共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 201 毫秒
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利用1971—1980年1、4、7、10月我国甲种日射站定时日射观测的瞬时日射资料,计算了瞬时光照度平均值,并给制了相应时间的全国瞬时总照度和散射照度分布图。根据这些光气候图,简要介绍了我国瞬时光气候分布情况。 相似文献
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根据日射站网观测资料,利用辐射光当量在不进行专门的照度观测情况下,可以获得照度数值。苏联地球物理观象总台在地方水文观象台、北极和南极科研所参加下进行了辐射光当量研究。全苏挑选了最有代表性而且有10年观测资料的145个日射站的资料利用辐射光当量进行了分析,获得了自然光照度状况资料,并计算其气候平均值。一、地面自然光照度和辐射光当量 1.地面自然光照度某一地方的光状况决定于三种光源:(1)太阳;(2)天空,即散射阳光的大气;(3)反射到地面的阳光和天空的光。光状况的基本特征是地面的照度E。根据照度可了解到地面单位面积dS的光通量dF,即E=dF/dS。照度单位采用勒克斯。在没有云或有少量云时,任何表面上自然光总照度E_o由 相似文献
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本文根据1983—1984年全国14个不同气候特点的日射站每日逐时照度与日射同步观测资料计算了总辐射光当量值,提出用纬度、海拔高度、地面平均绝对湿度和日照时数建立计算总辐射光当量的多元回归方程。用14个测站全年和各月平均总辐射光当量值检验所建立多元回归方程计算的相应总辐射光当量值表明,计算值的相对误差均小于10％。 我们用14个测站资料建立的计算总辐射光当量回归方程计算了全国464个测站的总辐射光当量值。总照度可由总辐射光当量与总辐射的乘积获得。根据各测站的总辐射光当量和总辐射值,便可计算出这些测站的光气候值,绘制我国光气候图。 相似文献
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气溶胶光散射信息是辐射传输模拟、气候学研究及大气海洋遥感等的重要前提,由于其基础性地位,气溶胶光散射数值模拟一直是大气科学领域的研究热点。本文简明扼要地对气溶胶光散射数值模拟技术的研究现状进行了综述,主要内容包括以下3个方面:(1)总结和分析了Mie散射理论在实际应用的局限性;(2)对气溶胶光散射理论进行了归类,概述了其发展历程、研究现状,重点分析了不同散射理论的基本原理、适用范围、算法复杂度及相应的优缺点;(3)总结了气溶胶光散射研究中存在的问题,扼要地概括了气溶胶光散射数值模拟的研究热点及发展方向。 相似文献
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丰产茶园的光能利用率与光质的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
如何提高光能利用率以获得高产,这是茶叶生产中具有现实意义的课题。本文根据杭州茶叶试验场一个丰产茶园(十一亩多)近20年的产量资料和杭州同期的太阳辐射资料,分析了丰产茶园的光能利用率以及光质(散射和直射)与光能利用率的关系。 相似文献
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席旸旸 《南京气象学院学报》2009,(4):319-322
采用ＣＡ３１３０光电变换电路和ＡＴ８９Ｓ５２单片机,结合模糊算法以及ＰＷＭ控制方式设计了一种用于工作照明的照度控制器,实现了工作照明照度的精细控制,改善了光环境的舒适度． 相似文献
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黄山顶大气气溶胶吸收和散射特性观测分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
采用光声黑碳仪（PASS）2008年5～7月在黄山光明顶的连续观测资料,分析了该地区大气气溶胶吸收和散射系数变化特征及其与气象因子的关系。分析结果表明：在相对干燥的条件下（相对湿度小于60%）吸收散射系数日变化明显,总体上白天大,晚上小;相对湿度与吸收和散射系数有很强的正相关性,相关系数分别为0.87和0.80,而风速与散射吸收系数则呈现负相关关系,吸收系数、散射系数与风速的相关系数分别为-0.53和-0.78;湿清除使大气气溶胶的吸收和散射系数明显降低;与在平原地区的南京相比,黄山山顶的吸收和散射系数日变化趋势与南京相反,且数值比南京小一个量级。 相似文献
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谷德高 《南京气象学院学报》1994,17(4):512-515
通过对自然光３年的逐日观测表明，一定照度的光时受天气状况影响发生明显变化，晴天光时长、阴雨天光时短，低温伴随着短光时。武汉地区光照度（Ｅ）大于５０ｌｘ，光时大于１３ｈ ４５ｍｉｎ的持续时间是６月￣８月１日，该时段内基本可满足光敏核不育的光照条件。 相似文献
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THE LIGHT EQUIVALENT OF TOTAL SOLAR RADIATION AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE CALCULATION OF ILLUMINATION CLIMATOLOGY 
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下载免费PDF全文 Wu Qikuang 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1988,2(4):500-506
From 1983 to 1984,14 solar radiation observation stations which are located in different climate zoneswere chosen for the simultaneous observation of natural illumination with the hourly observation of insola-tion every day.In this paper,according to the data the light equivalent of total solar radiation (LEOTSR)has been given.A multivariate regression equation is employed to calculate the annual and monthly meanvalues of the LEOTSR at 14 observation stations.The variables of the equation include latitude,elevation,surface mean absolute humidity and sunshine duration.The results show that the relative errors are lessthan 10%.The LEOTSR for 464 observation stations was calculated by means of the multivariate regression equationswhich were obtained by the data of 14 observation stations.The total illumination is given by the LEOTSRmultiplying the total radiation.The climatological values of total illumination for each station are alsocalculated according to its LEOTSR and solar radiation.Finally,the climatological charts of total illuminationin China have been drawn. 相似文献
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河北省太阳总辐射经验系数两种气候学计算方法的比较分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用河北省周边8个日射站逐月日照百分率资料和太阳总辐射资料,采用最小二乘法拟合经验系数a、b,然后分别通过纬度分区和反距离权重插值两种方法得到河北省142个测站的经验系数a、b,并据此求出河北省内四个具有辐射观测数据台站的总辐射值,对比分析了实测值与不同经验系数下总辐射估算值之间的差异。结果表明：纬度分区和反距离权重插值两种方法所建立的太阳总辐射量估算公式的模拟精度总体差别不大,但采用纬度分区法所得的经验系数,在计算太阳辐射年总量时与实际观测值更为接近,因此建议采用纬度分区法计算河北省各地太阳总辐射量。 相似文献
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Analysis of 40 year records of solar radiation data in Shanghai,Nanjing and Hangzhou in Eastern China 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Summary In this paper, we analyze global, direct and diffuse solar radiation data on a horizontal surface observed at stations in Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou for the period of 1961 to 2000. The data include monthly averages of the daily clearness index (G/G0: the ratio of global to extraterrestrial solar radiation) and the diffuse fraction (D/G: the ratio of diffuse to global solar radiation. The present study has processed and analyzed the data, including variables or statistics of mean, and annual monthly and daily total, the diurnal variation and the frequency of daily totals of global solar radiation. A correlation between daily values of clearness index and diffuse fraction is obtained and recommended correlation equations were calculated. The annual variations and trend of yearly series are analyzed for daily global, direct and diffuse radiation on a horizontal surface, as well as for daily clearness index and diffuse fraction in Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou. The results show: 1) the east China is characterized by a decrease in global and direct radiation and a little increase in diffuse radiation and a negative linear relationship was obtained between clearness index and diffuse fraction. 2) The annual variations of global, direct and diffuse radiation for Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou are similar with relative low values of global and direct radiation in June due to the Meiyu period. 3) The acceleration of air pollution and decrease of relative sunshine are the possible causes for the decrease of global and direct radiation. 相似文献
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E. A. Samukova E. V. Gorbarenko A. E. Erokhina 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2014,39(8):514-520
Presented are the results of the analysis of the series of seasonal and annual means of short-wave solar radiation measured at 180 actinometric stations of Europe in 1964–2010. It is demonstrated that there are two strongly pronounced periods, namely, the decrease from the early 1960s to the late 1980s and the increase in the subsequent 20 years. Total solar radiation decreased by 1.8% per 10 years on average during the first period and increased by 2.9% per 10 years during the second period. The increase in solar radiation during the second period is observed at the majority of stations due to the increase in the direct solar radiation (by 8.3% per 10 years on average). The diffuse radiation decreased by 3.1% on average for that period. The highest values of the ratio of the diffuse radiation to the direct one were registered in the 1980s–early 1990s. 相似文献
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H. Z. Che G. Y. Shi X. Y. Zhang J. Q. Zhao Y. Li 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2007,89(1-2):83-94
Summary Forty years of daily global and diffuse radiation data have been used to characterize the atmospheric optical conditions at
14 premium radiation stations in China. The clearness index (K
T
), diffuse ratio (K
D
), and diffuse coefficient (K
C
) have been analyzed for long-term and seasonal variations, correlations of relative sunshine (R
S
) versus clearness index and diffuse coefficient, respectively. Two polynomial models have been developed to simulate clearness
index and diffuse ratio by using relative sunshine data and have been shown to be reasonable at most of the 14 stations. The
results show that there are significant declining trends in clearness index and increasing trends in diffuse ratio at most
of the 14 premium radiation stations, but there are no significant trends for diffuse coefficient. The seasonal variations
of clearness index are determined by the regional climate and changes with relative sunshine. 相似文献
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1993—2013年中国地面太阳辐射的变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据1993—2013年中国15个省份16个站点的辐射观测数据,采用线性倾向估计分析了近20年来中国不同地区的地面太阳辐射的变化特征,并分析了散射系数（散射辐射和直接辐射之比）的变化情况。结果表明：1993—2013年间地面太阳总辐射在西部和东北地区呈上升趋势,在中部和东部地区呈下降趋势。直接辐射在中部地区呈上升趋势,在其他地区表现为下降趋势。散射辐射和散射系数除了新疆的乌鲁木齐和甘肃的兰州减小外,在所有地区几乎都呈上升趋势。散射辐射最大在东南沿海地区,最小在西北（新疆的乌鲁木齐）,但是散射系数在中东部地区相对较大。 相似文献