共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
对2006年汛期AREMS、GRAPES、WRF模式的降水预报结果作每日定量检验和2006年汛期的主要大降水过程作定性检验。结果表明：WRF模式48h的预报效果要明显好于24h;各模式的小雨预报效果基本接近;AREMS和GRAPES对中雨以上量级预报时效主要在24h之内;AREMS在24h之内对中雨、大雨的预报效果好于GRAPES、WRF模式。定性检验显示,WRF对强降水的量级和降水中心落区有较好的参考意义;AREMS模式对系统性降水的雨带走向预报较好,雨带比实况略偏北,量级比实况偏小;GRAPES模式对强降水雨带走向预报与AREMS模式类似,但对各量级的降水预报范围偏大。 相似文献
2.
西南区域中心模式SWC-WARMS降水偏差分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文利用2014—2015年5—10月12(24)h累积降水资料和西南区域模式(SouthWest Center WRF ADAS Real-time Modeling System,SWC-WARMS)36(72 h)预报时效内降水预报资料,从概率和频次角度分析不同海拔高度地区观测和模式降水在量级及空间分布上的特征差异。结果表明,SWC-WARMS模式各预报时效各量级降水的概率密度均比观测偏大,并向10 mm以下雨量集中,且随预报时效延长偏大更显著;模式与观测降水的概率密度曲线差异在盆地小于高原,地形差异小的区域小于地形差异大的区域。SWC-WARMS模式对四川地区降水预报存在雨日较观测明显偏多,量级偏大,降水频次高值区范围偏大、出现虚假高值区等系统性偏差。此外,模式预报在20—08时比08—20时优,24 h累积降水预报优于12 h降水预报,尤以中雨及以上量级降水落区预报为甚。最后,模式极端强降水预报在20—08、20—20时较实况偏大,08—20时,模式预报在盆地较实况偏小,川西高原和攀西地区偏大。 相似文献
3.
4.
采用客观降水检验方法,对GRAPES中尺度模式2011年4月1日～2012年3月31日广东降水预报进行了分级降水检验、时空分布演变评估以及降水预报个例分析。结果表明:随着降水量级和预报时效提高,模式降水预报质量呈现下降趋势;模式能够对降水过程时间演变做出准确的预报,对于实况较小的降水,模式存在预报比实况偏大的问题,而对于实况较大的降水,模式存在预报比实况偏小的问题;模式不能很好预报出与地形有关的广东3个降水中心;通过对一次台风降水预报个例分析表明,模式24 h预报能较好反映雨带分布和暴雨中心。 相似文献
5.
应用国家气象中心模式检验方法对GRAPES_Meso V3.0模式2008年2月-2009年3月的试验预报产品,如降水、中低层高度、温度和风场预报进行统计检验。检验结果表明:V3.0模式降水预报性能得到明显改善,年及四季平均的各级降水TS评分显著提高,除了秋、冬季的48h中雨和暴雨预报外,TS评分明显高于V2.5模式,但V3.0模式的预报偏差偏大,中雨以上偏大更明显。从预报的季节平均降水率分布来看,对秋、冬季我国东部24h降水预报偏小改进明显,对春、夏季强降水中心位置及强度预报也好于V2.5模式,但是48h降水预报明显偏大,逐日降水率演变图也印证了这一点。此外,V3.0模式对500hPa高度和风场及48h预报的850hPa风场和温度场改进显著,对于850hPa高度和温度的24h预报,除夏季外,其他季节预报效果优于业务模式。 相似文献
6.
GRAPES模式对湖北省汛期强降水预报的分类检验分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用常规观测资料及GFS资料(1°×1°),选取2005-2008年汛期22次湖北省强降水天气过程,按照其影响系统分为低槽型、台风型和副高外围型三类,对GRAPES模式(2.1版本)预报效果进行分类检验分析,结果表明:(1)就低槽型降水而言,0-24 h预报时效内,模式对晴雨、小雨、大雨的预报效果在三类降水中最好,24～48 h则中雨预报效果最好,0～24 h预报效果总体而言优于24～48 h.模式预报的主要降水区从雨型、雨区范围和雨强的分布特征均与实况较为一致,预报的主要偏差在于强中心位置偏离和强度偏弱.(2)就台风型降水而言,0～24 h预报时效内,模式对中雨和暴雨的预报效果在三类降水中最好,24～48 h,则晴雨、小雨、大雨、暴雨预报效果最好,24～48 h预报效果总体而言优于0～24 h.模式对台风的主体降水落区把握得比较好,和实况较为一致,但对于台风外围云系产生的降水往往与实况差别较大,另外,主体降水中暴雨落区预报总是比实况偏小.(3)副高外围型降水在上述两个预报时次中,各量级的评分成绩均为最低,0～24 h预报效果总体而言优于24～48 h.模式对副高外围局地性强降水过程预报能力较弱,基本不具备预报中雨以上降水的能力.最后对(;RAPES模式的进一步改进提出了一些建议. 相似文献
7.
利用武汉中心气象台研发的“武汉区域气象中心天气轨道业务产品检验与评估平台”,对武汉区域气象中心在业务中使用的T213、AREM、日本数值预报模式和德国数值预报模式在2007年主汛期的降水预报进行了分级降水检验以及时空分布演变综合评估。结果表明,日本数值预报模式的综合预报性能最好,AREM次好,各模式均存在对强降水预报漏报率偏大的问题;AREM模式对降水带分布和中心强度的预报与实况最接近,表现出对降水带分布较强的预报能力,其它模式对强降水中心位置及强度的预报均有一定偏差;四种数值模式对区域强降水过程的发展趋势具有较强的预报能力,但降水量预报与实况有一定的差距。 相似文献
8.
2013年汛期华中区域业务数值模式降水预报检验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为充分了解华中区域中尺度业务数值预报模式更新为WRF后的预报性能,对该模式2013年汛期24 h和48 h的累积降水预报产品,采用TS评分、预报正确率、漏报率、空报率、偏差及ETS评分等统计量对其进行了较详细的评估。结果表明：从日平均降水率分布来看,24 h预报的降水中心位置和强度与实况更接近,48 h的预报明显偏大、偏强;汛期总体降水检验表明,该模式的降水预报以偏大为主,随着降水量级的增大,TS和ETS评分逐渐减小,且ETS评分逐渐靠近TS;逐月降水检验结果发现,该区域汛期月晴雨预报正确率与雨日率呈正相关;通过梅雨期WRF与GRAPES_Meso的预报对比检验可见,两个模式都表现出了较好的预报性能。值得指出的是,随着降水量级的增大,WRF模式降水预报优势逐渐显现。总的来说,该模式的降水预报产品具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
9.
10.
将T213降水预报资料插值到孝感市各测站上，对24h、48h降水预报做了客观统计检验。分析结果表明：T213对孝感市有无降水预报具有较好的指导意义；强降水48h预报有比较好的参考作用。通过的降水预报误差的分析发现，在一般情况下，T213降水预报值要比实况偏大。 相似文献
11.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
12.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
13.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
14.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
17.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
18.
19.
《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
DING Yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe Co-Chief Editors 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):669-670
As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July 1925.According to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general public.By upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific papers.Some could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields. 相似文献