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1.
河南省近50年来旱涝变化的多时间尺度分析 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
用小波变换方法分析了河南省近50年来月降水量距平序列的多时间尺度结构,对河南省旱、涝的时频变化特征进行了初步研究.结果表明,河南降水除了具有6～9个月的自然周期变化外,还存在准2 a、4～8 a的中小时间尺度和20 a左右的大时间尺度周期变化,且小时间尺度周期变化在所讨论的时间域中呈不均匀分布. 相似文献
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《贵州气象》2010,(Z2)
根据1959-1998年当阳市的日平均气温、日降水量以及同期水稻产量资料,采用morlet复值小波变换与小波功率谱方法,分析了近40 a来当阳市水稻气候产量、降水量以及气温的多时间尺度的时频特征,并采用交叉小波方法探讨了气候产量与降水量、气温的相关。研究结果表明:水稻气候产量与降水量均具有5 a以及2-4 a的显著周期变化,与气温均存在2-4 a的显著周期变化,而且气候产量与降水量、气温在时域分布上也存在着某些相似性特征;气候产量与降水量、气温存在着密切的相关,相关关系随振荡周期尺度的不同而不同,且气候产量与降水量在5 a和9 a时间尺度上的相关程度最大,与气温在11 a时间尺度的相关程度最大;气候产量与降水量在2~4 a、6~10 a、11 a以及16~20 a时间尺度上呈负相关而在准5 a时间尺度上呈正相关,与气温在2~4 a、6~8 a、10~12 a以及16~20 a时间尺度上呈正相关而在准5 a以及9 a时间尺度上呈负相关。 相似文献
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为了解天山和阿尔泰山长期气候变化特征，利用基于树轮资料的25条历史气候序列，集成重建了天山和阿尔泰山近150 a的年降水量和夏季气温变化情况。结果显示：20世纪上半叶是天山区域极端气候年份频现时期，而阿尔泰山极端气候年份在20世纪上下半叶分布数量相当且在19世纪下半叶相对较少。两个山系极端低值气候年份的一致性更好,且与部分历史记录吻合。天山在过去150 a内大致经历了5个偏干时期和5个偏湿时期，以及3个偏冷时期和3个偏暖时期；阿尔泰山则经历了5个偏干时期和6个偏湿时期，以及4个偏冷时期和4个偏暖时期。此外，除均存在2～6 a左右的变化周期外，天山年降水量重建序列存在27～30 a和38～39 a的变化周期，夏季平均气温重建序列存在10.5 a、53.5 a和63.7 a的变化周期；阿尔泰山夏季均温存在12.6 a的变化周期。分析表明，ENSO对天山和阿尔泰山年降水量有显著影响，而太阳黑子数与阿尔泰山夏季气温呈滞后负相关关系。 相似文献
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利用贵州省17个站1959-2005年的逐月降水资料,对贵州近47a来降水的气候特征及春夏秋冬4个季节的降水变化特征进行了小波分析研究,并对未来降水变化趋势进行了估计.分析得出,贵州省各个季节和年降水都存在多时间尺度特征,21a左右时间尺度的周期振荡明显,且具有全域性.春季降水变化的显著时间尺度是8a和21a;夏季降水在4a的时间尺度上具有第1主周期;秋季、冬季和全年降水分别在21a、2a和5a的时间尺度上具有第1主周期.预计除了夏季降水在近期会逐渐增多,其它季节和年降水量的总体趋势将减小. 相似文献
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郑州近54年降水变化的多时间尺度分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用Morlet小波分析方法,对1951~2004年郑州市年降水距平时间序列的小波变化特征进行分析,揭示降水变化的多时间尺度结构,分析其中存在的主要周期振荡和突变点,并与功率谱分析结果进行比较。结果表明:郑州市年降水存在多时间尺度的周期变化特征,郑州市年平均降水存在3 a、准5 a、准9 a和准21 a的主周期。郑州市降水变化存在着明显的多时间尺度,即年代际尺度和年际尺度的周期性变化。郑州市降水变化还显示出自己的突变点分布及其位相结构。在降水量总趋势下降的前提下,2004年后的一段时间还将处在一个偏多期。 相似文献
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利用了Morlet连续小波变换分析了景德镇市1953～2002年共50a年降水的多时间尺度变化特征,并利用Yamamoto检验法对突变点进行了真假性检验.结果显示,景德镇市年降水变化包含了多个不同时间尺度的周期变化和演变特征.年降水包含了17a、5a、7a、9a和4a的周期振荡;涝年或旱年主要取决于年际尺度(7a及7a以下)的周期变化;目前及今后2～3a景德镇市的年降水呈偏少的趋势;小波变换系数的零点不一定就是突变点,景德镇市年降水小波变化17a时间尺度的突变点发生在1958年和1992年. 相似文献
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湖南省近50年来旱涝变化的多时间多尺度分析 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
用小波变换方法分析了河南省近５０年来月降水量距平序列的多时间尺度结构,对河南省旱、涝的时频变化特征进行了初步研究。结果表明,河南降水降了具有６～９个月的自然周期变化外,还存在准２ａ、４～８ａ的中小时间尺度和２０ａ左右的大时间尺度周期变化,且小时间尺度周期变化在所讨论的时间域中呈不均匀分布。 相似文献
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新疆年降水量的时空变化特征 总被引：12，自引：5，他引：7
根据新疆1961—2005年88个气象站点的年降水量资料,采用气候趋势系数、Kendall-τ检验、REOF/RPCA、Morlet小波分析以及交叉谱分析等方法,分析了新疆年降水量的变化趋势,并对年降水量场进行客观分区。新疆年降水量场可划分为6个子区域:北疆西部及北疆沿天山型、中天山及吐鲁番盆地型、南疆西部型、北疆北部及东天山型、塔里木盆地型、南疆东南部型。在此基础上,研究了新疆年降水量变化的区域特征和年代际、年际变化的多时间尺度的周期特征,并分析了各子气候区平均年降水量变化之间的相关关系。结果表明,新疆大部分区域最干旱时段在1960—1970年代。1980年代以来,除沙漠盆地外,新疆年降水不同程度地呈现出显著增加趋势。新疆各子气候区平均年降水量的年代际或年际周期变化并非均相同,而且具有显著的6年准耦合振荡。北疆西部沿天山与中天山在多个频域段上具有显著的耦合振荡,其次是与北疆北部及东天山也具有较好的耦合振荡,与南疆西部具有显著的5,6年的反位相耦合振荡,与塔里木盆地仅在6年周期中具有显著的反位相耦合关系。除6年的耦合振荡外,新疆年降水量自然气候分区的异常变化大多从北向南,从西向东依次出现。 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献