共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
西太平洋副热带高压的年际变率受热带多个关键海区的海-气相互作用过程调控, 但彼此间的因果关联和影响机制尚不清楚。为揭示西太平洋副热带高压的年际变率与热带海温及大气环流异常之间的内在关联特性, 定义了三个关键海区以及赤道纬向西风区的特征指数, 并分别与西太平洋副热带高压强度、脊线指数进行了交叉小波和相干小波分析。研究发现:西太平洋副热带高压指数存在显著的2~3年和准5年的周期振荡, 20世纪八九十年代后, 由于暖池区海温及赤道纬向西风区的Hadley环流强迫加强, 致使副热带高压特征指数的2~3年周期振荡加强; 从位相关系看, 先是西太平洋副热带高压减弱南撤导致纬向西风加强, 其后影响赤道东太平洋海温升高, 同时暖水向东传, 使赤道中太平洋以及暖池区海温逐渐升高, 在Hadley环流作用下使副高加强北抬。基于上述西太平洋副热带高压的年际变率与热带海温及大气环流异常变化相关性诊断研究, 进一步探讨了造成这种相关性的影响机理和因果关联, 为揭示西太平洋副热带高压年际变率与热带海温及大气环流异常的相关性做探索研究。 相似文献
2.
副热带高压脊线移动的三维结构特征 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
文中定义了东西风交界面作为表征副热带高压脊线位置的动力学参量 ,并利用 NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均资料在三维空间中考察了东西风交界面的空间、时间变化特征。分析结果表明 :副热带高压位置移动以季节变化为主 ,季节变化由南北移动和斜率变化两类运动组成 ;副热带高压位置移动的年际变化和 ENSO事件关系密切 ;南半球副热带高压具有纬向对称的垂直结构 ,北半球副热带高压垂直结构较为复杂 ,尤其是西太平洋副热带高压表现出在全球副热带高压系统中的独特性。 相似文献
3.
西太平洋暖池对西北太平洋季风槽和台风活动影响过程及其机理的最近研究进展 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
本文回顾和综述了近年来关于西太平洋暖池对西北太平洋热带气旋和台风（TCs）活动影响过程及其机理的研究进展。文中首先简单回顾了近年来关于西太平洋暖池热状态和菲律宾周围对流活动变化特征及其对与TCs活动有关的南海夏季风爆发和西太平洋副热带高压的季节内、年际变异的影响过程和机理的研究;然后,本文系统地回顾了近年来关于西太平洋暖池热状态通过西北太平洋季风槽影响TCs活动年际和年代际变化的影响过程及其机理的研究。此外,文中还指出了关于西太平洋暖池对西北太平洋上空季风槽和TCs活动变异的热力和动力作用需进一步深入研究的科学问题。 相似文献
4.
利用所发展的P-σ九层区域气候模式较成功地模拟了东亚地区区域气候的季节与年际变化,结果表明,初夏南亚高压的季节性变化与亚洲夏季风的建立具有密切关系,成功地模拟出了降水的季节变化,但夏季降水模拟较差.实际嵌套场的引入,使降水模拟得以改善.实际海温的引入使得南亚高压的模拟增强,而西太平洋副高的模拟则与西太平洋暖池地区的海温具有密切关系,在厄尔尼诺年,与使用月平均海温相比,副高有明显的增强或减弱,副高对暖池降温的响应具有不确定性. 相似文献
5.
为去除全球变暖等压面抬升的影响、客观地反映西太平洋副热带高压的真实变化,本研究使用了1951~2017年NCEP/NCAR的月平均500hPa高度场再分析资料以及国家气候中心提供6~8月的大气环流指数,基于去除全球变暖影响的西太平洋副热带高压表征线,研究探讨了全球变暖背景下西太平洋副热带高压的变化。研究表明,去除全球变暖影响前(后)西太平洋副热带高压有面积指数增大(减小)、强度指数增强(减弱)和西伸脊点指数西伸(东退)的演变特征。可见,全球变暖可能是西太平洋副热带高压面积、强度和东西位置发生变化的原因之一。 相似文献
6.
南海暖池的季节和年际变化及其与南海季风爆发的关系 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：16
用ＬＥＶＩＴＵＳ和ＮＣＥＰ／ＮＣＡＲ ＯＩＳＳＴ资料,分析了南海暖池的季节和变化特征及其与西太平洋暖池和印度洋暖池的关系,讨论了南海暖池强度指数的年际变化与南海季风爆发时间的联系,结果指出,南海暖池有明显的季节变化牲,１２～２月隆冬季节最弱,３～４月迅速发展北上,６～９月达其盛期,整个南海均为高于２８℃的暖水,１０～１１月迅速减弱南退：在南海暖池盛期,整个南海均为高于２８℃的暖水最大厚度达５５ｍ, 相似文献
7.
利用1951—2007年NOAA延长重构的海温资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和中国160站降水资料,研究了夏季西太平洋暖池海温的年际变化特征及其与中国夏季降水的关系。结果表明,夏季西太平洋暖池海温异常具有明显的年际变化特征;夏季西太平洋暖池海温异常偏高(低)时,亚洲热低压减弱(加强),西太平洋副热带高压加强(减弱)、位置偏西(偏东),850 hPa风场上中国东部地区为偏北(南)风距平,使得东亚夏季风减弱(增强),导致长江中下游地区夏季降水偏多(少)。 相似文献
8.
IPCC AR4模式中夏季西太平洋副高南北位置特征的模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用IPCCAR4中8个气候系统模式的环流、对流和降水资料,结合实际的观测及再分析资料,从年际尺度上比较分析了这些气候系统模式对夏季西太平洋副热带高压南北位置、暖池对流和江淮降水关系的模拟能力,结果表明在西太平洋副热带高压随纬度分布的模拟中,经向分辨率高的模式存在一定的优势。在夏季西太平洋副热带高压的南北位置、暖池对流和江淮降水关系的模拟上,GFDL-CM2.1能合理地表征三者之间的关系;在影响东亚夏季风年际变化的东亚太平洋遥相关型的模拟上,GFDL-CM2.1和ECHAM5_MPI/OM能够较好地模拟出其特征,其中前者模拟结果要明显好于后者。同时利用GFDL-CM2.1在SRES A1B情景下的试验结果,EAP(East Asia/Pacific)指数与中国东部降水的变化关系得出,随着大气中二氧化碳浓度增加,在21世纪前期,江淮偏旱的概率较高;21世纪后期,江淮降水可能偏多。 相似文献
9.
近57a夏季西太平洋副高面积的年代际振荡及其与中国降水的联系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用1951—2007年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料及中国国家气候中心160站降水和环流特征指数,研究了近57 a来夏季平均的西太平洋副热带高压面积指数的气候变化特征及其对同期中国降水的影响。结果表明,在全球变暖的气候背景下,夏季副热带高压面积也表现出增大趋势,其中20世纪60年代中期和20世纪末显著增强,并呈现出准20 a的年代际周期变化特征。各周期中,中国同期降水及流场均出现较大调整：随着西太平洋副热带高压面积长期趋于增大,东亚夏季风异常偏弱,降水分布由＂北多南少＂转为＂北少南多＂,而降水线性增长的区域则呈现出较上一周期明显北移的特征。 相似文献
10.
春夏季节转换中西太平洋副热带高压东移与大尺度环流和温度场变化关系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
分析了由春向夏的季节转换过程中西太平洋副热带高压与大尺度环流和温度场之间的变化关系.结果表明:4月份,西太平洋副热带高压开始表现出向东移动特征,6月份它与向西移动的北美副高在东太平洋120～160 (W区域合并.这一期间,沿15～20 (N之间的纬圈环流同时表现出向东移动特征,该纬圈环流的上升支位于南海-西太平洋暖池一带,下沉支主要位于东太平洋180 (～120 (W区域.伴随上述变化,位于北半球太平洋的局地Hadley环流在纬向随时间表现出东强西弱变化特点.西太平洋副高向东移动与15～20 (N之间的纬圈环流和130 (W东太平洋局地Hadley环流在15～25 (N上空交汇、下沉密切相关.在由春向夏季节转换中,大气和海表温度关于赤道季节转换速率沿纬向表现出东慢西快差异,上述变化为西太平洋副热带高压的向东移动提供了有利的气候背景. 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
12.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
13.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
14.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
17.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
18.
19.
《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
20.
DING Yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe Co-Chief Editors 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(5):669-670
As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July 1925.According to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general public.By upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific papers.Some could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields. 相似文献