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ＳｏｍｅＡｓｐｅｃｔｓｏｆｔｈｅＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆＭｏｎｓｏｏｎＤｉｓｔｕｒｂａｎｃｅｓＵｓｉｎｇａＣｏｍｂｉｎｅｄＢａｒｏｔｒｏｐｉｃ－ＢａｒｏｃｌｉｎｉｃＭｏｄｅｌ￥Ｎ．Ｒ．ＰａｒｉｊａａｎｄＳ．Ｋ．Ｄａｓｈ（ＣｅｎｔｒｅｆｏｒＡ... 相似文献
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ＥＮＳＯ,ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒｌｙｔｈｅｏｃｃｕｒｅｎｃｅｏｆＥＮＳＯｉｓｓｔｉｌａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｎｃｌｉｍａｔｉｃｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎ．ＵｓｉｎｇｔｈｅＥＣＭＷＦｄａｔａ,ｔｈｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｂｅｔｗｅｎＥＮＳＯａｎｄｔｈｅａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓｏｆｌｏｗ－ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｗａｖｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅｉｓａｎａｌｙｚｅｄｉｎｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒ．ＩｔｉｓｓｈｏｗｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅｏｃｕｒｅｎｃｅｏｆＥＮＳＯｉｓｃｌｏｓｅｌｙｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｉｎｔｒａｓｅａｓｏｎａｌｏｓｃｉｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅｑｕａｓｉ－ｓｔａｔｉｏｎａｒｙｗａｖｅｓ（ｔｈｅｐｅｒｉｏｄ＞９０ｄａｙｓ）ｉｎｔｈｅｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ．ＡｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｏｃｕｒｅｎｃｅｏｆＥｌＮｉｎｏｅｖｅｎｔ,ｔｈｅｋｉｎｅｔｉｃｅｎｅｒｇｙｏｆｌｏｗ－ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｗａｖｅｓｈａｓｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎ：ｔｈｅｋｉｎｅｔｉｃｅｎｅｒｇｙｏｆａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｉｎｔｒａｓｅａｓｏｎａｌ（３０－６０ｄａｙｓ）ｏｓｃｉｌａｔｉｏｎ 相似文献
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１．ＢａｃｋｇｒｏｕｎｄＡｇｌｏｂａｌｏｃｅａｎ－ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ－ｌａｎｄｓｙｓｔｅｍｇｅｎｅｒａｌｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎｍｏｄｅｌ（ＧＣＭ）ｈａｓｂｅｅｎｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄｉｎｔｈｅＳｔａｔｅＬａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｏｆＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌＭｏｄ... 相似文献
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Ｔｈｅ Ｅａｓｔ Ａｓｉａｎ Ｍｏｎｓｏｏｎ Ｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｗｉｔｈ ＩＡＰ ＡＧＣＭｓ－Ａ Ｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｅ ＳｔｕｄｙＷａｎｇＨｕｉｊｕｎａｎｄＢｉＸｕｎｑｉａｎｇ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃＰｈｙｓｉｃｓ（ＩＡＰ），... 相似文献
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ＯｎｔｈｅＥｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆＦｉｎｉｔｅ－ａｍｐｌｉｔｕｄｅＤｉｓｔｕｒｂａｎｃｅｔｏｔｈｅＢａｒｏｔｒｏｐｉｃａｎｄＢａｒｏｃｌｉｎｉｃＱｕａｓｉｇｅｏｓｔｒｏｐｈｉｃＦｌｏｗｓ①ＭｕＭｕ（穆穆）ａｎｄＸｉａｎｇＪｉｅ（项杰）ＬＡＳＧ,Ｉｎｓｔ... 相似文献
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Man-Computer Interactive Method on Cloud Classification Based on Bispectral Satellite Imagery 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《大气科学进展》1997,(3)
Ｍａｎ－ＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＩｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｖｅＭｅｔｈｏｄｏｎＣｌｏｕｄＣｌａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎＢａｓｅｄｏｎＢｉｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌＳａｔｅｌｉｔｅＩｍａｇｅｒｙＹｕＦａｎ（郁凡），ＬｉｕＣｈａｎｇｓｈｅｎｇ（刘长盛）ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｔｍｏ... 相似文献
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Ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｉｔｙ Ｓｔｕｄｙ ｏｆ Ｎｏｎｌｏｃａｌ Ｔｕｒｂｕｌｅｎｃｅ ＣｌｏｓｕｒｅＳｃｈｅｍｅ ｉｎ Ｌｏｃａｌ ＣｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎＣｈｅｎＭｉｎｇａｎｄＨｏｎｅＺｈｏｎｇｘｉａｎｇ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃＰｈ... 相似文献
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Yong L. McHall 《大气科学进展》1994,11(2):251-251
ＡｎＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｔｏｔｈｅＮｅｗＢｏｏｋ－ＧＥＯＳＴＲＯＰＨＩＣＷＡＶＥＣＩＲＣＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＳ￥Ｙｏｎｇ．Ｌ．ＭｃＨａｌｌＤｅｐｔ．ｏｆＥａｒｔｈ，ＡｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃａｎｄＰｌａｎｅｔａｒｙＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ＭＩＴＰｕｂｌｉｓｈｅｄ... 相似文献
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Wen Jingsong 《大气科学进展》1995,12(2):187-194
ＴｈｅＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＷｅａｋＳｈｅａｒ－ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄＭｏｔｉｏｎｏｎＢｒｏｗｎｉａｎＣｏａｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆＡｅｒｏｓｏｌＰａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓＷｉｎｊｉｎｇｓｏｎｓ（Ｃ．Ｓ．Ｗｉｎ）（温景嵩）（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ，Ｎａｎｋａｉ... 相似文献
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Youngseob Kim Karine Sartelet Jean-Christophe Raut Patrick Chazette 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2013,149(1):105-132
Meteorological modelling in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) over Greater Paris is performed using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) numerical model. The simulated meteorological fields are evaluated by comparison with mean diurnal observational data or mean vertical profiles of temperature, wind speed, humidity and boundary-layer height from 6 to 27 May 2005. Different PBL schemes, which parametrize the atmospheric turbulence in the PBL using different turbulence closure schemes, may be used in the WRF model. The sensitivity of the results to four PBL schemes (two non-local closure schemes and two local closure schemes) is estimated. Uncertainties in the PBL schemes are compared to the influence of the urban canopy model (UCM) and the updated Coordination of Information on the Environment (CORINE) land-use data. Using the UCM and the CORINE land-use data produces more realistic modelled meteorological fields. The wind speed, which is overestimated in the simulations without the UCM, is improved below 1,000 m height. Furthermore, the modelled PBL heights during nighttime are strongly modified, with an increase that may be as high as 200 %. At night, the impact of changing the PBL scheme is lower than the impact of using the UCM and the CORINE land-use data. 相似文献
12.
Intercomparison of Planetary Boundary-Layer Parametrizations in the WRF Model for a Single Day from CASES-99 总被引：11，自引：6，他引：5
This study compares five planetary boundary-layer (PBL) parametrizations in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) numerical
model for a single day from the Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study (CASES-99) field program. The five schemes include
two first-order closure schemes—the Yonsei University (YSU) PBL and Asymmetric Convective Model version 2 (ACM2), and three
turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) closure schemes—the Mellor–Yamada–Janjić (MYJ), quasi-normal scale elimination (QNSE), and
Bougeault–Lacarrére (BouLac) PBL. The comparison results reveal that discrepancies among thermodynamic surface variables from
different schemes are large at daytime, while the variables converge at nighttime with large deviations from those observed.
On the other hand, wind components are more divergent at nighttime with significant biases. Regarding PBL structures, a non-local
scheme with the entrainment flux proportional to the surface flux is favourable in unstable conditions. In stable conditions,
the local TKE closure schemes show better performance. The sensitivity of simulated variables to surface-layer parametrizations
is also investigated to assess relative contributions of the surface-layer parametrizations to typical features of each PBL
scheme. In the surface layer, temperature and moisture are more strongly influenced by surface-layer formulations than by
PBL mixing algorithms in both convective and stable regimes, while wind speed depends on vertical diffusion formulations in
the convective regime. Regarding PBL structures, surface-layer formulations only contribute to near-surface variability and
then PBL mean properties, whereas shapes of the profiles are determined by PBL mixing algorithms. 相似文献
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The Role of Planetary Boundary-Layer Parameterizations in the Air Quality of an Urban Area with Complex Topography 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Elizabeth Bossioli Maria Tombrou Aggeliki Dandou Eleni Athanasopoulou Kostas V. Varotsos 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2009,131(1):53-72
The effect of different planetary boundary-layer (PBL) parameterization schemes on the spatial distribution of atmospheric
pollution over the complex topography of the greater Athens area is investigated. Four PBL schemes originally implemented
in a numerical meteorological model and a fifth one simulating the urban effect are examined. Two different atmospheric conditions
are analyzed; a typical summer and a typical winter pollution episode. The relative importance of chemical and physical processes
of the pollution predictions is discussed using process analysis. It is revealed that, for primary pollutants, a local scheme
seems more adequate to represent the maximum observed concentrations while, completely different in structure, a non-local
scheme reproduces the mean observed values in the basin. Concerning secondary pollutants, peak concentration differences,
due to the different PBL schemes, are smoothed out. Nevertheless, the PBL scheme selection shapes the horizontal and the vertical
extension of maximum values. The non-local and semi non-local schemes are superior to the others, favouring strong vertical
mixing and transport towards the surface. The stronger turbulence accommodated effectively by the semi non-local urban scheme
enhances ozone production along the sea-breeze axis and preserves the high ozone concentrations during the nighttime hours
in the urban core. 相似文献
14.
本文建立一个三维非静力边界层模式对杭州湾附近复杂地形域区进行了数值模拟。要用常用的能量闭合和一 新的非局地反梯度闭合方案结合实测资料,以验证不同闭合方案模拟实际大气的能力,进一步分析三维边界层模式的效能结果表明,两种闭合方案都能较好的模拟澳陆环流及温度场,而反梯度闭合比能量闭合更能细致、敏感的模拟湍流场随地形的变化,且模拟结果与实测接近。 相似文献
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Numerical experiments have shown that large-eddy-simulation models (LES) are able to reproduce the common features of convective boundary layers (CBL) quite well. Models which cannot resolve the convective motions due to their grid structure (1D-models or models with coarse horizontal and/or vertical resolution) have to take into account the effects of large eddies within their subgrid diffusion terms. Turbulent fluxes are frequently parameterized through first-order-closure methods (K-theory). Recently, non-local closure schemes have also been developed. In this paper we compare 1D-and 2D-models using different local and non-local first-order closure methods. The analysis is carried out for the case of an idealized cold air outbreak (CAO). One of the non-local closures is based on the so-called transilient turbulence theory. The reference states are given by a bulk-model and a 2D-model which resolves the large eddies explicitly. A comparison of the results is presented for characteristic quantities such as evolution of boundary-layer height and surface heat flux as well as mean wind and temperature profiles. It is found that simple local first-order closure does not give good agreement with the reference models. The results of the transilient turbulence model shows that a non-local closure is able to parameterize the effects of the large eddies. Comparable results are produced by a local closure where eddy diffusivities are parameterized by dimensionless gradient-functions. 相似文献
16.
Evaluation of the Weather Research and Forecasting Mesoscale Model for GABLS3: Impact of Boundary-Layer Schemes,Boundary Conditions and Spin-Up 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
Michal A. Kleczek Gert-Jan Steeneveld Albert A. M. Holtslag 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2014,152(2):213-243
We evaluated the performance of the three-dimensional Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale model, specifically the performance of the planetary boundary-layer (PBL) parametrizations. For this purpose, Cabauw tower observations were used, with the study extending beyond the third GEWEX Atmospheric Boundary-Layer Study (GABLS3) one-dimensional model intercomparison. The WRF model (version 3.4.1) contains 12 different PBL parametrizations, most of which have been only partially evaluated. The GABLS3 case offers a clear opportunity to evaluate model performance, focusing on time series of near-surface weather variables, radiation and surface flux budgets, vertical structure and the nighttime inertial oscillation. The model results revealed substantial differences between the PBL schemes. Generally, non-local schemes tend to produce higher temperatures and higher wind speeds than local schemes, in particular, for nighttime. The WRF model underestimates the 2-m temperature during daytime (about \(2\) K) and substantially underestimates it at night (about \(4\) K), in contrast to the previous studies where modelled 2-m temperature was overestimated. Considering the 10-m wind speed, during the night turbulent kinetic energy based schemes tend to produce lower wind speeds than other schemes. In all simulations the sensible and latent heat fluxes were well reproduced. For the net radiation and the soil heat flux we found good agreement with daytime observations but underestimations at night. Concerning the vertical profiles, the selected non-local PBL schemes underestimate the PBL depth and the low-level jet altitude at night by about 50 m, although with the correct wind speed. The latter contradicts most previous studies and can be attributed to the revised stability function in the Yonsei University PBL scheme. The local, turbulent kinetic energy based PBL schemes estimated the low-level jet altitude and strength more accurately. Compared to the observations, all model simulations show a similar structure for the potential temperature, with a consistent cold bias ( \(\approx \) 2 K) in the upper PBL. In addition to the sensitivity to the PBL schemes, we studied the sensitivity to technical features such as horizontal resolution and domain size. We found a substantial difference in the model performance for a range of 12, 18 and 24 h spin-up times, longer spin-up time decreased the modelled wind speed bias, but it strengthened the negative temperature bias. The sensitivity of the model to the vertical resolution of the input and boundary conditions on the model performance is confirmed, and its influence appeared most significant for the non-local PBL parametrizations. 相似文献
17.
利用WRF模式三种边界层参数化方案(YSU、MYJ、ACM2)产生的气象场分别驱动多尺度空气质量模式CMAQ,对兰州市西固区冬季2005年1月27日至2月2日期间SO2和NO2浓度进行了数值模拟,将模拟结果与同期监测的污染物浓度进行对比分析,结果表明:WRF模式不同边界层参数化方案模拟输出的气象场驱动CMAQ模式所模拟的SO2和NO2浓度均可以反映出污染物的时空变化特征,CMAQ模式具有模拟复杂下垫面高分辨率污染物输送特征的能力;WRF模式的边界层参数化方案选为局地与非局地闭合方案(ACM2)时,模拟的气象场驱动CMAQ模式得到的空气污染物浓度分布特征最优,这主要是由于ACM2的湍流输送机制较为合理,模拟的边界层低层气象场更接近实际,从而可以较好地模拟污染物的输送特征;当CMAQ模式的垂直混合方案与WRF模式的湍流输送方案一致时(均采用ACM2方案),模式间的兼容性好. 相似文献
18.
This study conducted meteorological simulations in northern Colombia by analyzing different planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes available in the numerical Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The study area included three nested domains with horizontal resolutions of 18 km, 6 km, and 2 km, with 38 vertical levels. The evolution and structure of the PBL were analyzed during the driest months (March, April, and May 2016) and in regions with the highest particulate matter concentrations. Sensitivity analysis of the WRF model was performed with two local and two non-local PBL schemes. The results were validated using observations of the surface air temperature, relative humidity, and surface wind speed collected from three meteorological stations in the area. The PBL heights were experimentally determined using radiosonde data provided by a station located in the center of the study area. Variations in PBL heights were estimated using linear regression methods and minimization of statistical errors for the bulk Richardson number, as well as analysis of vertical temperature and wind profiles. The WRF model reliably reproduced the daily values and diurnal cycles of temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed within the PBL and accounted for the influence of topography and sea breezes. Horizontal heat advection dominates the upwelling of air masses when sea breezes are active. The onshore wind direction starts to change from east to northwest, implying a decay in the land breeze regime. All schemes overestimate the mixing height and tend to underestimate surface air temperature values at night. All show wetter conditions and underestimate wind speed. Although the non-local Yonsei University (YSU) scheme shows the best performance, it also shows the largest sources of errors when determining the behavior of the surface layer during stable conditions. Relative humidity and wind speed estimates provided by the local Mellor‐Yamada‐Nakanishi‐Niino (MYNN) scheme were closer to those recorded at the meteorological stations. 相似文献
19.
复杂下垫面地域边界层结构的三维细网格数值模拟 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
建立了一个可供复杂下垫面地域使用的非静力的三维细网格边界层模式，就复杂下垫面条件下的边界层结构和湍流特征作了以实例为对照的数值模拟试验，模式采用能量闭合方案，舍弃了静力近似。以实测资料为初台输入，同时还做了一些数值试验，分别获得了采用静力与非静力模式和不同闭合方案对ＰＢＬ模型的结果。 相似文献
20.
边界层参数化方案对南海秋季台风“莎莉嘉”(2016)模拟的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
利用美国中尺度数值模式WRF,选取两个局地(QNSE、MYJ)闭合和两个非局地(YSU、ACM2)闭合的边界层参数化方案对台风“莎莉嘉”(2016)进行了4组模拟试验,结果表明,不同边界层方案对台风路径影响较小,但对台风强度和结构有明显的影响,就本个例研究而言,非局地闭合边界层方案明显优于局地闭合边界层方案。台风强度的差异是热力和动力共同作用的影响。局地闭合方案模拟的地表焓通量、水汽通量和动量通量更大,台风偏强;局地闭合方案模拟的边界层高度更高、边界层顶的夹卷过程更强、垂直混合更强、台风暖心结构更强,从而台风也更强。台风强度的差异和台风结构的变化密切相关。 相似文献