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用最小二乘法处理泾阳台ＤＤ－１地震仪记录资料，拟合适于泾阳台由地震波持续时间求算近震震级ＭＤ的公式：ＭＤ＝２．７ｌｇｒ—２．４（Δ≤１０ｋｍ），ＭＤ＝２．２９ｌｇｒ＋０．００１１８Δ－２．２５（１０ｋｍ＜Δ≤５２０ｋｍ），并对震级ＭＬ和ＭＤ进行误差分析。 相似文献
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丽江、宁蒗强震的波速比时空演化图象和数值分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对１９９６年２月３日滇西北丽江７０级地震前波速比时空演化图象的动态追踪,同时对比了相距９０ｋｍ的１９７６年１１月７日、１２月１３日宁蒗６７、６４级地震。发现,不同作者在不同时间研究的滇西北地区这两次重复发生的强震在孕育过程中波速比的时空演化图象十分相似：强震前５～７年,强震孕震区出现波速比高值异常区;强震前３～４年,孕震区的波速比大面积低值异常;强震前１～２年左右,孕震区再次出现范围略小的波速比高值异常区;强震发生在波速比低值异常区包围的两次高值异常区重叠部位。两次强震前滇西北波速比月均值均持续低值异常数年后,在震前１年左右出现明显的偏离平均值,当高、低值异常均趋于正常时,强震的孕育进入短临阶段。进一步研究波速比高、低值异常区的数值分布,显示出：第一次高值异常区中波速比最大的地震发生在异常区的边缘;低值异常区和第二次高值异常区中波速比最小和最大的地震发生在异常区内。这些波速比最大、最小的地震距主震的距离不超过６０ｋｍ。 相似文献
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１９９２年８月１９日在北天山苏萨梅尔山脉地区发生了近１０年来最强的地震事件，其震级为Ｍ＝７．３。虽然有着很大的震中距（Δ〉３００ｋｍ），但是当这个大地震在孕育和发生阶段，在阿拉木图地震实验场的那些观测站上仍然在地下水中显示了气体化学和流体地球动力学参数的一系列变化。在地震前２￣２．５个月，在距震中３５０￣４５０ｋｍ的秋施喀拉（Чушкала）台、塔乌－土尔叠（Ｔａｙ－ＴｙｐｒｅＨｂ）台以及喀尔干（ 相似文献
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对１９９５年１月１７日日本神户的Ｍ＝７．２地震震源区的地震成象显示,存在一个覆盖约３００ｋｍ＾２,地震波速出现－５％的低值,而泊松比出现＋６％的高值的异常区,这个异常可能是由存在过压的、流体充填的和断裂的基夺所引起的,这种岩体导致了神户地震的发生。 相似文献
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应用微动态异常频次、Ｍ２波振幅比等方法,对巢湖１４＾＃井水位１９８７￣１９９７年进行了全过程的分析研究。研究结果表明：在华东几次中强震前,该井水位的微动态异常频次在地震前３￣４个月有明显增高的异常显示,而水位Ｍ２波振幅比在地震前也存在３￣４个月的下降异常。由此可以认为该井有可能成为华东及东部沿海５级以上地震的灵敏井点之一,而且在地震的短期预测方面可能会提供有益的异常信息。 相似文献
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丽江,宁蒗强震的波速比时人演化图象和数值分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对１９９６年２月３日滇西北丽江７．０级地震前波速比时空演化图象的动态追踪,同时对比了相距９０ｋｍ的１９７６年１１月７日,１２月１３日宁蒗６．７,６．４级地震。发现不同作者在不同时间研究的滇西北地区这两次重复发生的强震在孕育过程中波速比的时空演化图象十分相似：强震前５－７年,强震孕震区出现波速比高值异常区;强震前３－４年,孕震区的波速比大面积低值异常;强震前１－２年左右,孕震区再次出现范围略小的 相似文献
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云南孟连西7.3级、武定6.5级、丽江7.0级三次强震前地震波振幅比的时空演化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
１９９５年７月１２日至１９９６年２月３日短短７个月,云南地区连续发生了孟连西中缅边境７．３级、武定５．５级、丽江７．０级３次强震,本文研究了近期这几次强震前５个地震台地震图垂直分量Ｓ、Ｐ波最大振幅比的时空演化特征,动态追踪了振幅比明显偏离平稳态的突变过程。发现主震前５—８年,７级大震震中１００ｋｍ范围出现振幅比高（低）值突变,６级强震震中１３０ｋｍ范围出现振幅比高值突变,当振幅比的突变在缓升（降）的背景上骤升（降）,或突变异常的地震次数明显增加,则中长期异常进入中短期阶段。在强震震中１３０ｋｍ范围内的地震台（近台）振幅比值高达１５．２以上,而远离强震震中２５０ｋｍ以外的地震台（远台）振幅比最大值仅为９．８,近台的突变幅度至少比远台大３０％。而强震成组发生前一年半时间内,位于强震震中１１０ｋｍ范围内的近台振幅比的突变幅度比远在２５０ｋｍ外远台大５５—７５％。对振幅比的突变和时空演化特征从非线性动力学模型和模拟实验结果进行了初步成因探讨。 相似文献
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丽江7.0级地震的余震震源参数研究 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
本从ＰＤＲ－２数字化近源（６．２ｋｍ≤△≤４２ｋｍ）台网记录的丽江余震中初选了７４个地震，初定了震中位置，震中方位角。用相应的台网数据处理技术，研究了丽江地震序列的体波谱。对震级２．５≤Ｍ≤５．７、地震矩２１．４０≤ｌｏｎｇＭ０≤２３．２８的地震，得出了丽江地区地震系列的震源参数；以及Ｐ波、Ｓ波的ｌｏｇＭ０与Ｍｄ的关系式分别为：ｌｏｇＭ０＾ｐ＝０．６２Ｍｄ＋１９．９３；ｌｏｇＭ０＾ｓ＝０．５９Ｍ 相似文献
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云南是一个地震多发区。１６５２年至１９９４年间云南地区共发生６１３次破坏性地震，其中５．０—５．９级地震５５３次，６．０—６．９级地震４９次，７．０—７．９级地震１２次，８级地震１次。云南的破坏性地震除了直接造成人员伤亡和建（构）筑物破坏外，还在震区形成包括滚石、崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、地面沉陷和喷砂冒水等地面破坏现象，这些地面破坏造成人员伤亡，毁坏建筑物和农田，形成云南破坏性地震灾害特点。云南地区破坏性地震的人员伤亡和地面破坏主要集中发生在滇中、滇西北和滇西南地区。根据统计分析，云南地区破坏性地震的平均人员伤亡人数（Ｎ）与地震震级（Ｍ）的关系为：ｌｇＮ＝１．５Ｍ－７．４。人员伤亡数（Ｎ）与震中距Ｄ（ｋｍ）的关系为：ｌｇＮ＝０．８－０．０２７Ｄ（６．０—６．９级地震）和ｌｇＮ＝３．２－０．０５Ｄ（７级以上地震）。出现地面破坏现象的最大震中距离（Ｄｍａｘ）和震级的关系为：Ｄｍａｘ（ｋｍ）＝５２Ｍ－２９８（地表裂缝）；Ｄｍａｘ（ｋｍ）＝１８Ｍ－９３（崩塌滑坡）；Ｄｍａｘ（ｋｍ）＝５０Ｍ－２８１（滚石）。 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(12)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献