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甘孜州日雨量≥50毫米的暴雨天气特少,但由于州内特殊的地形、地貌及地质结构等原因,日雨量≥25.0毫米的降水天气过程就足以造成灾害,所以将州内的暴雨标准确定为日雨量≥25.0毫米,24小时内有≥4站出现暴雨定为一次区域性暴雨天气过程.本文从地面、高空影响系统、数值预报产品特征及本地能量特征、客观预报结论等方面对今年"6.17"区域性暴雨天气过程进行分析总结. 相似文献
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以2007-2008年湖北省暴雨过程为研究对象,按区域性暴雨过程的定义,通过分析地面雨量资料筛选出32次区域性暴雨过程.在对比分析多普勒天气雷达反射率因子回波形态、结构、暴雨落区以及主要影响天气系统的基础上,概括了湖北省区域性暴雨雷达回波模型.结果表明:典型区域性暴雨雷达回波形态有逗点状暴雨回波、涡旋状暴雨回波、涡带结合型暴雨回波和带状暴雨回波等4类,它们分别与锋面上中尺度气旋波扰动、川东低涡系统的发展、低涡发展与梅雨锋结合和气旋波上准静止锋面切变线的形成等紧密相关. 相似文献
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统计分析了郑州市7站自建站始至2005年的全部暴雨天气过程,结果显示:暴雨天气发生在夏半年(4~10月);单站暴雨年平均1.3~2.8次,区域性暴雨年平均1.5次;郑州地区暴雨出现次数南部多于北部,东部多于西部,其中登封是郑州市出现暴雨次数最多的测站;暴雨次数的年际变化呈明显波动形势;造成郑州市夏季暴雨的主要天气系统有低槽型、切变线型、副高西伸型、台风或台风倒槽型等。 相似文献
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甘孜州日雨量≥50毫米的暴雨天气特少，但由于州内特殊的地形、地貌及地质结构等原因，日雨量≥25．0毫米的降水天气过程就足以造成灾害，所以将州内的暴雨标准确定为日雨量≥25．0毫米，24小时内有≥4站出现暴雨定为一次区域性暴雨天气过程。本文从地面、高空影响系统、数值预报产品特征及本地能量特征、客观预报结论等方面对今年“6．17”区域性暴雨天气过程进行分析总结。 相似文献
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利用1962—2010年珠海市降雨资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,应用小波分析、相关分析等统计方法,对珠海市暴雨天气气候特征及其影响系统进行分析。结果表明,珠海市白天发生暴雨的次数比夜间多,但夜间暴雨的雨量比白天大;大部分暴雨都出现在汛期,汛期暴雨具有次数多、雨量大的特点;暴雨占全年总降雨的比率越来越大,近阶段容易出现旱涝急转的气象灾害。普查分析得出,影响珠海市暴雨的天气形势可分为热带气旋型、锋面低槽型、低空急流型、高空槽和切变线型、辐合带北抬型、副高边缘和东风波型等。 相似文献
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广东前汛期持续性暴雨的变化特征及其环流形势 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
利用1961-2011年广东省86个测站地面观测逐日降水资料及1979-2011年NCEP-DOE第2套分析资料,提出了广东暴雨日的定义指标,分析了近51a广东前汛期及其各月持续性暴雨的变化特征,进一步诊断了持续性暴雨过程的环流特征和水汽输送来源.结果表明,广东暴雨新指标避免了原指标定义存在的不合理情况和需要人工操作等问题,并且得到的广东暴雨日数及暴雨累积雨量的年际变化更能反映广东的旱涝情况.51a平均前汛期持续性暴雨过程在4、5、6月分别占10%、29%和61%,20世纪60年代后期至80年代持续性暴雨多发生在5月,而60年代前中期、90年代至2011年持续性暴雨则主要在6月出现,这种年代际变化是由东亚地区中低纬度大气环流系统的变化所造成的.除了过去所认识的“三脊两槽”和“两脊一槽”两种类型天气形势外,广东前汛期持续性暴雨过程的500hPa中高纬度环流还有一种“高纬阻塞-中纬平缓型”(称为Ⅲ型),Ⅲ型主要出现于6月,占6月持续性暴雨过程的22%,因此,这种环流类型的补充提出,将减少6月持续性暴雨过程的漏报现象.由于气候背景场各月有所不同,无论是三脊二槽型还是二脊一槽型,各区域槽(或脊)的相对强弱和形态也随月份有所不同,例如二脊一槽型,东北亚地区高压脊4、5、6月逐月加强向北扩展,贝加尔湖槽区逐月变宽,中低纬度阿拉伯海以东槽逐月向西移动,孟加拉湾槽、西太平洋副热带高压逐月加强.前汛期持续性暴雨过程的主要水汽来源随月份发生变化,4月热带西太平洋地区水汽来源贡献最大,5月孟加拉湾、西太平洋和中国南海的水汽都有贡献,而6月则主要来源于孟加拉湾的水汽输送.所有类型持续性暴雨过程,广东大部分地区都处于水汽通量辐合区,说明动力辐合作用和水汽来源是暴雨的必备条件,持续性暴雨是各类中高纬度环流型的稳定维持与来源于热带的水汽输送共同作用的结果. 相似文献
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中国黄土高原区域性暴雨时空变化及碎形特征 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
利用黄土高原51个测站40年日降水资料,采用REOF分析、小波分析和分维分析等方法,研究了该地区区域性暴雨的时空特征。结果表明:黄土高原区域性暴雨事件趋于减少,过程雨量加大;区域性暴雨频数演变存在4年和7~8年的振荡,以4年周期为主;在1977年区域性暴雨事件出现突变性减少,相应的短周期减弱、长周期加强。分析表明,区域性暴雨事件骤减与500 hPa高度、副热带高压和青藏高压位置关系密切;与区域性暴雨事件伴随的全区降水量存在6个空间型,各型暴雨雨量异常具有客观碎形(分形)特点,其中黄土高原西北部和东南部暴雨雨量异常偏多的分维数值较小,在黄土高原中部分维数值较大,反映出黄土高原中部暴雨异常偏多的非线性机制最为复杂,而西北部和东南部地区相对简单。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献