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GRAPES模式对2011/2012年冬季寒潮天气过程预报能力的检验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用台站常规观测资料和NCEP-FNL再分析资料,检验了GRAPES（Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction Enhanced System）对2011/2012年冬季我国寒潮天气过程的预报能力。结果表明,GRAPES模式能较好地预报出该冬季4次寒潮过程的明显降温、高低空环流形势及冷平流的入侵,模式对2月22日寒潮的预报效果较差。对于强降温预报,在1月18日、2月5日及2月14日寒潮过程中,模式在新疆部分地区、云贵高原和四川盆地的预报效果较差。在2月22日寒潮中,我国东部地区出现了较大偏差,模式预报的500 hPa上阻塞高压及东亚大槽等系统的强度和位置出现较大偏差。4次过程中,模式预报的冷、暖平流在我国东北部大小兴安岭及长江流域以南有较大偏差。对于2月22日寒潮,模式预报新疆地区、大兴安岭和辽宁的冷平流范围和强度、及长江流域以南暖平流的范围和强度都要大于实况,导致此次寒潮温度预报误差大,这可能与在地形区域模式物理过程存在一定误差有关。 相似文献
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GRAPES模式对长江流域天气预报的检验分析 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
GRAPES是中国新一代数值天气预报模式。使用GRAPES中尺度模式产品和常规观测资料,分析检验了2005、2006年汛期发生在长江流域的11次主要降水天气过程,得到:GRAPES模式对于长江流域的预报,无论是降水、天气形势还是物理量都有比较强的预报能力;GRAPES模式对级别较大的降水预报容易出现漏报,而不易出现空报,对于10mm以下的雨区预报比较准确,而对于大于50mm的雨区预报,尤其是大于100mm的降水中心存在较大的偏差;对于西太平洋副热带高压的预报比实际情况偏南、偏东;对于水汽通量散度的预报与实际情况比较吻合。 相似文献
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利用GRAPES_meso中尺度模式和三维资料变分同化系统,以国家气象中心T213L31全球模式预报结果作为第一猜场,在对我国南方地区的探空、地面站、自动气象站和13部雷达观测径向风进行同化的基础上,对2008年6月中旬造成南方多个省份大暴雨的一次冷锋过程和7月底在福建登陆的8号(凤凰)台风的数值预报结果进行了热力和动力检验,并对模式预报降水和降水系统的结构进行了分析,总结了冷锋系统中对流降水产生的有利条件和维持机制、以及台风登陆后的结构演变,发现这次冷锋具有较强的斜压性和锋区对流不稳定性,热力动力结构与梅雨锋类似。台风"凤凰"登陆后减弱为热带低气压,虽然受地面摩擦影响和水汽供应的减少而导致螺旋云系减弱,但热力结构依然清晰,暖心结构被削弱,呈现高层偏暖和低层偏冷、抑制对流发展的热力结构。通过分析,初步验证了GRAPES_meso模式对这两个个例强对流降水系统的刻画能力,但仍然有必要进行更多更细地检验。 相似文献
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应用国家气象中心模式检验方法,对华中区域中尺度业务数值预报模式WRF和中国气象局下发的GRAPES模式2013年1-12月的预报产品（包括降水、2 m温度场、850 hPa温度场、850 hPa风场和500 hPa位势高度场预报）进行统计检验。检验结果表明：所有要素24 h预报均优于48 h;对于晴雨预报,GRAPES模式TS评分高于WRF,但随着降水量级增大,WRF的TS评分基本都高于GRAPES,同时WRF降水预报范围明显偏大;分析2 m温度场的均方根误差及预报准确率发现,WRF的2 m温度场预报优于GRAPES,且暖季预报优于冷季;形势场要素分析表明,WRF对850 hPa温度场和风场预报具有相当大的优势,全年误差变化较稳定,而对500 hPa位势高度场的预报误差存在一定的季节性特征,即夏半年WRF高度场预报优于冬半年,GRAPES模式则相反。总体上,华中区域中尺度业务数值模式产品对天气预报具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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全球GRAPES等压面三维变分分析预报循环系统及试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用全球通讯系统GTS传输的常规观测资料和卫星资料,用全球与区域同化预报系统GRAPES(global/regional assimilation and prediction system)全球等压面三维变分分析和中期数值预报模式进行为期两个月6 h分析预报循环试验,并对分析结果进行了诊断分析。结果表明,位势高度在中低纬对流层顶及以上区域存在5~20 gpm负偏差,在100 hPa以下的南北极区域存在5~20 gpm正偏差;相对湿度在南极存在较大负偏差,在高层有较大正偏差。风场在赤道中高层有较明显的偏差。在500 hPa上北半球GRAPES位势高度与NCEP资料的均方根误差在10 gpm左右,南半球在15~24 gpm之间。与探空观测相比,经变分分析后,分析的偏差和均方根误差都有所减小,但位势高度背景场存在明显负偏差,而且在100 hPa以上位势高度改进不如低层明显。全球等压面三维变分分析预报循环试验表明,分析预报循环系统能稳定运行,但是分析和6 h预报场还存在系统性偏差。 相似文献
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GRAPES模式运行和质量初检 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GRAPES(Global and Regional Assimilation and Prediction System)是中国气象科学研究院数值预报研究中心自主开发的新一代静力/非静力多尺度通用数值预报模式。黑龙江省气象部门现已完成对该模式的移植,实现每天两次自动定时运行,以中国国家气象中心全球数值模式预报结果T213为初始场和外嵌套环境场,进行48h的预报,供预报业务和服务使用。对预报结果的初步检验表明GRAPES模式软件框架的设计和实现适合多种计算条件移植和运行;预报结果对业务和服务有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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陈贤 《中国气象科学研究院年报》2006,(1):38-39
由中国气象科学研究院灾害天气数值预报部主办的第4届中美GRAPES—WRF数值模式联合研讨会于2006年9月5-9日在浙江杭州召开。来自北京、上海、浙江、湖南等地的数十位数值预报研究与业务应用专家和美国国家大气研究中心（NCAR）的十几名数值模式专家欢聚一堂，交流各自在数值模式领域的研究进展及今后的发展方向。会议期间双方在数值模式动力框架、物理过程、并行计算、资料同化、科学应用等多个关键领域进行了广泛深入的交流， 相似文献
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GRAPES模式对2005年登陆强台风预报检验分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
针对2005年4个登陆强台风,在台风移动路径、登陆时间、地点、强度等方面,对GRAPES模式的预报能力进行检验评价, 并进行了误差原因分析。检验结果显示,GRAPES 模式台风中心位置预报24 h平均误差131 km,48 h平均误差252 km。模式预报台风登陆的时间、地点接近实况,预报比较准确;台风登陆时的强度预报偏弱。模式48 h预报准确性略低于24 h。误差原因分析表明,需要加强对非常规观测资料的同化应用,改进模式初始条件;提高模式分辨率,使得模式对中小尺度系统的预报模拟能力增强;改进模式地形的精细处理方法,提高模式对地形影响涡旋移动的模拟能力。 相似文献
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刘洪利 《中国气象科学研究院年报》2008,(1):19-20
（1）中国气象科学研究院自主开发的沙尘暴预报系统CUACE／Dusl与天气预报模式GRAPES实现了在线双向耦合运行。目前中国气象局业务运行的沙尘暴数值预报系统CUACE／Dust中的气象模式是MM5,大气成分中心利用我院自主开发的中尺度气象模式GRAPEs—Meso替换了MM5,建立了GRAPES_CUACE／Dust沙尘暴数值预报系统。同时把模式分辨率提高到0．5～0．5°, 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(4):227
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献