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1.
近10年东亚沙尘气溶胶时空分布与起尘通量的数值研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用一个耦合了沙尘模型的区域气候模式RegCM3和NCEP再分析资料,对近10年(2000-2009年)东亚地区沙尘气溶胶(直径≤20μm)时空分布特征和起尘通量进行了数值模拟。结果表明,(1)耦合模式能较好地模拟东亚地区沙尘气溶胶的时空分布特点。东亚地区沙尘气溶胶光学厚度、柱含量高值区主要位于塔克拉玛干沙漠和巴丹吉林沙漠。沙尘气溶胶柱含量的季节变化特征明显,春季最大,冬季次之,秋季最小。东亚地区110°E以东,沙尘主要以700hPa高度为中心向东传输。(2)东亚地区起沙源区主要位于塔克拉玛干沙漠、巴丹吉林沙漠、藏北沙漠化地区及蒙古国西南部,起沙强度存在明显的季节变化。2000-2009年东亚地区年平均起沙通量为1015.34mg.m-2.d-1,其中62.4%和2.3%分别通过干、湿过程重新沉降在东亚地区,其余35.3%被净释放进入大气或进行远距离传输。 相似文献
2.
Asian summer monsoon anomalies induced by aerosol direct forcing: the role of the Tibetan Plateau 总被引：20，自引：2，他引：20
In this paper we present results of a numerical study using the NASA finite-volume GCM to elucidate a plausible mechanism for aerosol impact on the Asian summer monsoon involving interaction with physical processes over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). During the pre-monsoon season of March–April, dusts from the deserts of western China, Afghanistan/Pakistan, and the Middle East are transported into and stacked up against the northern and southern slopes of the TP. The absorption of solar radiation by dust heats up the elevated surface air over the slopes. On the southern slopes, the atmospheric heating is reinforced by black carbon from local emission. The heated air rises via dry convection, creating a positive temperature anomaly in the mid-to-upper troposphere over the TP relative to the region to the south. In May through early June in a manner akin to an “elevated heat pump”, the rising hot air forced by the increasing heating in the upper troposphere, draws in warm and moist air over the Indian subcontinent, setting the stage for the onset of the South Asia summer monsoon. Our results suggest that increased dust loading coupled with black carbon emission from local sources in northern India during late spring may lead to an advance of the rainy periods and subsequently an intensification of the Indian summer monsoon. The enhanced rainfall over India is associated with the development of an aerosol-induced large-scale sea level pressure anomaly pattern, which causes the East Asia (Mei-yu) rain belt to shift northwestward, suppressing rainfall over East Asia and the adjacent oceanic regions. 相似文献
3.
From a statistical study of the atmospheric circulation types over the Northern Hemisphere it is found that the zonal type circulation predominates in East Asia. From a three-layer primitive equation model in σ-coordinate, the orographic effect on a westerly current over the Northern Hemisphere is studied. A distinguished deepening trough is observed in the lee-side slope of the Rocky Mountains. But a pronounced trough is over the East Asia coast far from the Tibetan Plateau. In a case of 48 h numerical forecast, it is found that the effect of the Tibetan Plateau tends to build up a rather zonal type circulation, which is con-sistent with the observations. These may be partly explained by the topographic effect of the north slope of the Tibetan Plateau in a simple geostrophic theory. 相似文献
4.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ATMOSPHERIC HEATING AND ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION DURING ACTIVE PERIOD OF 500 hPa HIGH OVER THE TIBETAN PLATEAU IN SUMMER* 
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下载免费PDF全文 Duan Tingyang 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1994,8(1):72-78
In correspondence with the establishment of the "upper high and lower high" pressure pattern due to the activities of 500 hPa high over the Tibetan Plateau in summer,a series of changes of the East Asia atmospheric circulation will take place.In this paper,the distributions of divergence and vertical velocity of 500 hPa high,the evolutions of atmospheric heat source,the variations of vorticity and zonal wind at 100 hPa level and vertical meridional cell over the Tibetan Plateau etc.are statistically analyzed.Thus,we can see that the ascending motion and the convective heating over the Tibetan Plateau,the South Asia high and the westerly jet on the north of the Plateau at 100 hPa level are weakned.The northern branch and the southern branch of the easterly jet on the south of the Plateau merge into a single whole and situate on the south of the former northern branch.In the meantime,thermodynamic land-sea discrepancy in South Asia and the convective heating over the Bay of Bengal is enhanced.It will play an important role in the maintenance of the easterly jet and the South Asia monsoon. 相似文献
5.
Aerosols make a considerable contribution to the climate system through their radiative and cloud condensation nuclei effects, which underlines the need for understanding the origin of aerosols and their transport pathways. Seasonal distribution of mineral dust around the globe and its correlation with atmospheric circulation is investigated using satellite data, and meteorological data from ECMWF. The most important sources of dust are located in North Africa, the Middle East and Southwest Asia with an observed summer maximum, and East Asia with a spring peak. Maximum dust activity over North Africa and the Middle East in summer is attributed to dry convection associated with the summertime low-pressure system, while unstable weather and dry conditions are responsible for the spring peak in dust emission in East Asia. Intercontinental transport of mineral dust by atmospheric circulation has been observed, including trans-Atlantic transport of North African dust, trans-Pacific transport of Asian dust, and transport of dust from the Middle East across the Indian Ocean. The extent of African dust over the Atlantic Ocean and its latitudinal variation with season is related to the large-scale atmospheric circulation, including seasonal changes in the position of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and variation of wind patterns. North African aerosols extend over longer distances across the North Atlantic in summer because of greater dust emission, an intensified easterly low level jet (LLJ) and strengthening of the Azores-Bermuda anticyclonic circulation. Transport of East Asian aerosol is facilitated by the existence of a LLJ that extends from East Asia to the west coast of North America. 相似文献
6.
青藏高原周边对流层顶的时空分布、热力成因及动力效应分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用多套、多种再分析资料的逐日气候平均场,通过对比分析,揭示了青藏高原周边区域对流层顶分布及其季节演变的独特特征,并分析了其热力成因以及气候学效应。结果表明,与同纬度的落矶山和太平洋地区相比,青藏高原及伊朗高原区域对流层顶高度的冬夏变化幅度更大。冬季副热带对流层顶断裂带（热带对流层顶与极地对流层顶之间高度剧烈变化的过渡带）位于青藏与伊朗两个高原上空,春季开始两个高原上空对流层顶抬升迅速,夏季最高可超过热带对流层顶的高度（超过100 hPa）,成为同纬度甚至全球对流层顶最高点。青藏与伊朗两个高原上空对流层顶的剧烈抬高,对应两个高原上空大气气柱比同纬度明显偏暖,同时伴随着青藏与伊朗两个高原上空位势涡度值的明显降低。因此,在青藏与伊朗两个高原区域,由春至夏等熵面强烈下凹,同时等位涡面剧烈抬升;夏季时等位涡面及对流层顶断裂带在青藏高原北部成近乎上下垂直分布,与南北倾斜分布的等位温面接近正交分布。这种特征与夏季同纬度其他地区相对平缓的对流层顶断裂带、等位涡面以及等熵面的经向分布形成强烈对比。进一步研究发现,青藏与伊朗两个高原上空由春至夏迅速发展的强大热源是引起上述对流层顶变化特征的主要原因。不同的是,青藏高原上空主要由发展强烈的对流凝结潜热所主导,而伊朗高原上空则主要由绝热下沉加热引起;此外,由春季至夏季,随着青藏高原地区对流层顶与等熵面剧烈相交分布的形成,南亚高压也逐步控制青藏高原上空,在南亚高压东缘盛行的偏北气流作用下,中高纬度平流层的高位涡空气得以在青藏高原东缘及东亚地区沿剧烈倾斜的等熵面被输送到较低纬度的对流层。与降水的季节演变对比可知,平流层高位涡输送的出现、加强和减弱与夏季降水的发展、加强与减弱成同步对应关系。从而证实了青藏高原影响夏季东亚地区形成独特气候格局的事实,说明在这种影响过程中,平流层-对流层动力相互作用过程不可忽视。 相似文献
7.
2013年春季沙尘天气特征及其成因 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
2013年春季,我国共出现了7次沙尘天气过程,其中沙尘暴2次,扬沙5次,是沙尘天气频次总体偏少,但发生时间偏早、影响范围较广的一年。通过对2012/2013年冬季及2013年春季天气气候特征的分析表明：（1）2012/2013年冬季,西伯利亚高压脊较常年平均明显偏弱,影响我国北方地区的西北气流及冷空气偏弱,我国大部地区气温偏高,不利于冬季土壤冻结,土质较为疏松,加之蒙古国及内蒙古大部地区纬向风为偏西风的正距平区,有利于起沙及沙尘粒子向偏东方向输送,这是造成2013年沙尘天气早发的主要原因;（2）2013年春季,我国北方大部地区处于该弱脊脊前西北气流,我国北方除东北地区气温较常年偏低外,其他大部地区气温均偏高,土壤解冻较早,加之3~4月降水偏少,植被状况偏差,土质疏松,是形成沙尘天气的主要原因;（3）气温偏高、降水偏少、土壤湿度降低,但2013年春季沙尘暴反而减少了,说明这些因素并不是沙尘暴发生的直接因素,而是造成沙尘暴发生的短期天气气候变化的间接原因。 相似文献
8.
Summary Continental wind storms are common along the Mediterranean coast. Along the northern coast they are mostly cold, similar
to the Bora or the Mistral, and along the southern coast they are mostly warm, e.g., the Ghibli or the Shirocco. At the eastern
Mediterranean basin and the Levant region, these storms are intermittently warm and cold during the same season and often
even during the same event. Quasi-stationary systems, as well as moving disturbances, are the cause of such wind storms. Accordingly,
the resulting weather conditions may be extremely converse due to the characteristics of the advected airmass. Specific regions
in Israel, sensitive to easterly storms, are influenced by these wind storms for about 10% of the year (e.g., the westerly
slopes of the mountains and valleys with west-east orientation). The frequency, however, of widespread storms covering the
entire region is only approximately 1.4% of the entire year. These wind storms are therefore classified in the present study
according to their climatological and synoptic characteristics; indicating that the dominant synoptic situation is the Red-Sea
trough and the warm advections. These storms appear only from October-May and are most frequent during the cold season. The
diurnal course is characterized by a strengthening in the morning hours and a weakening at noon and in the afternoon hours,
due to the opposing effect of the westerly sea breeze, suppressing the easterly winds and the effect of katabatic winds. Nevertheless,
synoptic conditions may contribute to this tendency as well. Accordingly, a significant increase in the frequencies of easterly
storms, in relation to distance from the seashore has been identified. Although most of the stormy days are with westerly
winds, the easterly wind storms has vast environmental implications, creating damage especially to agriculture and occasionally
also to property and life; coastal flooding, potential air pollution, intensifying of forest fires and occasionally dust and
sand storms.
Received September 9, 1996 Revised March 6, 1997 相似文献
9.
Sensitivity of East Asian climate to the progressive uplift and expansion of the Tibetan Plateau under the mid-Pliocene boundary conditions 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A global atmospheric general circulation model has been used to perform eleven idealized numerical experiments, i.e., TP10, TP10, .., TP100, corresponding to different percentages of the Tibetan Plateau altitude. The aim is to explore the sensitivity of East Asian climate to the uplift and expansion of the Tibetan Plateau under the reconstructed boundary conditions for the mid-Pliocene about 3 Ma ago. When the plateau is progressively uplifted, global annual surface temperature is gradually declined and statistically significant cooling signals emerge only in the Northern Hemisphere, especially over and around the Tibetan Plateau, with larger magnitudes over land than over the oceans. On the contrary, annual surface temperature rises notably over Central Asia and most parts of Africa, as well as over northeasternmost Eurasia in the experiments TP60 to TP100. Meanwhile, the plateau uplift also leads to annual precipitation augmentation over the Tibetan Plateau but a reduction in northern Asia, the Indian Peninsula, much of Central Asia, parts of western Asia and the southern portions of northeastern Europe. Additionally, it is found that an East Asian summer monsoon system similar to that of the present initially exists in the TP60 and is gradually intensified with the continued plateau uplift. At 850 hPa the plateau uplift induces an anomalous cyclonic circulation around the Tibetan Plateau in summertime and two anomalous westerly currents respectively located to the south and north of the Tibetan Plateau in wintertime. In the mid-troposphere, similarto-modern spatial pattern of summertime western North Pacific subtropical high is only exhibited in the experiments TP60 to TP100, and the East Asian trough is steadily deepened in response to the progressive uplift and expansion of the Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
10.
Model simulations and hydrological reanalysis data for 2007 are applied to investigate the impact of long-range desert dust transport on hydrometeor formation over coastal East Asia.Results are analyzed from Hong Kong and Shanghai,which are two representative coastal cities of East Asia.Long-range desert dust transport impacts mainly spring and summer clouds and precipitation over coastal East Asia.In spring,clouds and precipitation come mainly from large-scale condensation and are impacted mainly by dust from the Gobi,Sahara,and Thar deserts.These desert dusts can participate in the precipitation within and below the clouds.At lower latitudes,the dust particles act mainly as water nuclei.At higher latitudes,they act as both water nuclei and ice nuclei.The effect of Gobi,Sahara,and Thar dust on large-scale clouds and precipitation becomes stronger at higher latitudes.In summer,clouds and precipitation over coastal East Asia come mainly from convection and are impacted mainly by dust from the Taklamakan,Arabian,and Karakum-Kavir deserts.Most Taklamakan dust particles can participate in precipitation within convective clouds as ice nuclei,while Arabian and Karakum-Kavir dust particles participate only as water nuclei in precipitation below the clouds.The effect of Taklamakan dust on convective clouds and precipitation becomes stronger at lower latitudes.Of all the desert dusts,that from the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts has the relatively largest impact.Gobi dust impacts climate change in coastal East Asia by affecting spring water clouds at higher latitudes. 相似文献
11.
Soil dust aerosol is the largest contributor to aerosol mass concentrations in the troposphere and has considerable effects on air quality and climate. Arid and semi-arid areas of East Asia are one of the important dust source regions thus it is crucial to understand dust mobilization and accurately estimate dust emissions in East Asia. However, present dust models still contain large uncertainties with dust emissions that remain a significant contributor to the overall uncertainties in the model. In this study, we attempt to reduce these uncertainties by using an inverse modeling technique and obtain optimized dust emissions. We use Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) aerosol optical depths (AODs) and groundbased mass concentrations of particles less than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) observations over East Asia in May 2007. The MODIS AODs are validated with AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) AODs. The inversion uses the maximum a posteriori method and the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (CTM) as a forward model. The model error is large over dust source regions including the Gobi Desert and Mongolia. We find that inverse modeling analyses from the MODIS and PM10 observations consistently result in decrease of dust emissions over Mongolia and the Gobi Desert. Whereas over the Taklamakan Desert and Manchuria, the inverse modeling analyses from both observations yield contrast results such as increase of dust sources using MODIS AODs, while decrease of those using PM10 observations. We discuss some limitations of both observations to obtain the optimized dust emissions and suggest several strategies for the improvement of dust emission estimates in the model. 相似文献
12.
青藏高原隆升对春、夏季亚洲大气环流的影响 总被引：28，自引：18，他引：10
利用全球大气环流谱模式R42L9,进行了有、无青藏高原大地形两种情况的10年积分,通过两个试验结果的比较,研究了青藏高原大地形对春、夏亚洲大气环流的影响。模拟结果表明：春季,青藏高原大地形对低层西风的阻挡引起了绕流,其北支气流加强了北方冷空气在高原东侧的南下;同时,作为一个弱热源,它的热力作用加强了高原南侧的南支西风气流,为华南地区输送了大量的暖湿空气。冷暖空气的交汇,加强了华南地区春季的降水。夏季,青藏高原强热源的存在,引起的低层气旋性环流,加强了青藏高原东侧的东亚夏季风,使其向北发展。盛夏,青藏高原“感热气泵（SHAP）”在南亚地区上空低层造成了负涡度和辐散异常,使南亚地区的夏季降水减少,南亚夏季风减弱;在对流层上层高原上宅形成负涡源,并通过遥相关加强了伊朗高压。 相似文献
13.
利用1981—2020年5—9月天山南坡16个气象站逐日降水资料和NCEP/NCAR GDAS再分析资料,分析天山南坡暖季暴雨过程的环流形势,并采用HYSPLIT模式,模拟追踪水汽源地及输送特征。结果表明:天山南坡暖季暴雨主要发生在南亚高压双体型、500 hPa以上西南急流(气流)、700 hPa切变辐合以及天山地形辐合抬升的重叠区域。水汽主要源自中亚、大西洋及其沿岸、地中海和黑海及其附近,经TKAP(塔吉克斯坦、吉尔吉斯坦、阿富汗东北部、巴基斯坦北部和印度西北部)、南疆、北疆关键区,分别从偏西、偏南、偏北通道输入暴雨区,700 hPa以上偏西通道、以下偏北通道占主导地位,且贡献最大的是南疆关键区。源自中亚的水汽主要输送至暴雨区700 hPa及以下,对暴雨的贡献较大,且沿途损失较大;源自大西洋及其沿岸、地中海和黑海及其附近的水汽主要输送至暴雨区700 hPa以上,对暴雨的贡献较小。另外,中低层还存在源自北疆、南疆、北美洲东部、蒙古的水汽。基于上述特征,建立了天山南坡暖季暴雨过程水汽三维精细化结构模型。 相似文献
14.
利用1981—2020年5—9月天山南坡16个气象站逐日降水资料和NCEP/NCAR GDAS再分析资料,分析天山南坡暖季暴雨过程的环流形势,并采用HYSPLIT模式,模拟追踪水汽源地及输送特征。结果表明:天山南坡暖季暴雨主要发生在南亚高压双体型、500 hPa以上西南急流(气流)、700 hPa切变辐合以及天山地形辐合抬升的重叠区域。水汽主要源自中亚、大西洋及其沿岸、地中海和黑海及其附近,经TKAP(塔吉克斯坦、吉尔吉斯坦、阿富汗东北部、巴基斯坦北部和印度西北部)、南疆、北疆关键区,分别从偏西、偏南、偏北通道输入暴雨区,700 hPa以上偏西通道、以下偏北通道占主导地位,且贡献最大的是南疆关键区。源自中亚的水汽主要输送至暴雨区700 hPa及以下,对暴雨的贡献较大,且沿途损失较大;源自大西洋及其沿岸、地中海和黑海及其附近的水汽主要输送至暴雨区700 hPa以上,对暴雨的贡献较小。另外,中低层还存在源自北疆、南疆、北美洲东部、蒙古的水汽。基于上述特征,建立了天山南坡暖季暴雨过程水汽三维精细化结构模型。 相似文献
15.
Liu Shu Liu Xiaoxuan Yu Le Wang Yong Zhang Guang J. Gong Peng Huang Wenyu Wang Bin Yang Mengmiao Cheng Yuqi 《Climate Dynamics》2021,56(11):4109-4127
The European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Land Cover data (ESA CCI-LC, from 1992 to 2015) is introduced to the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Earth System Model version 1.2.1 (NCAR CESM1.2.1). In comparison with the original land surface data in the Community Land Model version 4 (ORG), the new data features notable land use and land cover change (LULCC) with increased forests over northeastern Asia and Alaska by decreasing shrublands and grasslands. Overestimated bare land cover over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and the Rocky Mountains in the ORG are corrected with the replacements by grasslands and shrublands respectively in the new data. The model simulation results show that with the introduction of the ESA CCI-LC, the simulated surface albedo, surface net radiation flux, sensible and latent heat fluxes are relatively improved over the regions where significant LULCC exists, such as northeastern Asia, Alaska, the TP, and Australia. Surface air temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric circulation are improved in boreal winter but degraded in summer. The winter warming over northeastern Asia results from increased longwave downwelling flux and adiabatic heating while the notable winter cooling over Alaska is attributed to strong cold advection followed by reduced longwave downwelling flux. LULCC alters precipitation by influencing water vapor content. In winter, LULCC affects atmospheric circulation via modulating baroclinicity while in summer, it influences land-sea thermal contrast, thus affecting the intensity of East Asian summer monsoon. LULCC also alters the simulated dust burden.
相似文献16.
Mesoscale convective system (MCS) cloud clusters,defined using an objective recognition analysis based on hourly geostationary infrared satellite data over East Asia during the warm seasons of 1996-2008 (except 2004),were investigated in this study.The geographical pattern of MCS distribution over East Asia shows several high-frequency centers at low latitudes,including the Indo-China peninsula,the Bay of Bengal,the Andaman Sea,the Brahmaputra river delta,the south China coastal region,and the Philippine Islands.There are several middle-frequency centers in the middle latitudes,e.g.,the central-east of the Tibet Plateau,the Plateau of west Sichuan,Mount Wuyi,and the Sayan Mountains in Russia;whereas in Lake Baikal,the Tarim Basin,the Taklimakan Desert,the Sea of Japan,and the Sea of Okhotsk,rare MCS distributions are observed.MCSs are most intensely active in summer,with the highest monthly frequency in July,which is partly associated with the breaking out and prevailing of the summer monsoon in East Asia.An obvious diurnal cycle feature is also found in MCS activities,which shows that MCSs are triggered in the afternoon,mature in the evening,and dissipate at night.MCS patterns over East Asia can be characterized as small,short-lived,or elongated,which move slowly and usually lead to heavy rains or floods. 相似文献
17.
使用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料对2006年4月7~11日北京浮尘天气过程的持续性进行分析,指出此次浮尘天气过程主要受500 hPa西西伯利亚冷涡、鄂霍次克海暖高压以及青藏高原高压脊影响;700 hPa有干冷空气不断向北京地区输送,冷平流和斜压性都很强,大风和沙尘暴发生在强冷平流区域;由于华北南部地区近地面至中低层存在弱的不稳定层结,容易产生弱的上升运动。在近地面低压前部偏东风的作用下将沙尘粒子向北京地区输送,北京地区上空大气在中低层基本处于中性或不稳定层结状态,沙尘粒子不易在北京上空沉降,造成较长时间的浮尘天气。 相似文献
18.
利用1979—2016年1月逐日0.125°×0.125° ERA-Interim再分析资料及冻雨观测资料,通过个例合成等方法,探讨了中国南方准静止锋和冬季大范围冻雨的关系。结果表明:（1）中国南方大范围冻雨受昆明和华南准静止锋共同影响呈东西带状分布;（2）青藏高原东侧逆温之强,范围之广以及水汽之充沛的主要原因,一是冷空气常堆积在横断山脉以东和南岭山脉以北等中国广大的南方地区,其形成机制主要为冷平流和绝热冷却,地势较高地带非绝热冷却也较明显;二是700和850 hPa暖平流形成的暖层也十分宽广;三是850 hPa源自中国南海和西太平洋的湿平流输送;（3）500 hPa东亚大槽、700 hPa南支槽、850 hPa反气旋和地面蒙古冷高压为青藏高原东侧对流层低层极地大陆性气团与热带海洋性气团和热带大陆性气团交绥创造了必要的环流条件;（4）东亚冷空气爆发从青藏高原东侧南下,迫使近地面暖湿气团抬升形成华南准静止锋。同时,受青藏高原东部地形的阻挡产生冷空气堆积。当冷空气堆积到一定厚度向西爬上低纬高原时,又与南支西风相遇形成昆明准静止锋。由昆明和华南准静止锋形成的复杂锋面结构,伴随宽广而强烈的逆温有利于中国南方大范围冻雨的产生。 相似文献
19.
Chunzai Wang 《Climate Dynamics》2007,29(4):411-422
A maximum of easterly zonal wind at 925 hPa in the Caribbean region is called the Caribbean Low-Level Jet (CLLJ). Observations
show that the easterly CLLJ varies semi-annually, with two maxima in the summer and winter and two minima in the fall and
spring. Associated with the summertime strong CLLJ are a maximum of sea level pressure (SLP), a relative minimum of rainfall
(the mid-summer drought), and a minimum of tropical cyclogenesis in July in the Caribbean Sea. It is found that both the meridional
gradients of sea surface temperature (SST) and SLP show a semi-annual feature, consistent with the semi-annual variation of
the CLLJ. The CLLJ anomalies vary with the Caribbean SLP anomalies that are connected to the variation of the North Atlantic
Subtropical High (NASH). In association with the cold (warm) Caribbean SST anomalies, the atmosphere shows the high (low)
SLP anomalies near the Caribbean region that are consistent with the anomalously strong (weak) easterly CLLJ. The CLLJ is
also remotely related to the SST anomalies in the Pacific and Atlantic, reflecting that these SST variations affect the NASH.
During the winter, warm (cold) SST anomalies in the tropical Pacific correspond to a weak (strong) easterly CLLJ. However,
this relationship is reversed during the summer. This is because the effects of ENSO on the NASH are opposite during the winter
and summer. The CLLJ varies in phase with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) since a strong (weak) NASH is associated with
a strengthening (weakening) of both the CLLJ and the NAO. The CLLJ is positively correlated with the 925-hPa meridional wind
anomalies from the ocean to the United States via the Gulf of Mexico. Thus, the CLLJ and the meridional wind carry moisture
from the ocean to the central United States, usually resulting in an opposite (or dipole) rainfall pattern in the tropical
North Atlantic Ocean and Atlantic warm pool versus the central United States. 相似文献
20.
低空急流与内蒙古的大(暴)雪 总被引：39，自引：1，他引：39
分析了冬季产生东亚低空急流的大型环流特征及低空急流与内蒙古大（暴）雪的关系。结果表明，在东亚中纬度高空维持纬向强急流锋区的情况下，若有中亚冷槽分成南北两段东移，则极易有造成内蒙古大（暴）雪的东亚低空急流产生。指出可将产生这种环流特征的西风带大型环流的调整过程，作为内蒙古大（暴）雪天气的中期预警信号。而高低空急流的位置及强度又可作为降雪量及暴雪落区的短期预报指标。 相似文献