%,增幅降低了约3%。（4）未设屏障区振动强度较小,随激振频率小范围内浮动,在激振频率为30 Hz和80 Hz时取得振动峰值,且随着屏障布置方向减小,即靠近屏障一侧振动强度较强,远离屏障一侧振动强度较弱。 相似文献
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振动频率对饱和砂土液化强度的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用“土工静力-动力液压三轴-扭转多功能剪切仪”对饱和砂土进行了一系列动三轴实验,探讨了振动频率对液化强度数值的影响程度。在1．0、1．5固结比和0．05、0．10、1．00Hz振动频率条件下,针对相对密实度分别为70％、28％的密砂和松砂进行了100、200、300kPa围压和100kPa围压条件下的液化强度实验。实验结果表明,饱和密砂和松砂在各种固结条件下,液化强度随着振动频率的增大而增大,相同破坏振次时,各种实验条件下的液化强度与振动频率的关系在双对数坐标上均符合线性关系;振动频率由0．05Hz变化到1．00Hz时,液化强度相差达25％以上;动强度指标翰值随振动频率的增大而增大,最大相差12．2％;随着振动频率的增大,砂土达到液化破坏所需的时间明显缩短;振动频率对松砂液化强度的影响比对密砂的影响更为显著。 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2017,(6)
地铁周边地面环境振动的大量实际观测数据分析显示,地面振动大小与源频率成分有关.但是实际振动观测受周围环境振动影响较大,为了从理论上解释地铁以及地面交通源频率成分对地表环境振动的影响,本文通过二维有限元数值模拟来研究1~20 Hz激振源分别作用于地面和地下,以及地下与地面同时加载这三种情况下地面的振动加速度响应.通过与地面实际观测资料对比,得出结论:(1)由于地铁或地面交通与地层的耦合振动,使得存在一个特定的频率,当载荷以该频率输入时地面的振动最大,当载荷频率小于或大于该频率的时候,地面振动减小;(2)本文对应的地层模型情况下,随着距离的增加,当源频率低于5 Hz时,地面振动衰减缓慢,当源频率高于8Hz时,地面振动衰减快;(3)在地层不同位置激发振动,地表的最大反应频率不同. 相似文献
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为研究地铁荷载作用下饱和粉性土的累积塑性变形特性,针对上海地铁10号线国权路附近的饱和粉性土进行多功能GDS循环三轴试验,考虑振动频率、动应力幅值对累积塑性应变的影响。试验结果表明:相同振动频率下,动应力幅值越大产生的累积塑性应变就越大;相同动应力幅值条件下,频率越小产生的累积塑性应变就越大。采用2~2因子设计法进行分析,得到振动频率、动应力幅值及振动频率与动应力幅值互作等因素均对累积塑性应变有显著影响。通过回归分析理论,建立考虑振动频率、动应力幅值及振动频率与动应力幅值互作等因素的累积塑性应变的非线性方程,并对方程进行检验。该研究成果能为控制地铁运营产生的沉降提供有价值的理论依据。 相似文献
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地震波是一种随机的、不规则作用的动荷载脉冲,可分为振动型和冲击型。不同类型的地震波会对砂土液化和变形等产生重要影响,而传统的砂土震陷计算方法往往忽视这种因素,只考虑最大加速度幅值。通过编写UMAT子程序,在非线性有限元软件ABAQUS中开发亚塑性砂土边界面模型,对不同地震波类型下不同相对密度的砂土进行动单剪试验模拟,得到一系列砂土剪应变及竖向应变的时程曲线,并与室内试验结果进行对比分析。研究表明:在同一工况下,同类型的地震波引起的砂土竖向应变相近,不同类型引起的竖向应变差异明显;振动型地震波比冲击型引起的竖向应变更大。 相似文献
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在青海玉树地震之后,有大量路基出现由于液化而导致的病害问题。以青海S308线结古—曲麻莱段公路路基变形为例,通过FLAC3D数值模拟软件还原该路基在地震中的变形破坏过程,得出如下结论:(1)无地下水情况下,边坡出现明显塑性屈服的振动强度是0.6g,塑性屈服首先发生在填土厚度较薄的路基两端。(2)若砂土完全饱水,随振幅的增加,饱和砂土层液化趋势逐渐增强。振幅小于0.3g时砂土层没有液化。振幅为0.4g时5s以后砂土层出现液化;振幅大于0.5g以后,从振动的开始就出现了液化。(3)下伏饱和砂土的路基动力破坏机理为:饱和砂土层近地表处屈服屈服区在饱和砂土层中向中部扩展饱和砂土层屈服贯通饱和砂土层完全屈服填土后部首先破坏填土破坏区在填土-砂土界面向下扩展填土后部地表屈服开裂破坏区在填土内扩展。至最终破坏时,填土中后部大范围开裂屈服,但填土前部依然保持完整。 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学》2021,(5)
在大规模高铁和重载铁路建设与运营过程中,出现了一类新型黄土灾害,即机车振动、降雨和干湿循环联合作用下诱发的铁路路基黄土湿陷振陷与斜坡体崩解滑移.这对于铁路毫米级变形控制而言后果不堪设想,严重地威胁着铁路运营与人民生命安全.为此,作者提出了黄土受振动、水和干湿循环等影响下的"五促效应",即促裂、促渗、促崩(解)、促滑和促沉效应.本文主要探讨黄土振动促渗效应:开展了铁路沿线黄土斜坡的机车振动波的现场采集、处理,获得了机车振动下黄土斜坡响应规律,其中机车振动的优势频率主要集中在18～22Hz,最大振幅达0.4mm;在自主研发的振动促渗仪上开展了原状黄土的机车振动促渗试验,揭示了机车振动加快水在黄土中的渗透与提高饱和程度的振动促渗效应,其中振动作用下饱和渗透系数约为非振动下的1.5～20倍并在振动频率20Hz时达到最大;开展了黄土的振动积水入渗试验,,获得了振动作用下加速水分入渗、推进湿润锋演化以及加快气体逃逸等规律,其中振动频率、振动幅值和干密度等因素对其影响明显.以上所揭示的黄土振动促渗效应及其主控因素为探究机车振动、降雨和干湿循环联合作用触发黄土灾害机理做出了开创性的工作. 相似文献
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隧道开挖时的爆破震动对周边建筑物安全影响很大,但目前对不同爆破参数、周边建筑的距离与爆破开挖之间关系的研究成果不多,实际工程中也难以把握。以宁夏固原市某水工隧道工程为依托,采用现场试验的方法,对地表关键位置质点爆破振动频率与振动速度进行测试和分析。结果表明:(1)经测试发现房屋主振频率在10~60Hz间,而一般房屋建筑的频率均小于10Hz,说明此次试验中爆破震动不能与房屋产生共振。(2)对试验数据进行分析,并依据爆破震动规范安全振速标准进行判别,发现此次试验中土坯房的安全距离为160 m,一般砖房为60 m。研究结果可为隧道爆破的设计与施工提供理论依据,为类似隧道的爆破工程及解决由爆破引起的纠纷提供借鉴。 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献