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针对增城的气象为农服务方式单一、科普工作覆盖面不够、服务水平存在差距、气象灾害发生时应对措施较为落后、农户对相关的气象知识了解不够等问题,建议拓展气象为农服务的方式,着力提高农业气象灾害预报针对性和精准性,增加农业气象科普次数,切实为推动增城现代化农业发展以及农村经济建设提供科学的支撑. 相似文献
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科普讲解工作是一项集知识、语言、技巧为一体的艺术性服务工作。气象科普讲解员素质、能力的高低,直接影响气象科普知识的传播质量和影响面。高质量的科普服务需要高质量的科普讲解人才,讲解员在具备行业基本素质后,讲解技巧便成为决定讲解效果的关键。针对我省气象科普工作现状,将气象科普知识讲解技巧归纳为以下几个部分。 相似文献
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通过对德保县气象服务的工作现状与农村对气象服务需求分析,提出增强气象服务新农村建设的思路.建议通过由政府牵头、气象部门落实,行业联手、优势互补,完善信息发布渠道,建立为新农村建设专用气象灾害预警系统,以及形式多样的气象科普宣传与服务工作相结合等方法.以增强气象服务在建设社会主义新农村中的作用,促进新农村建设的可持续发展... 相似文献
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气象科技如何走向市场,在市场中发展,是新时期值得研究讨论的问题。社会的进步和经济的发展,现代化通讯手段在城乡的逐步普及,给气象信息的传输创造了一定的必要的条件。在这样的情况下,气象科技不仅要为人类社会的进步和发展服务,而且还要为群众日常生活生产服务。在计划经济时代,气象部门长期处于封闭式工作之中,不少至今仍没有多大改善,这样的工作形态已与社会发展需求远远不相适应了。如果气象工作的思想观念和工作作风还停留在过去的基点上,那么生存空间将会越来越窄,特别是我们这样的内陆山区县,气象事业的发展将更为缓慢… 相似文献
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1引言气象服务是气象工作的重要内容之一,而决策气象服务又是气象服务工作的核心内容。逐步建设包括国家、省、市、县四级的灾害性天气预警、人工增雨防雹、农业气象服务、地质灾害预警等内容在内的决策气象服务系统。因此,为了提升各级政府及相关部门防灾减灾能力,促进社会和经济的持续发展,提高政府对公益性机构的投入效益,建立和发展与时俱进的现代决策气象服务系统已经成为公共气象服务发展的必然走向。2现代决策气象服务系统的构建决策气象服务既然是为政府机关及职能部门提供气象服务,必须重视服务对象的需求,形成新型的服务体系。2.1… 相似文献
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综观目前气象科普服务,存在服务内容、传播主体较为分散,准确性、权威性和实用性不足,对公众的吸引力、指导作用不强等问题。文章对科普知识内容和传播建设进行了构思设计,提出了以与公众生活密切相关的气象防灾减灾科普知识为突破点开展系统性的气象科普工作。建议由专业的气象服务机构开展气象科普服务知识内容库建设,气象科普知识内容库首先以与公众生活密切相关的气象防灾减灾知识为重点进行建设,而后逐步覆盖气象科普其他方面的知识内容;通过多渠道建设高公信度气象科普传播体系,尤其应重视借助新兴“短、平、快、广”第三方媒体平台进行传播,同时可采取内容库授权等方式扩大气象科普传播渠道。 相似文献
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总结分析了陕西省气象局减灾服务中心成立五年来,在探索实践具有陕西特色的"小实体·大网络"决策和应急气象服务机制方面所开展的工作,特别是在决策气象服务、应急气象服务和气象灾害应急指挥部办公室实体化运行等方面取得的主要成效。指出深入推进决策应急和气象防灾减灾工作,必须坚持"需求牵引、服务引领"发展理念,切实提高思想认识,着力抓好基础核心业务、气象灾害应急指挥部办公室实体化运行及技术支撑能力提升等工作,努力向综合性气象防灾减灾方向发展,全面推进陕西公共气象服务的健康快速发展。 相似文献
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我局从1999～2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格. 相似文献
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The impact of high resolution modern vegetation cover on the West African climate is examined using the International Centre for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model implementing the NCAR Community Land Model. Two high resolution 25 km long-term simulations driven by the output from a coarser 50-km resolution simulation are performed for the period 1998–2010. One high resolution simulation uses an earlier and coarser-resolution version of plant functional type distribution and leaf area index, while the other uses a more recent, higher-quality, and finer-resolution version of the data. The results indicate that the new land cover distribution substantially alters the distribution of temperature with warming in Central Nigeria, northern Gulf of Guinea and part of the Sahel due to the replacement of C4 grass with corn; and cooling along the coastlines of the Gulf of Guinea and in Central Africa due to the replacement of C4 grass with tropical broadleaf evergreen trees. Changes in latent heat flux appear to be largely responsible for these temperature changes with a net decrease (increase) in regions of warming (cooling). The improved land cover distribution also results in a wetter monsoon season. The presence of corn tends to favor larger precipitation amounts via more intense events, while the presence of tropical broadleaf evergreen trees tends to favor the occurrence of both more intense and more frequent events. The wetter conditions appear to be sustained via (1) an enhanced soil moisture feedback; and (2) elevated moisture transport due to increased low-level convergence in regions south of 10N where the most substantial land cover differences are present. Overall the changes induced by the improved vegetation cover improve, to some extent, the performance of the high resolution regional climate model in simulating the main West African summer monsoon features. 相似文献
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由中国历史气候记录对季风导致唐朝灭亡说的质疑 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张德二 《气候变化研究进展》2008,4(2):126-130
2007年1月4日杂志发表了Yancheva等10人的题为"Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East-Asian monsoon"(热带辐合带对东亚季风的影响)的论文[1],这是德国波兹坦地学研究中心气候动力与沉积学科的主管豪格(G.H.Haug)率领的科研小组的一项成果,认为是季风的变化引起的长期干旱导致了唐朝的灭亡. 相似文献
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Summary ?Some features of the climate system that can be considered predictors of the onset and end of the convective season over
the Amazon were identified using one-month lag correlations and field composites. The fields analyzed were sea surface temperature
(SST), outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), vertical velocity and upper tropospheric winds.
Warm (cold) anomalies in the SST in the tropical North Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea tend to be associated with delayed (early)
onsets. Likewise, there is a tendency towards a delayed (early) end of the convective season with cold (warm) anomalies in
these ocean regions. In addition, the SST in the cold tongue region of the equatorial Pacific is negatively, though weakly
correlated with the onset date. The signal of this SST is more evident in the case of the end date, which is earlier with
respect to its mean date in most of El Ni?o cases.
The convective activity intensity itself conditions the onset and the end of the convective season, as it is evidenced by
the behavior of the OLR and the vertical velocity fields. The more (less) intense the convective activity over South America
during the preceding month, the earlier the onset and the later the end of the convective season on the Amazon region.
The prediction of the onset and end dates of the convective season in the Amazon region was explored using a simple multiple
regression technique based on the variables that have shown precursor signals with respect to these dates. The correlation
coefficient between the predicted and the observed onset date is 0.81, and in the case of the end date, it is 0.76. The skill
to predict early, delayed and normal categories was high, since in more than two thirds of the cases the category was successfully
predicted, and there were no predictions of categories opposed to those observed.
Received July 23, 2001; revised February 22, 2002; accepted April 26, 2002 相似文献
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Comparing the theoretical versions of the Beaufort scale, the T-Scale and the Fujita scale 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
G. Terence Meaden S. Kochev L. Kolendowicz A. Kosa-Kiss Izolda Marcinoniene Michalis Sioutas Heino Tooming John Tyrrell 《Atmospheric Research》2007,83(2-4):446-449
2005 is the bicentenary of the Beaufort Scale and its wind-speed codes: the marine version in 1805 and the land version later. In the 1920s when anemometers had come into general use, the Beaufort Scale was quantified by a formula based on experiment. In the early 1970s two tornado wind-speed scales were proposed: (1) an International T-Scale based on the Beaufort Scale; and (2) Fujita's damage scale developed for North America. The International Beaufort Scale and the T-Scale share a common root in having an integral theoretical relationship with an established scientific basis, whereas Fujita's Scale introduces criteria that make its intensities non-integral with Beaufort. Forces on the T-Scale, where T stands for Tornado force, span the range 0 to 10 which is highly useful world wide. The shorter range of Fujita's Scale (0 to 5) is acceptable for American use but less convenient elsewhere. To illustrate the simplicity of the decimal T-Scale, mean hurricane wind speed of Beaufort 12 is T2 on the T-Scale but F1.121 on the F-Scale; while a tornado wind speed of T9 (= B26) becomes F4.761. However, the three wind scales can be uni-fied by either making F-Scale numbers exactly half the magnitude of T-Scale numbers [i.e. F′half = T / 2 = (B / 4) − 4] or by doubling the numbers of this revised version to give integral equivalence with the T-Scale. The result is a decimal formula F′double = T = (B / 2) − 4 named the TF-Scale where TF stands for Tornado Force. This harmonious 10-digit scale has all the criteria needed for world-wide practical effectiveness. 相似文献
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准两年振荡对大气中微量气体分布的影响 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6
NCAR的包含化学、辐射、动力相互作用的两维模式（SOCRATES）移植回国后进行了初步的模拟试验,用以研究某些对环境问题重要的微量气体的化学、辐射、动力传输过程。在不考虑极地平流层云和气溶胶表面非均相化学等情况下,模式积分多年,计算结果稳定,模拟的风场、温度场显示出正常的季节变化,模拟的微量气体分布与卫星实测资料对照,结果也比较一致。为了探讨热带平流层风场的准两年周期振荡（QBO）对平流层微量气体分布的影响,我们做了QBO强迫的数值试验,即在模式中加入QBO强迫,并与不考虑QBO强迫的模拟结果对比。结果表明,QBO与其相关的次级环流所引起动力输送的变化,使平流层微量气体分布发生变化。 相似文献
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Chunguang CUI Wen ZHOU Hao YANG Xiaokang WANG Yi DENG Xiaofang WANG Guirong XU Jingyu WANG 《大气科学进展》2023,40(4):711-724
Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230... 相似文献
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流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用 总被引：10，自引：8，他引：10
本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用. 相似文献