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1.
北方农牧交错带中部区域气候变化特征 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
分析北方农牧交错带中部区域1951-2005年温度、降水的变化特征,结果表明,研究区近55 a的气温和降水具有如下特征：1）增温明显,气温变率为0.4℃/10 a,不同季节增温幅度以冬、春、夏、秋依次递减;2）降水变化可分为3个阶段：20世纪50-60年代降水量呈减少趋势,70-80年代处于较平稳的过渡期,90年代以来降水量又呈现增加趋势。夏季降水与年降水变化趋势类似,秋季与冬季降水波动较小,基本保持平稳。研究区高温、干旱有所加强,暴雨、低温事件减少。 相似文献
2.
根据西安1951—2013年气温、降水,1971—2013年浅层地温,1981—2013年深层地温资料,采用线性倾向率、Mann-Kendall等方法分析西安气候变化。结果表明:1)西安近63a气温增温明显,降水缓慢波动下降;各层年平均地温呈升温趋势,160cm升温最大,15cm升幅最小。2)年及四季平均气温除夏季在20世纪70—80年代呈下降趋势,其余各年代际均呈上升趋势,21世纪后升温最为迅速;各年代际降水呈显著波动趋势。3)西安气候变暖主要表现在春、冬季;四季降水均有所减少,夏、秋两季降水量占年降水量的70%以上,主导年降水量的变化。4)西安年平均气温、地温20世纪90年代发生升温突变,与城市化快速发展时期相吻合。 相似文献
3.
日喀则近53年气候变化特征分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
利用线性趋势函数及Mann-Kendall突变检测分析法,分析了西藏藏南河谷日喀则气象站气温及降水近53年的气候变化特征。结果表明,年平均气温与极端气温均呈上升趋势,而最高气温的上升趋势尤为明显,年降水量波动上升。冬春季增温趋势较秋、夏季更为明显,春夏季降水呈增加趋势,而秋季降水略有减少。Mann-Kendall突变检测表明,近53年日喀则地区气温有明显的增暖趋势,但20世纪60—70年代变冷趋势亦十分显著,在2001年温度发生一次突变。年降水量在1958年发生了由少向多的突变,但这一突变仅维持到20世纪60年代中期。 相似文献
4.
达州近50年气候变化特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
罗贵东 《高原山地气象研究》2008,28(4):72-75
采用气候倾向率和趋势系数方法对达州6个气象站1960年以来气温、降水资料进行统计分析,结果表明：（1）1960年以来达州市年平均气温呈小幅上升的趋势,冬、春、秋三季增温,而夏季降温,气温年较差减小。20世纪80年代降温显著,90年代以后气温明显上升。（2）降水量趋势性变化不显著,总体呈略为增加的趋势。春、秋季降水减少,冬、夏季降水增多。近几年强降水频发,同时出现严重干旱。降水的相对集中和气温的升高,将导致干旱和洪涝发生的强度加重。 相似文献
5.
LUO Guidong 《四川气象》2008,(4)
采用气候倾向率和趋势系数方法对达州6个气象站1960年以来气温、降水资料进行统计分析,结果表明:(1)1960年以来达州市年平均气温呈小幅上升的趋势,冬、春、秋三季增温,而夏季降温,气温年较差减小。20世纪80年代降温显著,90年代以后气温明显上升。(2)降水量趋势性变化不显著,总体呈略为增加的趋势。春、秋季降水减少,冬、夏季降水增多。近几年强降水频发,同时出现严重干旱。降水的相对集中和气温的升高,将导致干旱和洪涝发生的强度加重。 相似文献
6.
分析了40 a气温、降水及干旱指数的变化特征,结果表明:(1)近40 a石河子地区平均温度以0.3℃/10 a趋势上升,和全疆变化一致;该地区年、冬季、夏季气温总体呈上升趋势,20世纪60~70年代年、冬季、夏季气温呈降低的趋势,80~90年代气温呈增加趋势,80年代冬季升温比夏季升温明显,而90年代夏季升温比冬季明显。(2)降水总体趋势上升,降水增长率为12.5 mm/10 a,90年代平均降水比30 a均值偏多20.8%。(3)年平均干旱指数总体呈下降趋势,但趋势不明显,其减少率为-0.3/10 a。(4)石河子地区的温度、降水及干旱指数用M ann-kendall方法检验分别在不同年份发生了不同程度的突变。结果指出,石河子地区气候正在趋于暖、湿化,这对于本区绿洲的发展具有有利的一面。 相似文献
7.
《贵州气象》2019,(6)
利用1961—2018年六盘水市观测站的气温、降水、日照时数等气象资料,采用线性倾向估计、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法,分析了六盘水市近58 a的气候变化特征,结果表明:六盘水市近58 a来年平均气温、各季平均气温、极端最高气温及最低气温均呈升高趋势,秋季增温趋势最明显,20世纪60-90年代六盘水年和各季的平均气温相对偏低,90年代以后逐渐升高,1999年前后年平均气温发生了突变。六盘水市春、夏、秋季及年降水呈减少趋势,冬季则呈增多趋势。六盘水市降水主要集中在5-9月,夏季降水量最多,冬季最少。六盘水市年及各季的日照时数均呈减少趋势,夏季日照时数减少更显著;春季和夏季日照时数较多,冬季日照时数最少;日照时数8月最多,1月最少。 相似文献
8.
根据祁连山区海拔2800 m以上的5个气象站点的气温及降水资料,分析了近50年的气候变化.研究表明,50年来祁连山区年平均气温呈上升趋势,突变出现在1980年代中期,1980年代中期以前增温缓慢,以后增温明显加快.冬季变暖的趋势远大于夏季,夜间升温幅度远大于白天,祁连山区气温以东西两段增温幅度最大;祁连山区降水量呈增加趋势,少雨年在1960年代和1970年代,多雨年在近20年,春季和夏季有明显上升趋势,祁连山西段降水量增加幅度明显. 相似文献
9.
利用喜马拉雅山脉中段南、北两侧6个气象站1971-2007年逐月气温、降水资料,分析了该地区气候变化趋势、异常及突变特征。结果表明：喜马拉雅山脉中段南、北两侧年、季平均气温均呈明显上升趋势,冬半年升温幅度大于夏半年。年及夏半年平均气温均为随年代升高趋势,而冬半年气温在20世纪80年代较70年代略偏低,90年代后又逐渐升高。21世纪前7 a升温最为显著,较20世纪70年代升高0.6～1.1℃。1997年该地区南侧年平均气温发生突变,突变后增温趋势更加明显。20世纪90年代末以来,异常偏暖年份出现的几率明显增加,且南侧多于北侧。喜马拉雅山脉中段北侧年及冬夏半年降水均呈增多趋势。南侧年和夏半年降水呈减少趋势,冬半年为增多趋势。降水异常出现在20世纪80、90年代,21世纪后降水出现异常的概率明显减少。近40 a,北侧气候具有暖湿化趋势;南侧冬半年与之类似,但夏半年及全年呈暖干化趋势。 相似文献
10.
1954-2011年盐城市气温和降水变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据盐城市2个观测站点1954-2011年逐月平均气温和降水资料,采用线性趋势分析、M-K检验、滑动t检验等方法,分析了盐城市气温和降水的气候变化特征。结果表明:盐城市年平均气温以0.24℃/10a的速率显著增加,其中,春季的升温速率最大(0.32℃/10a),秋季和冬季次之(分别为0.27℃/10a和0.28℃/10a),夏季最小(0.08℃/10a)且不显著。年降水量以17.1 mm/10a的速率呈弱的下降趋势,春、夏、秋季降水量均呈弱的下降趋势,而冬季降水量则呈弱的增加趋势。全年和四季(除春季)平均气温在20世纪90年代后升高明显,进入21世纪后升温幅度明显加大。年降水量具有"减-增-减"的年代际变化特征,四季降水距平各自波动特征不同,春、夏季降水量偏多期在20世纪50年代中后期和90年代,秋季降水量偏多期在50年代中后期、60年代和80年代,冬季降水量偏多期为90年代以后,其余年代为降水量偏少期。年平均气温在1993年发生突变式增温,春、夏、秋、冬四季气温突变时间分别在1993年、2000年、1997年和1991年。全年和四季降水量都没有明显突变现象。 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
12.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
13.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
14.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
15.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(4):227
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. 相似文献
17.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
18.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
19.
20.
《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献