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1.
2006年7月3日豫北区域性大暴雨数值模拟与诊断分析 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
利用1°×1°NCEP再分析资料和WRF中尺度数值模式对2006年7月3日豫北区域性大暴雨过程进行了数值模拟,并结合常规观测资料和中尺度模式输出结果对这次大暴雨过程进行了初步分析.结果表明:这次过程是在西风槽与副热带高压共同影响的天气形势下,由中低层切变线、地面倒槽等影响系统共同作用的结果;大暴雨发生在高温、高湿、强不稳定的有利环境中;副高边缘西南急流将海上充沛的水汽输送到豫北地区并在此汇集,造成豫北上空强降水期间稳定维持深厚的湿层;同一地区高低层出现的正负涡度柱、散度柱耦合结构和剧烈的上升运动,导致不稳定能量快速释放,产生大暴雨;垂直螺旋度的分布和强度变化对暴雨落区和强度变化有很好的指示性. 相似文献
2.
利用三重嵌套的非静力中尺度数值模式MM5V3.5,对2005年5月31日至6月1日贵州省发生的一次大暴雨天气过程进行数值模拟,并利用模拟结果对该过程进行诊断分析。结果表明:模式较好地模拟这次大暴雨过程,并对与暴雨过程相关的中尺度系统的发生发展做出了较成功的模拟,此次过程中,西南涡是造成大暴雨的主要影响系统。对中尺度系统的模拟表明:强降水与强上升运动区及正涡度区有很好的对应关系,低层辐合、高层辐散、西南低空急流、垂直运动增强等是此次暴雨维持和发展的重要机制之一。强降水与水汽辐合的大值密切相关,降水的强弱与辐合的强弱变化一致。 相似文献
3.
2019年超强台风“利奇马”引发浙江特大暴雨过程分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用NCEP FNL 0.25°×0.25°的再分析资料和浙江省中尺度气象站降水资料,从产生强降水的条件来对“利奇马”特大暴雨过程进行诊断分析。结果表明:(1)强降水主要集中在近台风中心的西南部分及其稍远的北部,其中近台风中心为眼壁降水,北部为螺旋云带降水;(2)850~925 hPa水汽通量辐合中心与暴雨落区一致,水汽辐合强度差异是造成台风眼壁强降水落区差异的关键;(3)台风强度大时近中心上升运动强烈,正垂直螺旋度中心值的减小和中心下降对应强降水的发生,低层正螺旋度和高层负螺旋度中心的重叠区对对流性降水落区有一定的指示;(4)本次过程地形增益最明显地区在台州北部,在水汽条件处于劣势情况下出现降水副中心。 相似文献
4.
2008年“7.02”滇中大暴雨的成因诊断与数值模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用常规观测、NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料、云图、多普勒雷达回波和WRF模式对2008年7月2日滇中大暴雨进行成因诊断和数值模拟。结果表明:对流层高层的干侵入和中低层冷、暖平流交汇诱发副热带高压和滇缅高压间辐合低涡迅猛发展成强中尺度对流辐合体,加上中低层来自孟加拉湾的丰富水汽输送和中低层强水汽辐合共同引发此次大暴雨。过程中,垂直螺旋度贡献主要在中层;干位涡呈现出对流层顶强正高位涡,300 hPa以下为次正高位涡,两者之间为负区的柱状分布特征,次正高位涡强中心有向下层延伸特征。WRF较好地模拟了整个大暴雨过程中强降水主体时段和大暴雨落区特点,最大对流有效位能变化趋势对强降水有较好预示作用,模拟方案在积分30小时内效果较好。 相似文献
5.
使用NCEP 1°×1°6h再分析格点资料和气象台站实测降水资料,采用WRF中尺度数值模式,对2005年8月14日20时至15日08时发生在十堰市的一次大暴雨过程进行了数值模拟与诊断分析,并着重分析了大暴雨的成因。结果表明：此次大暴雨是在西太平洋副热带高压、中高纬西风槽合理配置以及稳定有利的环流形势下发生的,同时与台风低压活动关系密切;东南风急流将低纬度地区暖湿气流输送到高纬度地区,使台风低压长时间维持,为强降水发生发展提供了水汽来源;低层辐合、高层辐散的配置有利于对流发展和低层水汽向高空输送;螺旋度正值中心的出现对未来3h强降水出现有一定的预示作用,螺旋度正值对暴雨落区有较好的指示性,主要暴雨区出现在螺旋度正值中心前方。 相似文献
6.
热带风暴莲花外围特大暴雨的成因分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用1°×1°的NCEP再分析资料计算螺旋度、湿位涡及各种基本物理量,并结合多普勒雷达资料,对0903号热带风暴莲花外围环流在粤东引发特大暴雨过程进行追踪和诊断分析,探讨此次特大暴雨天气发生、发展的热力学和动力学机制以及雷达回波特征。分析结果表明：台风低槽外围的西南急流为特大暴雨提供了充沛的水汽条件和热力条件;暴雨区上空中低层（）θ_（se）/（）p〉0,存在明显的等θ_（se）陡立面,同时该区上空低层MPV为高负值区,两者结合可见特大暴雨区上空存在强对流性不稳定层结;而低空强辐合、高空强辐散的高低空形势配置、中尺度次级环流以及强烈的旋转上升运动为此次特大暴雨提供了重要的动力机制。分析还表明：高θ_（se）舌和MPV低舌出现叠加的区域和时间与特大暴雨落区和发生时段有很好的一致性;垂直螺旋度中低层正值中心和高层负值中心与特大暴雨中心区域对应较好;强降水最易发生在旋转上升运动迅速加强发展的时间段里;天气雷达在暴洪预报中的运用,有利地追踪了暴雨系统的演变过程,回波特征显示此次特大暴雨是由高降水率配合较长降水持续时间产生。 相似文献
7.
一次区域性大暴雨过程中尺度诊断分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用实况降水、FY-2C资料、实时探空、NECP/NCAR再分析资料对2009年8月2—5日川渝地区大暴雨过程主要环流系统、水汽输送特征,以及湿位涡和垂直螺旋度演变特征进行了诊断分析。结果表明：此次强降水环流背景是高空槽东移,耦合了＂天鹅＂台风动力阻塞维持在川渝地区的西南低涡,南侵的冷空气和西南急流输送的暖湿气流交汇,形成明显的气旋性辐合,导致不断有中小尺度对流系统的生成、发展,且降水过程中一直维持较好的水汽输送条件;湿位涡对本次降水落区有较好的指示意义,由于强降水湿位涡负值中心上空的大尺度下沉气流、强上升气流的倾斜程度和最大锋生强迫区的位置和强度,强降水落区（重庆西部）位于负值中心（四川盆地）暖气流一侧;垂直螺旋度发展演变与暴雨有着密切的关系,当螺旋度等值线密集（稀疏）时,强降水发生（减弱或结束）,且暴雨发生时,总是伴随着高（低）空正（负）垂直螺旋度的耦合发生。 相似文献
8.
利用NECP 1°×1°网格点数据资料以及卫星云图、雷达回波、区域加密自动站资料等,对2009年5月10日山东大暴雨过程进行诊断分析。结果表明:西太平洋高压加强西伸,与西风带系统结合,使中低层切变线稳定少动和降水持续,西太平洋高压外围的西南气流为暴雨区提供了充足的水汽来源;暴雨区出现在水汽通量大值区长轴方向前端、水汽通量辐合区、水汽通量矢量气旋式弯曲拐角处以及强上升速度中心区;低层辐合、高层辐散垂直结构的移动方向为水汽辐合中心的长轴方向,当其长轴前方辐合减弱时,这种垂直结构趋于减弱;地面风速辐合线在鲁西北黄河沿岸的稳定维持对大暴雨落区具有较好的指示意义,中尺度雨团位于风速辐合线西段1个纬距左右,中尺度对流云团与中尺度雨团有较好的对应关系;强回波位于850 hPa切变线东侧,与地面中尺度辐合线、中尺度雨带位置相同,回波移动方向与回波伸展方向一致,形成典型的列车效应,是造成强降水的重要原因之一。 相似文献
9.
利用雷达、卫星、地面自动站和NCEP再分析资料,对2015年6月16日皖江东部地区的一次暴雨过程进行分析。结果表明：1） 暴雨过程是在贝加尔湖高压脊稳定维持,以及西太平洋副热带高压稳定少动、500 hPa高空槽东移、低层低涡切变维持和新生、高低空急流耦合、地面中尺度辐合系统稳定维持等十分有利的环流背景形势下产生的。2） 中低层的西南急流旺盛对暴雨过程有重要作用;K指数大值区、800—900 hPa高度内水汽辐合中心与强降水发生区域、时间都有很好的对应关系。高层强辐散中心有利于抽吸机制增强,平均散度的辐合层越厚,强降水越易发生。3） 暴雨产生于梅雨锋南侧湿中性层结。降水增强时,θse锋区增强,低层垂直涡度显著发展,600 hPa高度层以下正涡度增长一倍, 垂直涡度的耦合强迫是湿中性层结下中尺度强暴雨系统发展的动力机制。梅雨锋南侧存在经向垂直反环流,北侧为经向垂直正环流,两支次级环流上升支在暴雨区汇合加强,为大暴雨创造了有利的动力条件。4） 此次暴雨受沿江地区活跃的梅雨锋云带影响,TBB中心值小于-52 ℃的对流云团位于地面辐合线两侧,中尺度雨团位于TBB低值中心梯度区和地面辐合线上及其右侧东南气流中,冷空气南下后雨团位于辐合线北侧东北气流中。5） 发展旺盛、降水效率较高的多个对流单体依次向东移动经过皖江东部地区,形成“列车效应”,造成局地大暴雨。降水强度和西南暖湿气流的强度及持续时间密切相关。 相似文献
10.
针对强降水业务预报工作的实际需求,利用常规观测站和区域自动站逐小时降水资料及欧洲中心(ECMWF)细网格数值预报产品,采用水平螺旋度、水汽通量及水汽通量散度对2017年7月26—27日发生在青海省的强降水天气过程进行预报应用分析。结果表明:水平螺旋度、水汽通量及水汽通量散度与降水的发生发展和强降水中心有较好的对应关系;500 h Pa正水平螺旋度强度对降水强度的变化有一定的指示性,负水平螺旋度强度偏强时可以很好地指示强降水中心位置;水汽通量大值区内水汽辐合强度越强,降水强度也越强。 相似文献
11.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
12.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
13.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
14.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
17.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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19.
《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
DING Yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe Co-Chief Editors 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):669-670
As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July 1925.According to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general public.By upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific papers.Some could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields. 相似文献