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1.
用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和华北地区冬季气温资料,运用经验正交分解(EOF)和合成分析等方法,分析了华北地区冬季气温年代际异常及同期环流背景场的变化特征。结果表明:华北冬季气温的年代际变化特征明显;北半球冬季环流场的年代际变化是造成华北冬季气温年代际异常的根本原因,在近地面层,西伯利亚高压偏强时,华北冬季偏冷,反之亦然;在对流层中层,东亚大槽及贝加尔湖高压脊为主要影响系统;低空风场分析结果显示,华北冬季偏冷期中、高纬纬向环流减弱,经向环流明显增强,主要盛行偏北风,暖期情况正好相反。另据分析,北极涛动的年代际变化与华北冬季气温异常也有很好的相关性。 相似文献
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江苏近40a夏季降水异常及其成因分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
利用1961-2000年江苏省60个台站的月降水量资料，研究了江苏夏季(6、7、8月)降水量的异常空间分布特征和时间演变规律，分析了与江苏夏季降水有关的大气环流异常的基本特征及引起江苏降水异常的原因。结果表明：(1)江苏夏季降水异常主要表现出两种最为典型的空间分布。其中，第一类雨型反映了全省降水的一致性变化，表现出整体偏多或偏少的情形；而第二类雨型则反映了降水异常的南北反相分布，对应的降水分布为南多北少或南少北多的形势；(2)两类雨型均存在明显的年际变化，两类雨型均与西太平洋副热带高压的南北异常有密切关系，但二者的大气环流背景场又存在显著的不同；(3)不同区域、不同季节的SSTA与两类降水异常存在一定的相关关系，是造成江苏降水年际异常的可能原因之一。前冬北太平洋SSTA偏暖(冷)通常与江苏夏季降水的整体偏多(少)有关；而前期冬季南印度洋、春季热带印度洋、南海及我国东部沿海地区出现的SSTA大范围的冷(暖)异常，通常对应江苏夏季降水南少(多)北多(少)。 相似文献
3.
该文在对东北冬季气温异常的时空变化特征进行分析的基础之上，利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料，探讨了影响其异常的同期因子——该地区上空大尺度环流异常特征。发现:东北冬季气温20世纪80年代中期以前处于冷期，60年代达到低谷，80年代中期以后一直处于暖期，90年代为49年来最暖期，1986年是由冷转暖的明显突变点；气温异常存在3～4年、8～9年的年际周期及16～18年的年代际周期；东北地区冬季气温异常与黄河以北地区一致性非常好，是49年全国增暖最显著的地区之一；冷、暖冬年，欧亚中高纬度大气环流异常存在显著的差异，西伯利亚高压、亚洲极涡、贝加尔湖高压脊、东亚大槽及极锋急流是影响其异常的同期重要因子。 相似文献
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利用1962—2002年巴彦淖尔市8个站冬季11—2月平均温度资料,分析了全市冬季11—2月温度的异常空间分布特征和冬季温度的年代际变化及其对应的大气环流和西太平洋海表温度背景特征,并初步探讨了巴彦淖尔市冬季气温的年代际变化与华北地区和全国温度变化的关系。分析表明:1.巴彦淖尔市冬季温度空间上呈整体偏低或偏高的变化趋势;2.41年的温度变化具有显著的年代际变化特征,并以1986年为界,其中:1963—1985年为偏冷期,1986—2002年为偏暖期;3.整个冬季偏冷期和偏暖期的高空环流、西太平洋海表温度距平背景场有着明显的差异;4.在年代际变化特征上,巴彦淖尔市冬季温度变化与华北、全国的冬季气温异常有较好的一致性,与80年代中期以来的温度升高,表现为同步响应。 相似文献
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中国东部气温异常型与海表温度异常模关系的诊断 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
基于国家气候中心整编的160站常规观测气温资料和HADLEY中心的海表温度资料,应用最大协方差分析方法,诊断了中国东部各季节气温异常型和前期海表温度异常(SSTA)模的关系,并重点分析冬季气温与SSTA模的最佳耦合模态及海温异常对大气环流的影响。结果表明:中国东部四季气温异常型与前期海盆SSTA模的显著耦合关系表现出不同的特征。超前6个月的热带太平洋第二模和南印度洋第二模与东部地区冬季气温一致变化型耦合关系最佳。西南冷东北暖的气温异常型与超前4个月热带大西洋一致增暖模有最佳耦合关系。大气环流对与全区气温一致偏冷型对应的SSTA模的回归表现为:西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压增强,东亚大槽加深,中纬度西风加强。对与气温西南冷东北暖型对应的SSTA模的回归表现为:西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压略有增强,东亚大槽槽区附近位势升高,大槽变浅,槽线偏向西南,东部40°N以北风速加强,以南风速减弱。 相似文献
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利用1979—2015年ECMWF逐日再分析资料,通过EOF分解和回归分析研究了冬季北太平洋大气低频环流的年际和年代际变化特征及其与海表面温度异常(SSTA)和大气环流异常之间的联系。研究结果表明:冬季中纬度北太平洋地区850 h Pa低频尺度环流存在3个明显的变化模态:第一模态为海盆尺度的单极型异常气旋(反气旋)式环流,同期太平洋SSTA呈现El Ni1o(La Ni1a)以及PDO暖位相(冷位相)空间分布,阿留申低压强度增强(减弱),对流层中高层是正位相(负位相)的PNA型遥相关,北太平洋天气尺度风暴轴中东部南压(北抬);第二模态为在白令海峡和副热带地区呈气旋式与反气旋式环流南北向偶极型变化,同时中纬度北太平洋SSTA呈现NPGO(North Pacific Gyre Oscillation)正位相(负位相)的空间分布,黑潮区域SSTA偏暖(偏冷),北太平洋SSTA经向梯度加大(减小),对流层中高层为负位相(正位相)的WP型遥相关,北太平洋天气尺度风暴轴整体偏北(偏南),强度增强(减弱);第三模态为北太平洋中西部和北美西岸呈气旋式与反气旋式环流东西向偶极型异常,黑潮区域SSTA偏冷(偏暖)而北太平洋东部SSTA偏暖(偏冷),SSTA纬向梯度加大(减弱),同时赤道东太平洋出现类似La Ni1a(El Ni1o)的SSTA分布,北太平洋天气尺度风暴轴中东部明显减弱(加强)而西部略有加强(减弱)。 相似文献
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利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和江苏省冬季气温、降水资料,运用带通滤波、经验正交分解(EOF)和相关分析等方法,分析了江苏省冬季气候年代际异常及同期气温与降水的相关特征.结果表明:江苏省冬季气候的年代际变化具有很好的空间一致性,表现为全省整体偏暖(偏冷)和偏涝(偏旱)的趋势;冬季气候存在明显的年代际突变,时间在1980s中期前后,平均气温从偏冷时期向偏暖时期转换,降水由偏少期向偏多时期转换.通过冬季同期降水和气温的相关分析发现,降水和气温具有一定的正相关性,而他们的年代际分量的正相关性更为显著,这与冬季大气环流场和海温场的年代际变化有密切的关系. 相似文献
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江苏冬季霾日数的年代际变化与环流异常和区域增暖的可能联系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近50年江苏冬季霾日数随时间线性增多,其距平变化在1970年代由负位相转变为正位相。这种变化可能与东亚气候突变有关。利用江苏气象站点资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,结合江苏冬季霾日数的年代际变化特征,探讨其与年代际气候变化的联系。结果表明,在江苏冬季霾少发期(1961—1979年),500 hPa高度场在欧亚中高纬地区表现为“正-负-正”的距平分布,即在乌拉尔山附近和阿留申群岛附近表现为正距平,而在贝加尔湖以东地区表现为负距平。这种“两脊一槽型”的分布有利于北方冷空气南下,冬季风较强,使江苏境内地面风速增大,有利于大气污染物扩散,同时大气净化次数有所增多,不利于霾天气发生。而在霾的多发期(1980—2010年),异常的大气环流型则相反。此外,江苏冬季霾日数对气温增暖存在可能的显著正响应。 相似文献
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华南冬季气温异常与大气环流和海温的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用1961—2013年中国743个测站的逐日气温资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用EOF分解、相关、回归、合成等方法分析了华南冬季气温异常的气候特征及其与同期大气环流和前期海温的关系。结果表明,华南冬季气温总体一致性偏高,近52年来华南冬季平均气温以0.26 ℃/(10 a)的速率上升,但显著低于全国平均的冬季增温速率,并在1989年发生升温突变。华南冬季平均气温具有显著的年际和年代际变化。当西伯利亚高压和乌拉尔山阻塞高压均偏弱、阿留申低压偏强、东亚大槽偏弱、太平洋副热带高压加强、冷空气活动偏弱时,有利于华南冬季气温偏暖。华南冬季气温在年际尺度上与ENSO和西伯利亚高压联系更密切,在年代际尺度上,华南冬季气温增暖趋势与鄂霍次克海海温偏低、东亚大槽减弱密切相关。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
DING Yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe Co-Chief Editors 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):669-670
As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July 1925.According to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general public.By upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific papers.Some could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields. 相似文献