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为研究双偏振雷达资料在冬季冰雹监测预警中的应用,利用厦门S波段双偏振雷达资料,分析了2016年12月21日福建漳州冰雹的回波特征。发现在降雹过程中,最强回波达69 dBZ,三体散射回波径向长度达16 km,旁瓣回波切向宽达20 km,低层的钩状回波与入流缺口明显;冰雹区的差分反射率因子Z_(dr)和差分相位常数K_(dp)数值小,冰水混合区的相关系数ρ_(hv)较低。分析表明:此冰雹个例并非典型的超级单体,但存在超级单体的部分偏振回波特征,回波前侧下沉气流存在Z_(dr)弧,可延伸到中层,在入流缺口和后侧下沉气流处,Z_(dr)柱和K_(dp)柱成对出现,中层存在CC的低值环。 相似文献
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双偏振天气雷达Z_(dr)系统偏差是影响雷达数据质量的关键因素,本文利用南京信息工程大学C波段双偏振天气雷达,对90°仰角天顶扫描数据在Z_(dr)系统偏差订正中的应用进行了分析,同时增加90°仰角定点观测模式,讨论并确认了方位旋转关节对Z_(dr)测量结果的影响,在双偏振天气雷达雷达Z_(dr)系统偏差订正中加入了方位旋转关节因素。研究结果表明:选择合适的90°仰角数据,不仅可以对接收双通道不一致造成的Z_(dr)固定系统偏差进行订正,还能够进一步检测由方位旋转关节衰减不同引起的误差;利用90°仰角数据对Z_(dr)的系统偏差进行订正,稳定性和精度较高,满足双偏振天气雷达Z_(dr)精度要求。 相似文献
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旋转关节的质量在很大程度上影响了双偏振天气雷达双通道信号的一致性,由于现实生产工艺中旋转关节在结构上的不对称,造成双偏振天气雷达差分反射率因子(Z_(dr))的系统偏差随方位角和俯仰角发生变化,极大地影响了利用雷达数据进行定量估测降水及相态识别的精度。文章利用南京信息工程大学C波段双偏振天气雷达机内信号源的连续波输出对该雷达的方位旋转关节和俯仰旋转关节造成的Z_(dr)测量误差进行了检测,结果表明旋转关节对双偏振天气雷达Z_(dr)的测量结果有一定的影响,综合VCP扫描模式及RHI扫描模式的结果得出旋转关节造成的影响较为稳定,为进一步利用雷达数据进行旋转关节误差订正提供了一定理论支撑。 相似文献
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双线偏振天气雷达有效探测范围研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《高原气象》2016,(1)
双线偏振天气雷达是当前一种比较先进的天气雷达,它能同时获取云和降水特性的参量包括强度(Z_h)、速度(V)、谱宽(W)、差反射率(Z_(dr))、差传输相移(Φ_(dp))、比相差(K_(dp))和相关系数(p_(hv))。这些参量的数据精度决定了识别云和降水粒子及遥测区域降雨量的准确性。这些数据精度与回波信号的信噪比密切相关,当信噪比低于20 dB时(不同雷达有差异),偏振数据的精度明显变差;同时也与雷达的空间分辨率有关,当距离雷达较远时,由于雷达波束的展宽,其回波功率包含不同的水成物粒子的信号,这些都会带来数据精度的误差,影响偏振天气雷达的正确应用。另外,由于受到雷达发射功率的限制,在保证探测数据精度(也就是信号强度要满足信噪比的要求)的前提下,偏振数据的探测距离远低于强度信号的探测距离。为了保证回波信号有足够的信噪比和合适的空间分辨率,双偏振天气雷达的探测范围必须被控制在一个有效的范围内。本文结合偏振雷达探测数据的分析,从保证偏振天气雷达偏振参量数据精度的要求出发,研究探讨了我国现有的不同偏振天气雷达的有效探测范围,其结果对偏振雷达的设计生产和应用有重要的参考作用。 相似文献
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与新一代天气雷达相比,双偏振雷达能发射水平和垂直极化偏振波,具有更多的测量信息,利于区分降水和非降水回波,在雷达定量估测降水中发挥着重要作用。本文根据双偏振雷达的测量变量(水平反射率、差分反射率和相关系数)及降水与非降水回波的结构特征,发展了一套S波段双偏振雷达数据质量控制算法,重点研究晴空回波和生物回波的识别。利用上海南汇WSR-88D偏振雷达的观测数据做测试和评估,评估结果表明该算法对南汇偏振雷达非降水回波识别准确率达93%以上,且对降水回波的误判率仅为3.82%。 相似文献
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2019年8月,中国电子科技集团第十四研究所南京恩瑞特实业有限公司研制的GLC-12A型移动X波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达在江苏大丰进行外场观测。根据该雷达外场观测资料,联合盐城新一代SA天气雷达和江苏省6个雨量站资料,对移动X波段双线偏振雷达做数据质量分析。结果表明,针对同一次降水过程而言,距离越远,衰减越大。为了降低衰减造成的观测误差,首先利用信噪比对差分反射率Zdr、零滞后相关系数ρhv(0)进行偏差订正,提高Zdr和ρhv(0)的数据质量,以便进行地杂波、生物回波等非降水回波过滤。然后应用去抖动滤波后的差分传播相移率K dp或总差分传播相位Φdp表达在雨中距离雷达R处的总双向反射率因子衰减订正值。数据分析表明,订正后移动X波段双线偏振雷达数据质量得到了提高。 相似文献
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为评估南昌CINRAD/SAD双偏振天气雷达对地物杂波的抑制效果,使用2019年6—10月南昌单偏振雷达基数据和2022年同期南昌双偏振雷达基数据,对比分析了不同仰角和晴、雨条件下单、双偏振天气雷达反射率频率。结果表明：单、双偏振雷达在0.5°仰角因周边山区地形、建筑物遮挡的影响,在西北方向和东南方向存在明显的数据缺失。升级为双偏振雷达后,在各个仰角上周围反射率高频区的范围明显减小,雷达能有效消除雷达站点周边杂波的影响。晴天时,双偏振雷达对晴空杂波的过滤效果极佳;雨天时,双偏振雷达对南昌周边及梅岭山区的回波进行了弱化处理,可以有效减少地形回波、非气象回波的干扰。双偏振天气雷达产品差分相移率和相关系数能较清楚地辨别出虚假回波,可更好地用于确定降水粒子的信息。 相似文献
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目前我国新一代天气雷达正升级为双偏振体制,CINRAD/SA-D双偏振天气雷达对气象目标差分反射率(Z_(DR))的精确测量是参数标定的重要环节。对徐州双偏振雷达配置VCP-sect扫描模式,采用目标方位±5°的扇扫组合,且关闭地物等所有雷达滤波算法,用无人机分别携带2种标准金属球开展Z_(DR)标定试验。分析试验结果,发现采用40cm金属球,控制无人机与金属球间隔为68m时,Z_(DR)平均值为-0.265dB,最小为-0.125dB,最大为-0.375dB,满足雷达定标Z_(DR)的技术要求。研究结果为业务雷达开展双偏振雷达定标Z_(DR)提供了技术方案。 相似文献
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文章针对S波段双偏振天气雷达设计了一种改良的标准差分析方法,用以评估雷达数据质量,通过评估2022年2月-10月成都雷达基数据的数据质量,得到了如下结果：（1）对于正常雷达数据,改良的标准差计算方法与原始方法能得到相同趋势的标准差分布结果,计算异常雷达数据的标准差时,能得到更优的标准差分布结果。（2）成都雷达Zh数据质量存在较大波动,标准差低于SDZh标准值的比例仅43.67%。（3）成都雷达Zdr和CC数据质量较好,标准差低于SDZdr和SDCC标准值的比例分别为84.09%和87.10%,φdp的数据波动较大,标准差低于SDφdp上限的比例仅34.54%。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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DING Yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe Co-Chief Editors 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):669-670
As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July 1925.According to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general public.By upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific papers.Some could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields. 相似文献