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风廓线雷达是当前获取大气三维风场信息的有效途径,但受其本身探测原理的约束,降水时的观测数据(尤其是边界层风廓线雷达的观测数据)将受到较大影响。为提高降水时边界层风廓线雷达数据的可信度,依据五波束探测和三波束探测原理,结合风廓线雷达功率谱再分析,建立了风廓线雷达数据筛选、填补的重处理方法,通过选取不同降水强度下的从化、潮州、阳江三个边界层风廓线雷达站的观测数据,开展了基于该方法的数据质量评估。研究结果指出:降水时虽能提高风廓线雷达的数据获取率,但风场数据质量并不一定较好(尤其是在特大暴雨时数据质量较差);经过数据重处理后,风廓线雷达的有效数据获取率得到提高,且内陆站点提升的幅度超过沿海站点;降水对2 km以下的观测数据影响较小,对于2 km以上的数据,若降水只是对部分高度造成数据缺失,则经过重处理后数据质量仍可以保持较好,但若连续多个高度数据缺失,则经过数据重处理后也不能较好地提高数据质量。 相似文献
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利用FNL全球再分析资料(Final Operational Global Analysis)、探空资料对2019年6—9月位于中国华北地区20个站点共5种型号(CFL-06、GLC-24、TWP8-L、CFL-03、CLC-11-D)的边界层风廓线雷达资料进行了质量评估。结果表明:各型号雷达均具有较强的探测能力,但不同雷达在水平风资料数据获取率以及有效探测高度上差异极大。不区分天气状况时,所有型号雷达均为V风质量优于U风质量。TWP8-L雷达U风测风质量相对最佳,CFL-03雷达紧随其后,GLC-24雷达U风测风质量最差,V风质量则差异不大,U风数据使用前需进行偏差订正以及质量控制。风廓线雷达观测对于降水较为敏感,降水使各型号雷达数据获取率在底层减小,中高层增加,增幅最大达到53％,但探测能力加强并不代表测风质量增加,统计结果表明降水是造成U风平均误差以及均方根误差较高的重要原因,其中,GLC-24、CLC-11-D雷达对降水最为敏感,降水状态相较于非降水状态均方根误差增幅均达到了5.5 m/s以上,降水情况下的U风及V风资料需进行进一步质量控制才可使用。 相似文献
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利用淮南2015年3月至2016年2月ST风廓线雷达探测资料,从雷达运行模式和不同高度数据获取率的年、季、日变化角度,对该型号雷达在山地丘陵地区的探测能力进行评估。结果表明:山地丘陵地区,ST风廓线雷达能够获取高时空分辨率的探测资料,雷达正常工作时间占比为85.6%。雷达的探测能力在边界层和对流层中层明显高于对流层高层,年平均有效探测高度约14.0 km,占雷达最大探测量程的67%。可能受大气湿度、温度影响,探测能力在5—8月和12月对流层低层变低。受大气湍流影响,探测能力综合表现为夏季较高,春季次之,秋、冬季依次降低的季节差异,以及正午较低、凌晨较高的日变化特征。 相似文献
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《青海气象》2015,(2)
利用宜春TWP3型边界层风廓线雷达2012年观测资料,统计分析了50次降水过程的风廓线雷达资料特征。从水平风向风速、垂直速度、折射率常数Cn2、径向速度、速度谱宽和信噪比SNR这六个参数分析得到:降水过程各指标呈现各自不同且与降水强度息息相关的变化特征,降水前探测高度升高、垂直速度由负转正和1km以下信噪比达到20d B可作为是否产生降雨的预示,,低空西南急流、冷暖平流的垂直方向交替变化以及Cn2达到-16m-2/3可作为中等以上量级降水的参考指标,对于短时强对流性降水,信噪比大于50d B以及出现大于4m·s-1的向下垂直速度可作为重要指示。对于弱降水过程,本文从风廓线特征方面给出预报指示特征,为降水预报准确率的提高提供新的参考。 相似文献
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《高原气象》2017,(4)
利用2013年重庆多普勒天气雷达(SA)和风廓线雷达(TWP8-L)观测的垂直风廓线数据,对晴空、弱降水、一般性降水和强降水四种不同天气条件下垂直风廓线特征及其演变情况进行了分析。结果表明:(1)风廓线雷达的探测高度随降水增加逐渐增加;(2)晴空天气条件下,边界层(1 km以下)风向存在明显的日变化,夜间以偏东气流为主,白天以偏南气流为主,高空(3 km以上)为一致的偏西气流,风速较小;(3)弱降水天气条件下,边界层风向以偏东气流为主,相对较为杂乱,高空与晴空一致,中高层(1~3 km)以偏南气流为主;(4)一般性降水天气条件下,低层与弱降水较一致,而高空出现较一致的西南气流,有利于水汽输送,同时垂直切变具有较好的单一方向性,较有利于对流的发展和维持;(5)强降水天气条件下,风廓线雷达和多普勒雷达观测的垂直风廓线较为一致。降水前期风向随高度的增加逐渐由偏东气流转为偏西气流,有利于对流的触发;降水期间风切变具有很好的单一方向性并在中低层出现低空急流区,有利于对流系统的维持,同时西南气流厚度加深,也有利于水汽的输送;降水结束期风速减小,中低层风向也逐渐转为偏北气流,对流系统逐渐消亡。 相似文献
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利用临安CFL-03型边界层风廓线雷达探测资料对2017年6月23—24日的一次梅雨锋暴雨过程进行了详细分析,结果表明风廓线雷达能够揭示江淮梅雨系统中的中尺度切变线特征,低空切变线是这次暴雨过程的降水主要集中在降水前段和后段的主要原因,高空西风急流使降水得以维持发展。由功率谱数据估算的回波强度反映了此次暴雨过程的发展变化细节,降水集中区的降水云体发展深厚,达到5 km以上。垂直速度和大气折射率结构常数(C_n~2)与降水的变化趋势一致,10 mm的降水量对应的垂直速度接近7 m/s,C_n~2对数值接近-11。由于与降水的良好对应关系,风廓线雷达产品可以应用于强降水灾害天气的监测业务。 相似文献
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风廓线雷达测量性能分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从雷达探测理论出发,结合工作实践,从理论上计算了对流层风廓线雷达的探测高度范围、时空分辨率和测量误差,对数据获取率等方面的测量性能进行了分析.结果表明:通过对风廓线雷达的工作波形和工作模式进行恰当设计,对流层风廓线雷达的测量性能可以达到:最大探测高度12 km以上,最小探测高度150 m,高度分辨率75 m,时间分辨率... 相似文献
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本研究提出了一种在边界层风廓线雷达连续运行的降水探测时段中对降水频谱进行在线分析的新的应用方式。详细介绍了边界层风廓线雷达在线分析原理和方法。同时结合典型降水频谱个例,分析了可获得的多个潜在的气象参数和信息。并指出,该在线分析方式的实施可以使风廓线雷达的应用领域从晴空探测向降水测量拓展;有效缓解当前风廓线雷达应用存在的瓶颈问题;间接证明边界层风廓线雷达组网间距不固定的观点。文章分析说明,随着在线分析方式的推广应用,边界层风廓线雷达将成为单站精细化气象探测和预报/服务的重要工具。 相似文献
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利用2016～2017年科尔沁边界层风廓线雷达每6min的风场资料评估雷达探测性能,主要针对风廓线雷达数据获取率、风廓线雷达与常规探空探测风的相关性等进行了分析。结果表明：风廓线雷达平均数据获取率随高度的增加先增大后减小,3000米以下平均数据获取率都在60%以上。雷达探测数据存在日出后数据缺测率高,午后缺测率低的变化趋势。各层数据获取率与气温和比湿的相关系数分别在0.45和0.35左右。对比风廓线与常规高空探测数据发现：二者v分量的相关系数大于u分量；各高度层中400米到1900米的u分量的相关系数在0.4以上,500米到3400米的v分量的相关系数都在0.6以上；风廓线雷达与常规探空数据u分量相关系数随风速的增大时而减小,从春季到冬季u、v分量相关系数都呈减小趋势。各个季节中风廓线雷达与常规探空数据风速平均偏差春季最小、冬季最大。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(4):227
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献