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基于定量评分模型的江西省气象为农服务满意度评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着气象为农服务"两个体系"和中央财政"三农"气象服务专项建设的不断深化,科学、便捷的气象为农服务满意度评价成为亟待解决的问题。基于面向涉农部门和农户两类用户的问卷调查资料,对2011—2013年江西省气象为农服务满意度进行了调查评价;评价内容包括服务方式、单项服务满意率、年度总体满意度、服务需求与建议等。采用差值赋值的方法,建立年度服务满意度定量评分模型,对满意度进行评定。结果显示,涉农部门的满意度为95.6—97.9分,农户的满意度为91.7—96.9分。文中评价方法具有易于操作、可比性强的特点,可为气象部门开展服务效益评估提供有益的参考。 相似文献
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基于德尔菲法的江西省“三农”气象服务效益评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用江西省2012年统计年鉴和20个农业气象服务体系和农村气象灾害防御体系（简称＂两个体系＂）建设实施县的专家测评调查结果（针对农业、林业、牧业、渔业4大重点行业和电力、水利、交通3个高相关行业的调查结果）,采用德尔菲法（专家评估法）,对2010—2013年江西省＂三农＂气象服务效益进行分析评估。结果表明,2010—2012年江西省农业总产值气象服务贡献率稳定在4.00%—4.90%,2012年＂三农＂气象服务对农业总产值效益的新增贡献率为2.6%。2010—2013年＂三农＂气象服务效益评估值分别为76.04、108.14、104.36和116.07亿元,投入产出比为1：3.3—1：7.8,2013年3个高相关行业的产值贡献率为4.0%—5.0%。 相似文献
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农业是受气象灾害影响最为敏感的行业,气象服务对于“三农”具有不可取代的作用,一个完整的气象服务能够让农民提前做好灾害规避。近年来,全球气候变暖引发的农业气象灾害频率增加、强度增强,给农村群众生命财产安全带来了十分严重的威胁。农业是受气象灾害影响最为敏感的行业,农村是气象灾害防御的脆弱区,农民是受灾影响最大的弱势群体。在这种形势下,气象服务对于“三农”具有不可取代的作用,一个完整的气象服务能够让农民们提前做好灾害规避。农业增产、农民增收、农村繁荣都离不开气象服务的支撑和保障,“三农”问题也一直是国家关注的“重中之重”,因此也进行了一系列政策扶持资金补贴。2011—2012年,国家财政专项拨款,支持中国气象局在全国开展“三农”气象服务试点,潜江市也被纳出其中。作为全国气象主管机构,中国气象局高度重视农业气象工作,在《全国气象发展“十三五”规划》中也对气象服务“三农”工作做了明确部署,指出要树立绿色协调的发展理念,加强气象与农业等相关部门间的沟通协调与数据信息共享,加强专业化农业气象技术支撑能力建设,加强自动化农业气象观测能力建设,深化特色农业、设施农业气象服务,合理开发农业气候资源,积极参与和保障生态文明建设,实现气象可持续发展。 相似文献
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大力提升气象为“三农”服务的能力和水平 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
近年来,浙江省积极开展农业农村气象工作,在农村气象灾害防御、农业气候资源开发、农业气象科技成果利用等方面,取得了明显成效。但当前气象为农服务工作还不能很好地满足农业现代化建设和广大农民群众的需求,存在农村气象灾害监测能力偏弱、农业气象服务针对性不强、农业气候资源开发利用率偏低、农村公共气象服务不够到位等问题。我们要站在统筹城乡发展、夯实农业农村发展基础和保障安全的高度,充分认识气象服务"三农"工作的 相似文献
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着力加强四大能力建设努力提升气象为农村改革发展服务水平 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
阐述了新时期推进农村改革发展对气象工作提出的新要求,以及农村防灾减灾、保障粮食安全、发展现代农业、农业应对气候变化对气象服务的新需求。面对新要求、新需求,江西气象部门必须坚持以科学发展观为指导,以服务农村经济社会发展和农民福祉安康为宗旨,以提高面向“三农”气象服务能力为核心,加快推进城乡公共气象服务均等化,着力建设发展适应江西省农业防灾减灾、农业应对气候变化、粮食安全保障、社会主义新农村建设需要的现代农业气象业务,着力发展农村公共气象服务,着力提升气象为农服务科技水平,努力实现气象为农村改革发展服务的新突破。 相似文献
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气象与"三农"工作关系密切,气象条件直接关系到农业的收成和农民的收入。通过调研现阶段宁海农业发展对气象服务的需求,分析了气象为农服务现状,着重从机制体制、服务效益、人才队伍等方面进行了剖析,针对存在的问题提出了相应的对策建议。 相似文献
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以江西气象工作服务国家生态文明先行示范区建设为例,从准确把握气象工作与生态文明建设的关系入手,全面阐述了建立生态文明建设气象保障机制的重要作用,介绍了江西省如何在气象灾害应急、气候变化适应与减缓、节能减排、环境保护气象、生态安全气象、国土资源、重大工程建设等方面探索建立气象保障机制的情况,并提出江西省在全面深化气象改革和全面推进气象现代化进程中,应进一步突出生态文明建设气象保障机制建设,并形成有效运行的制度体系。 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献