共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
降水条件下,风廓线雷达 (wind profiler radar,WPR) 能够同时接收到大气湍流回波和降水粒子的散射回波,降水信号谱与湍流信号谱叠加在一起。风廓线雷达计算水平风时,若采用叠加在一起的功率谱处理降水条件下的探测数据,必将导致后期水平风的合成严重失真。该文首先对原始功率谱数据进行插值和平滑处理,通过功率谱曲线极大值点的个数判断其是否受到降水影响。对于受到降水影响的功率谱,依据湍流谱和降水谱均趋于对称型的特点,用两种方法分别对不同特征的功率谱曲线进行湍流谱和降水谱的分离处理,继而利用分离出的湍流谱信号反演水平风场。研究选取广东省湛江站风廓线雷达2013年6月及7月两次实测降水过程,分析结果表明:用湍流谱代替原始功率谱反演的风场,一致性较处理前有明显提高,从而证明了该分离方法的可行性。 相似文献
2.
在降水条件下,风廓线雷达返回信号是湍流信号和降水信号的叠加,其功率谱数据中通常会出现双峰结构。该文通过双高斯拟合方法区分大气湍流信号功率谱和降水信号功率谱,去除大气湍流对降水信号谱的影响,反演得到较为精确的雨滴谱分布。研究表明:在风廓线雷达估算雨滴谱的过程中,双高斯拟合可将两峰有效分离,利用处理后的降水谱反演得到的雨滴谱均呈指数分布。选取北京延庆地区2006年和2012年具有代表性的降水资料,对比反演得到的不同强度和不同类型降雨的雨滴谱资料显示,这种估算雨滴谱的方法可行且可靠,利用双高斯拟合将双峰分离,可以达到风廓线雷达数据质量控制的目的,对于风廓线雷达在更为复杂的天气条件下应用具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
3.
风廓线雷达估测雨滴谱参数 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
文章提出两种风廓线雷达资料估测雨滴谱的方法。①利用五波束风廓线雷达，通过连续方程求得各层垂直空气运动速度，根据垂直指向波束测出的功率谱导出雨滴谱；②假定雨滴谱为г分布，根据垂直指向的多普勒雷达测得的回波强度、径向速度、多普勒谱宽求得雨滴谱的三个参数。文章进行了实例计算，比较了两种方法的计算结果，并且讨论了Z-M关系的不确定性。 相似文献
4.
结合毫米波雷达提取降水条件下风廓线雷达大气垂直速度的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
风廓线雷达主要是利用大气湍流对电磁波的散射作用,在晴空条件下对大气风场等进行探测。在降水天气下,风廓线雷达能同时接收到大气湍流回波和雨滴的散射回波信号,其探测到的回波功率谱中降水信号谱和大气湍流信号谱叠加在一起,使得大气的运动被雨滴的运动信息所掩盖,给后续的大气风场反演带来误差。而毫米波云雷达在降水天气下仅能探测到云雨粒子的回波而无法探测到大气湍流回波,基于这一差异结合毫米波云雷达资料对风廓线雷达功率谱数据进行订正,剔除其中的降水回波信息,进而获取正确的大气运动垂直速度。通过一次典型弱降水天气过程的雷达资料对该方法进行了可行性验证,并将计算得出的大气垂直速度与传统双峰法提取的大气运动垂直速度及原始风廓线雷达垂直速度进行了对比分析,显示在弱降水天气下该方法能有效消除降水对风廓线雷达垂直速度测量的影响,提高弱降水天气下测速准确率,并且在湍流谱极其微弱的情况下该方法也能准确地获取到大气运动垂直速度信息。但是云雷达回波在降水时会有衰减,虽然是弱降水也会导致在高层距离库上的订正效果变差,故目前只适用于弱降水时低距库处的降水订正。 相似文献
5.
风廓线雷达已在我国得到大范围的业务布网应用,现有业务产品主要为风场信息。为了充分发挥风廓线雷达的作用,获取更多的天气过程信息,该文提出仅使用风廓线雷达返回信号功率谱进行数据定标（DCNP）的方法。使用雷达系统噪声功率对返回信号功率谱单位幅度进行标校计算,基于标校后的雷达探测功率谱分布数据计算回波强度功率谱密度分布、回波强度、大气折射率结构常数。利用2017年北京风廓线雷达、2016年南京风廓线雷达和2018年梅州风廓线雷达观测数据,对我国业务运行的3种主要型号风廓线雷达进行算法评估试验。定标方法的计算结果稳定,风廓线雷达不同探测模式之间的一致性较好。使用每个测站定标结果与相邻天气雷达数据进行比较,风廓线雷达回波强度定标结果与天气雷达也有较好的一致性。DCNP方法与基于信噪比（SNR）的强度计算方法进行比较,与SNR方法相比,DCNP方法定标结果更加稳定可靠。 相似文献
6.
对风廓线雷达探测降水时出现的双峰型功率谱密度分布的回波,进行大气返回信号和降水返回信号的剥离,由大气返回信号求出环境大气的垂直运动,导出降水质点下降末速度的功率谱密度分布,进而求出云体中的雨滴谱分布。对两次降水进行了雨滴谱反演试验,提取了不同高度上30多份雨滴谱分布,雨滴谱分布基本上呈现出指数分布形式。指数拟合后求出雨滴谱的浓度参数N0由几百到几千m-3mm-1,尺度参数λ为3.8～4.5 mm-1。试验中,还由反演的雨滴谱估算出云中含水量,得出降水云体中含水量随高度的分布,与附近多普勒天气雷达观测进行了比较。风廓线雷达与多普勒天气雷达探测到的回波强度随高度分布基本一致,云中含水量估算的均值基本相同,而风廓线雷达由雨滴谱估算出的含水量随高度分布可以反映出雨滴谱变化的影响,随高度分布更为精细。 相似文献
7.
8.
风廓线雷达（wind profile radar,WPR）因具有高时空分辨率特点,成为当前短时临近预报的重要参考工具。降水时WPR同时接收大气湍流回波和降水粒子散射回波,现有技术不能有效分离叠加在一起的湍流信号和降水信号,导致降水期间风廓线雷达反演的风场数据严重缺失或失真。根据风廓线雷达探测技术原理及降水天气的功率谱特点,提出了降水天气时风廓线雷达湍流信号提取方法（WPR-HW）,并选取2015—2018年天津10次降水过程对WPR-HW方法进行模式检验及个例效果评估。结果表明:WPR-HW方法对改善降水期间风廓线雷达风场数据缺失问题效果明显,在选取的10次降水过程中,目前通用的风廓线雷达风场反演方法（WIND）风场数据平均缺失率为25.4%,WPR-HW方法未出现风场数据缺失现象;WPR-HW方法较WIND方法反演风场数据可信度有显著提高,反演数据与再分析数据的风速均方根误差由WIND方法的2.3 m·s-1降至WPR-HW方法的1.6 m·s-1,风向均方根误差由WIND方法的45°降至WPR-HW方法的22°,从而验证WPR-HW方法在降水期间适用。 相似文献
9.
选取上海市世博园区站、金山站和嘉定F1赛车场站3个风廓线雷达站2012年3月7日凌晨一次降水过程生成的错误水平风场数据,通过对比该时段高、低模式扫描实时径向功率谱数据,指出在降水初期风廓线雷达软件质量控制出现错误的原因,并重新识别错误时段的功率谱,反演水平风场数据。分析表明:在降水初期由于风廓线雷达各波束探测的数据在空间上不一致,易导致雷达软件采用的质量控制算法并不能全部识别和消除降水对数据的干扰,从而出现偏差。基于风廓线雷达高时空分辨率径向功率谱数据的分析处理方法可有效验证雷达软件质量控制算法,且经过该方法反演后的水平风场更为合理。 相似文献
10.
风廓线雷达是当前获取大气三维风场信息的有效途径,但受其本身探测原理的约束,降水时的观测数据(尤其是边界层风廓线雷达的观测数据)将受到较大影响。为提高降水时边界层风廓线雷达数据的可信度,依据五波束探测和三波束探测原理,结合风廓线雷达功率谱再分析,建立了风廓线雷达数据筛选、填补的重处理方法,通过选取不同降水强度下的从化、潮州、阳江三个边界层风廓线雷达站的观测数据,开展了基于该方法的数据质量评估。研究结果指出:降水时虽能提高风廓线雷达的数据获取率,但风场数据质量并不一定较好(尤其是在特大暴雨时数据质量较差);经过数据重处理后,风廓线雷达的有效数据获取率得到提高,且内陆站点提升的幅度超过沿海站点;降水对2 km以下的观测数据影响较小,对于2 km以上的数据,若降水只是对部分高度造成数据缺失,则经过重处理后数据质量仍可以保持较好,但若连续多个高度数据缺失,则经过数据重处理后也不能较好地提高数据质量。 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
12.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
13.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
14.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
17.
18.
<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
19.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献