共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
加强大气季节内振荡研究是发展延伸期预报能力的关键之一。研究表明低温形成与冬季风和冷空气的季节内振荡有密切联系。因此,本文利用192站日最低温度观测资料和ERA-Interim再分析环流资料,讨论了偏东路径南下冷空气造成的南方低温事件中准双周振荡特征及低频环流特征,并进行热力学诊断,希望提高对中高纬度地区持续性低温事件中低频信号的认识。结果显示:我国南方地区最低温度存在显著的10~20 d振荡周期,低温事件伴随低频振荡的加强而发生。1996年2月17~24日低温过程前后的低频环流场分析表明,西伯利亚及东亚上空的异常高/低压是影响我国大部分地区冬季温度的关键区,系统沿西北-东南向低频波列向下游移动,东移特征在中纬度带最明显,异常偏北风引导高纬冷空气向南推进是低温事件爆发的根本原因。垂直结构上,内陆以正压性为主,东亚沿岸表现出斜压性。热力学诊断发现温度局地变化主要受平流项和非绝热项作用,冷平流是维持低温过程的关键。 相似文献
2.
3.
利用1951～2005年冬半年（10月～次年3月）广州逐日地面气温资料及NCEP/NCAR逐日资料，采用功率谱分析、小波分析、Lanczos滤波器等方法对近55年来冬半年影响广州的强冷空气变化特征及其与低频振荡的关系进行了研究， 并用合成分析的方法建立了影响广州的强冷空气准双周振荡的大气环流模型。结果表明，虽然20世纪80年代后期以来广州冬半年升温的趋势很明显，但90年代~2003年影响广州的强冷空气次数却偏多。影响广州的强冷空气具有明显的准2～3年、9年左右的周期振荡。广州冬半年逐日气温具有明显的准单周、准双周振荡，而30～60天的振荡较弱， 且影响广州强冷空气活动主要受准双周振荡低频波控制，与我国北方的强冷空气活动主要受30～60天周期的低频波控制有明显的不同。El Ni?o (La Ni?a) 事件发生的冬半年，准双周振荡的强度以偏强 (弱) 为主，影响广州的强冷空气次数以正常至偏多(偏少)为主。所建立的广州强冷空气准双周振荡的大气环流模型较好地反映了广州强冷空气爆发前后准双周振荡不同演变阶段的大气环流及地面气压场的变化特征，可为中期预报提供参考。 相似文献
4.
《广东气象》2020,(3)
应用功率谱、Morlet小波变换和Butterworth带通滤波处理等方法,对1954—2018年台山站的年降水序列和逐日降水序列数据进行多尺度振荡特征分析。研究表明:台山站年降水量存在11～13、准4、准25年的周期振荡,前汛期降水量存在准13、2～5年的周期振荡,后汛期降水量存在7～8、准20、3～4、准11年的周期振荡。台山站逐日降水振荡基本表现为天气尺度振荡、准单周振荡、准双周振荡、季节内振荡和季节变化振荡等5种尺度,季节内及以下尺度振荡强度相当,季节变化振荡强度较弱。5种时间尺度的标准差,天气尺度最大,季节变化尺度最小,除季节变化振荡外均呈现出周期性循环特征。在汛期雨量偏少年,逐日降水较易呈现出准单周振荡和天气尺度振荡,而汛期雨量偏多年较易呈现出准双周振荡。 相似文献
5.
采用小波分析、Lanczos时间滤波器、合成分析等方法分析了2011年夏季广东季风槽暴雨与大气低频振荡的关系。结果表明,2011年夏季降水主要存在准20 d的周期振荡,季风槽暴雨过程对应强的准双周振荡。选取与夏季降水显著相关的区域（102.5~117.5 °E,20~27.5 °N）平均的500 hPa高度场作为影响广东夏季降水的“500 hPa关键区”指数,同样选取区域（110~120 °E,15~22.5 °N）平均的850 hPa风场作为“850 hPa关键区”指数;2011年夏季500 hPa关键区与850 hPa关键区分别存在显著的准23 d、准22 d周期振荡,季风槽暴雨发生在500 hPa关键区准双周振荡的波谷、850 hPa关键区准双周振荡的波峰附近。从南海南部开始的3次低频纬向风、OLR、湿度的北传与从菲律宾以东的西太平洋向西传播的低频中心相遇,导致3次季风槽暴雨过程。利用典型个例的合成分析,对2011年6—8月广东3次季风槽暴雨的准双周振荡不同位相的大气环流场的共同演变特征进行分析,它们反映了季风槽暴雨从间歇-开始-旺盛-减弱-结束期的大气环流场演变特征,为广东季风槽暴雨的中期预报提供参考依据。 相似文献
6.
Effect of the westward-propagating zonal wind anomaly on the initial development of quasi-biweekly oscillation over the South China Sea during early summer 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 《大气和海洋科学快报》2017,(1)
以往许多研究揭示了夏季西太平洋及其南海地区准双周振荡纬向西传的传播特征。然而,本研究通过对南海初夏(5-6月)准双周振荡典型事件的合成分析发现,南海初夏准双周对流和经向风异常表现为局地变化的特征,而纬向风异常却表现为纬向西传特征。通过对准双周散度异常倾向的诊断分析,表明与纬向风异常相关的效应异常项领先于准双周散度异常,可以加强准双周对流及经向风异常的强度,从而促进南海夏初准双周振荡的初始发展。 相似文献
7.
中国的江淮梅雨具有多时间尺度特征,利用1979—2017年欧洲中期预报中心逐日再分析资料(ERA-interim)和台站逐日降水观测数据,采用滤波和合成分析等统计方法,分析了江淮梅雨期间不同时间尺度强降雨过程的特征,对比研究了不同时间尺度强降水对应的大气环流系统波动的演变特征。研究表明江淮梅雨降水集中期开始前1~9天和10~20天尺度的强降水首先增多,而21~30天时间尺度的强降水在降水集中期开始增多。低频周期波动(10~20天和21~30天)比天气尺度波动可以提供更持续和更深厚的暖平流输送,触发持续时间更长的垂直运动和水汽输送,有利于持续性强降水的发生。与1~9天天气尺度波动相关的强降水主要与上游自中亚经青藏高原向下游传播并不断发展加强的Rossby波能量传播有关,青藏高原对天气尺度涡旋的增强有重要作用;对10~20天尺度强降水,高层中纬度东北亚低频反气旋环流西移南压,长时间维持在江淮地区,低层南海-西太平洋地区准双周振荡西北向传播,伴随西北太平洋副热带高压加强西伸是主要影响过程;对21~30天尺度强降水而言,江淮上空移动性环流不明显,高层反气旋性环流增强的过程与其北南两侧,即贝加尔湖及其以东地区气旋环流和南海-西太平洋气旋环流的发展移动有密切的联系,同时伴随了对流层中低层西北太平洋地区21~30天尺度低频波的西北传播。 相似文献
8.
为了做好广东2—3月低温阴雨的中期与延伸期预报,该文分析了1953—2011年广州低温阴雨年景变化与广东低温阴雨年景变化的关系,并采用小波分析、相关分析等方法探讨了12月—次年4月广州逐日气温的低频振荡及与低温阴雨的关系。结果表明:广州低温阴雨的年景变化与广东年景一致的相同率达94.9%(56/59)。轻度低温阴雨年份,12月—次年4月广州逐日气温主要存在8.0~18.3 d显著周期,而中等及严重年份主要存在10.1~28.4 d及30~89.6 d的振荡。2—3月长低温阴雨主要与18 d以上的周期振荡有关,尤其与45 d以上的季节内振荡强度变化密切相关。利用典型个例的合成分析,建立了长低温阴雨30~64 d季节内振荡的天气概念模型,它们反映了长低温阴雨回暖—降温—开始—维持—结束的大气环流演变特征,其中乌拉尔山—贝加尔湖以西的阻塞高压可作为广东出现长低温阴雨的500 hPa前兆信号。 相似文献
9.
2002年夏季中高纬大气准双周振荡对华南降水的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用JRA55大气再分析资料和TRMM卫星降水资料,分析了2002年夏季（5~8月）华南地区降水的低频振荡特征,重点揭示了对其影响显著的中高纬大气季节内振荡的环流结构及演变。小波和功率谱分析表明,2002年夏季华南降水表现为主周期为10~30 d的准双周低频振荡。典型低频降水事件及合成分析指出,准双周降水的强（弱）变化除了受低空西北太平洋副热带高压西伸进入（东移退出）南海的影响以外,还显著地依赖于中高纬地区高空大气环流的季节内振荡。在对流层高层,中高纬度地区存在一支自大西洋经欧亚大陆的气旋—反气旋相间排列的低频波列。该波列在欧亚大陆地区向东南传播,当异常反气旋和气旋分别位于青藏高原和华北上空时,这种偶极型环流之间的高空辐散场有利于华南地区上升运动的发展,因而华南降水偏强;反之,华南降水偏弱。研究还表明,低频波列南移造成了对流层异常温度平流和副热带高层异常绝对涡度的变化,使得华南地区上升与下沉运动交替出现以及相应的经向环流圈反转,从而导致华南准双周振荡干湿位相的转换。局地异常感热加热对干湿位相转换也起一定作用。时滞相关分析发现,当青藏高原地区500 hPa位势高度异常场超前于华南异常降水4 d（即位相差为1/4周期）时,二者出现显著正相关,表明青藏高原地区500 hPa位势高度异常对预测华南地区季节内降水变化有潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
10.
2010年10月海南发生了自1951年以来最严重的持续性暴雨灾害。对该持续性暴雨事件的天气特征以及大气准双周振荡对其的影响进行了诊断分析。结果表明,2010年10月海南发生的两次暴雨过程都与热带辐合带的低压系统有关。10月上旬海南暴雨过程的水汽主要来源于南海北部和菲律宾东面的热带西太平洋,而10月中的暴雨过程的水汽除了来源于台湾-菲律宾东面的热带西太平洋外,还有源于印度洋经中南半岛南部再转向北上的水汽输送。海南持续性暴雨天气过程与热带大气的准双周振荡有关。加里曼丹岛和菲律宾南部附近地区的大气准双周低频振荡的产生及其西北向传播对海南岛的两次持续性暴雨过程有重要的影响。2010年在赤道中东太平洋发生的La Ni?a现象使得9、10月热带东印度洋-西太平洋的对流活动异常活跃,有利于大气准双周低频振荡的产生。 相似文献
11.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
12.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
13.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
14.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
15.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
16.
17.
<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
18.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
19.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献